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Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering

Volume 14, 2023

Engineering Innovations, Challenges, and Opportunities for Lignocellulosic Biorefineries: Leveraging Biobased Polymer Production

Abstract

Alternative polymer feedstocks are highly desirable to address environmental, social, and security concerns associated with petrochemical-based materials. Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) has emerged as one critical feedstock in this regard because it is an abundant and ubiquitous renewable resource. LCB can be deconstructed to generate valuable fuels, chemicals, and small molecules/oligomers that are amenable to modification and polymerization. However, the diversity of LCB complicates the evaluation of biorefinery concepts in areas including process scale-up, production outputs, plant economics, and life-cycle management. We discuss aspects of current LCB biorefinery research with a focus on the major process stages, including feedstock selection, fractionation/deconstruction, and characterization, along with product purification, functionalization, and polymerization to manufacture valuable macromolecular materials. We highlight opportunities to valorize underutilized and complex feedstocks, leverage advanced characterization techniques to predict and manage biorefinery outputs, and increase the fraction of biomass converted into valuable products.

Keyword(s): biobased polymers, biorefinery, life-cycle management, lignocellulosic biomass, sustainability, valorization
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-101121-084152
2023-06-08
2024-04-27
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-101121-084152
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Engineering Innovations, Challenges, and Opportunities for Lignocellulosic Biorefineries: Leveraging Biobased Polymer Production
Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 14, 109 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-101121-084152
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-101121-084152
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-101121-084152
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