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Abstract

Marine scientists have long been interested in the interactions of marine phytoplankton with their chemical environments. Nutrient availability clearly controls carbon fixation on a global scale, but the interactions between phytoplankton and nutrients are complex and include both short-term responses (seconds to minutes) and longer-term evolutionary adaptations. This review outlines how genomics and functional genomics approaches are providing a better understanding of these complex interactions, especially for cyanobacteria and diatoms, for which the genome sequences of multiple model organisms are available. Transporters and related genes are emerging as the most likely candidates for biomarkers in stress-specific studies, but other genes are also possible candidates. One surprise has been the important role of horizontal gene transfer in mediating chemical-biological interactions.

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2015-01-03
2024-03-29
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    Time-lapse image series of light production from two strains that carry a gene encoding the firefly luciferase reporter enzyme. The strains were inoculated onto agar plates in the shape of a moon and sun, and their luciferase genes are driven by different regulatory DNA elements that cause gene activity to peak with opposite phases approximately 12 h apart. Video created by Shannon Mackey, Mark Zoran, and Susan Golden at the Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, and provided courtesy of Susan Golden, Center for Chronobiology, University of California, San Diego.

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