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Annual Review of Materials Research

Volume 46, 2016

Polymer-Derived Ceramic Fibers

Abstract

SiC-based ceramic fibers are derived from polycarbosilane or polymetallocarbosilane precursors and are classified into three groups according to their chemical composition, oxygen content, and C/Si atomic ratio. The first-generation fibers are Si-C-O (Nicalon) fibers and Si-Ti-C-O (Tyranno Lox M) fibers. Both fibers contain more than 10-wt% oxygen owing to oxidation during curing and lead to degradation in strength at temperatures exceeding 1,300°C. The maximum use temperature is 1,100°C. The second-generation fibers are SiC (Hi-Nicalon) fibers and Si-Zr-C-O (Tyranno ZMI) fibers. The oxygen content of these fibers is reduced to less than 1 wt% by electron beam irradiation curing in He. The thermal stability of these fibers is improved (they are stable up to 1,500°C), but their creep resistance is limited to a maximum of 1,150°C because their C/Si atomic ratio results in excess carbon. The third-generation fibers are stoichiometric SiC fibers, i.e., Hi-Nicalon Type S (hereafter Type S), Tyranno SA, and Sylramic™ fibers. They exhibit improved thermal stability and creep resistance up to 1,400°C. Stoichiometric SiC fibers meet many of the requirements for the use of ceramic matrix composites for high-temperature structural application. SiBNC fibers derived from polyborosilazane also show promise for structural applications, remain in the amorphous state up to 1,800°C, and have good high-temperature creep resistance.

Keyword(s): Nicalon, polycarbosilane, polysilazane, Si-B-N-C fiber, stoichiometric SiC fiber, Tyranno
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2016-07-01
2024-04-26
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Polymer-Derived Ceramic Fibers
Annual Review of Materials Research 46, 335 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-matsci-070115-032127
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-matsci-070115-032127
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-matsci-070115-032127
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