1932

Abstract

My research has included chemical physics, electron and NMR spectroscopy, membrane biophysics, and immunology. This research was curiosity driven as well as problem and technique oriented. A theoretical equation was developed for relating nuclear hyperfine splittings to electron spin distributions in free radicals. Another equation was developed to relate NMR spectra to chemical reaction rates. Early evidence for the liquid-like properties of cell membranes was obtained through the use of paramagnetic probes (spin labels). Spin labels were used in measurements of lateral as well as transverse diffusion of phospholipids in bilayer membranes. Liquid-liquid phase separations were discovered in monolayer membranes containing phospholipids and cholesterol. In the area of immunology, it was shown that antigenic peptides bind to reconstituted class II MHC molecules in membranes and trigger specific T-helper cells.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1146/annurev.biophys.093008.131315
2010-06-09
2024-05-08
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/biophys/39/1/annurev.biophys.093008.131315.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.1146/annurev.biophys.093008.131315&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

Literature Cited

  1. Atherton NM. 1.  1993. Principles of Electron Spin Resonance New York: Ellis Horwood585
  2. Cole T, Pritchard HO, Davidson NR, McConnell HM. 2.  1958. Structure of the methyl radical. Mol. Phys. 1:406–9 [Google Scholar]
  3. Copeland BR, McConnell HM. 3.  1980. The rippled structure in bilayer membranes of phosphatidylcholine and binary mixtures of phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 599:95–109 [Google Scholar]
  4. Corrales LR, Wheeler JC. 4.  1989. Chemical reaction driven phase transitions and critical points. J. Chem. Phys. 91:7097–112 [Google Scholar]
  5. Davis JH, Clair JJ, Juhasz J. 5.  2009. Phase equilibria in DOPC/DPPC-d62/cholesterol mixtures. Biophys. J. 96:521–39 [Google Scholar]
  6. Devaux P, McConnell HM. 6.  1972. Lateral diffusion in spin-labeled phosphatidylcholine multilayers. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 94:4475–81 [Google Scholar]
  7. Eyring H, Walter JE, Kimball GE. 7.  1944. Quantum Chemistry New York: Wiley394
  8. Fayer MD. 8.  2009. Dynamics of liquids, molecules, and proteins measured with ultra fast 2DIR vibrational echo chemical exchange spectroscopy. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 60:21–35 [Google Scholar]
  9. Fremont DH, Dai S, Chiang H, Crawford F, Marrack P, Kappler J. 9.  2002. Structural basis of cytochrome c presentation by IE(k). J. Exp. Med. 195:1043–52 [Google Scholar]
  10. Grant CWM, Wu HS, McConnell HM. 10.  1974. Lateral phase separations in binary lipid mixtures: correlation between spin label and freeze-fracture electron microscopic studies. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 363:151–58 [Google Scholar]
  11. Haar D, Wolf HC. 11.  1970. Untersuchenden an Triplett-Excitonen in Anthracen- und Naphthalin-Einkristallen. Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst. 10:359–80 [Google Scholar]
  12. Honerkamp-Smith AR, Cicuta P, Collims MD, Veatch SL, den Nijs M. 12.  et al. 2008. Line tensions, correlation lengths, and critical exponents in lipid mixtures near critical points. Biophys. J. 95:236–46 [Google Scholar]
  13. Hubbell WL, McConnell HM. 13.  1968. Spin label studies of the excitable membranes of nerve and muscle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 61:401–5 [Google Scholar]
  14. Hubbell WL, McConnell HM. 14.  1969. Orientation and motion of amphiphilic spin labels in membranes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 64:20–27 [Google Scholar]
  15. Hutchison CA Jr, Mangum BW. 15.  1958. Paramagnetic resonance absorption in naphthalene in its phosphorescent state. J. Chem. Phys. 29:952–53 [Google Scholar]
  16. Hutchison CA Jr, Pastor RC, Kowalsky AG. 16.  1952. Paramagnetic resonance absorption in organic free radicals. Fine structure. J. Chem. Phys. 20:534–35 [Google Scholar]
  17. Jahnig F. 17.  1981. Critical effects from lipid-protein interaction in membranes. Biophys. J. 36:329–45 [Google Scholar]
  18. Keller SL, Pitcher WH III, Huestis WH, McConnell HM. 18.  1998. Red blood cell lipids form immiscible liquids. Phys. Rev. Lett. 81:5019–22 [Google Scholar]
  19. Keller SL, Anderson TG, McConnell HM. 19.  2000. Miscibility critical pressure in monolayers of ternary lipid mixtures. Biophys. J. 79:2033–42 [Google Scholar]
  20. Komura S, Shirotori H, Olmsted PD, Andelman D. 20.  2004. Lateral phase separation in mixtures of lipids and cholesterol. Europhys. Lett. 67:321–27 [Google Scholar]
  21. Kornberg RD, McConnell HM. 21.  1971. Inside-outside transitions of phospholipids in vesicle membranes. Biochemistry 10:1111–20 [Google Scholar]
  22. Kornberg RD, McConnell HM. 22.  1971. Lateral diffusion of phospholipids in a vesicle membrane. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 68:2564–68 [Google Scholar]
  23. Lee KYC, Klingler JF, McConnell HM. 23.  1994. Electric field induced concentration gradients in lipid monolayers. Science 263:655–58 [Google Scholar]
  24. Lewis IC, Singer LS. 24.  1965. Electron spin resonance of radical cations produced by the oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons with SbCl5. J. Chem. Phys. 43:2712–27 [Google Scholar]
  25. Linden C, Wright K, McConnell HM, Fox CF. 25.  1973. Lateral phase separations in membrane lipids and the mechanism of sugar transport in Escherichia coli. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 70:2271–75 [Google Scholar]
  26. Longuet-Higgins HC. 26.  1949. Some studies in molecular orbital theory. I. Resonance structures and molecular orbitals in unsaturated hydrocarbons. J. Chem. Phys. 18:265–74 [Google Scholar]
  27. McConnell HM. 27.  1955. Molecular orbital approximation to electron-spin coupled nuclear spin-spin interactions in molecules. J. Chem. Phys. 23:460–67 [Google Scholar]
  28. McConnell HM. 28.  1956. Indirect hyperfine interactions in the paramagnetic resonance spectra of aromatic free radicals. J. Chem. Phys. 24:764–66 [Google Scholar]
  29. McConnell HM. 29.  1958. Reaction rates by nuclear magnetic resonance. J. Chem. Phys. 28:430–31 [Google Scholar]
  30. McConnell HM. 30.  1961. Intramolecular charge transfer in aromatic free radicals. J. Chem. Phys. 35:508–15 [Google Scholar]
  31. McConnell HM. 31.  1978. Relation of lateral molecular motion in membranes and immune response. The Harvey Lectures Ser. 72 231–52 New York: Academic [Google Scholar]
  32. McConnell HM. 32.  1990. Harmonic shape transitions in lipid monolayer domains. J. Phys. Chem. 94:4728–31 [Google Scholar]
  33. McConnell HM. 33.  1991. Structures and transitions in lipid monolayers at the air-water interface. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 42:171–95 [Google Scholar]
  34. McConnell HM. 34.  1998. Theories of molecular electronic structure. Foundations of Modern EPR GR Eaton, SS Eaton, KM Salikov C. 4236–40 Singapore: World Sci. [Google Scholar]
  35. McConnell HM. 35.  2008. Understanding membranes. ACS Chem. Biol. 3:265–67 [Google Scholar]
  36. McConnell HM. 36.  2009. Nuclear relaxation and critical fluctuations in membranes containing cholesterol. J. Chem. Phys. 130:165103–1-7 [Google Scholar]
  37. McConnell HM, Chesnut DB. 37.  1958. Theory of isotropic hyperfine interactions in π-electron radicals. J. Chem. Phys. 28:107–17 [Google Scholar]
  38. McConnell HM, Davidson NR. 38.  1950. Optical interaction between the chloro-complexes of copper(I) and copper(II) in solutions of unit ionic strength. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 72:5557–60 [Google Scholar]
  39. McConnell HM, Heller C, Cole T, Fessenden RW. 39.  1960. Radiation damage in organic crystals. I CH(COOH)2 in malonic acid. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 82:766–75 [Google Scholar]
  40. McConnell HM, Lynden-Bell RM. 40.  1962. Paramagnetic excitons in solid free radicals. J. Chem. Phys. 36:2393–97 [Google Scholar]
  41. McConnell HM, McFarland BG. 41.  1970. Physics and chemistry of spin labels. Q. Rev. Biophys. 3:91–136 [Google Scholar]
  42. McConnell HM, McLean AD, Reilly CA. 42.  1955. Analysis of spin-spin multiplets in nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. J. Chem. Phys. 23:1152–59 [Google Scholar]
  43. McConnell HM, Owicki JC, Parce JW, Miller DL, Baxter GT. 43.  et al. 1992. The cytosensor microphysiometer: biological applications of silicon technology. Science 257:1906–12 [Google Scholar]
  44. McConnell HM, Radhakrishnan A. 44.  2002. Condensed complexes of cholesterol and phospholipid. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1610:159–73 [Google Scholar]
  45. McConnell HM, Radhakrishnan A. 45.  2006. Theory of the deuterium NMR of sterol-phospholipid membranes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103:1184–89 [Google Scholar]
  46. McConnell HM, Thompson DD. 46.  1959. Molecular transfer of nonequilibrium magnetization. J. Chem. Phys. 31:85–88 [Google Scholar]
  47. McConnell HM, Weaver HE. 47.  1956. Rate of electron exchange between cuprous and cupric ions in hydrochloric acid solutions by nuclear magnetic resonance. J. Chem. Phys. 25:307–11 [Google Scholar]
  48. Nishimura SY, Vrljic M, Klein LO, McConnell HM, Moerner WE. 48.  2006. Cholesterol depletion induces solid-like regions in the plasma membrane. Biophys. J. 90:1–12 [Google Scholar]
  49. Owicki JC, McConnell HM. 49.  1979. Theory of protein-lipid and protein-protein interactions in bilayer membranes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76:4750–54 [Google Scholar]
  50. Owicki JC, Springate MS, McConnell HM. 50.  1978. A theoretical study of protein-lipid interactions in bilayer membranes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75:1616–19 [Google Scholar]
  51. Poo M, Cone RA. 51.  1974. Lateral diffusion of rhodopsin in a photoreceptor membrane. Nature 247:438–41 [Google Scholar]
  52. Pople JA, Beveridge DL, Dobosh PA. 52.  1968. Molecular orbital theory of the electronic structure of organic compounds. II. Spin densities in paramagnetic species. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 90:4201–9 [Google Scholar]
  53. Rabinowitz JD, Vrljic M, Kasson PM, Liang MN, Busch R. 53.  et al. 1998. Formation of a highly peptide-receptive state of class II MHC. Immunity 9:1–20 [Google Scholar]
  54. Radhakrishnan A, McConnell HM. 54.  1999. Condensed complexes of cholesterol and phospholipids. Biophys. J. 77:1507–17 [Google Scholar]
  55. Radhakrishnan A, McConnell HM. 55.  2000. Chemical activity of cholesterol in membranes. Biochemistry 39:8119–24 [Google Scholar]
  56. Radhakrishnan A, McConnell HM. 56.  2002. Critical points in charged membranes containing cholesterol. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99:13391–96 [Google Scholar]
  57. Radhakrishnan A, McConnell HM. 57.  2005. Condensed complexes in vesicles containing cholesterol and phospholipids. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102:12662–66 [Google Scholar]
  58. Rechtenwald DJ, McConnell HM. 58.  1981. Phase equilibria in binary mixtures of phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol. Biochemistry 20:4505–10 [Google Scholar]
  59. Rubenstein JLR, Smith BA, McConnell HM. 59.  1979. Lateral diffusion in binary mixtures of cholesterol and phosphatidylcholines. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76:15–18 [Google Scholar]
  60. Shimsheck EJ, McConnell HM. 60.  1973. Lateral phase separations in binary mixtures of cholesterol and phospholipids. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 55:446–51 [Google Scholar]
  61. Shimsheck EJ, McConnell HM. 61.  1973. Lateral phase separations in phospholipid membranes. Biochemistry 53:446–51 [Google Scholar]
  62. Smith BA, McConnell HM. 62.  1978. Determination of molecular motion in membranes using periodic pattern photobleaching. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 5:2759–63 [Google Scholar]
  63. Sorre B, Callan-Jones A, Manneville J-B, Nassoy P, Joanny J-F. 63.  et al. 2009. Curvature-driven lipid sorting needs proximity to a demixing point and is aided by proteins. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106:5622–26 [Google Scholar]
  64. Sternlicht H, McConnell HM. 64.  1961. Paramagnetic excitons in molecular crystals. J. Chem. Phys. 35:1793–800 [Google Scholar]
  65. Stone TJ, Buckman T, Nordio PL, McConnell HM. 65.  1965. Spin-labeled biomolecules. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 54:1010–17 [Google Scholar]
  66. Subramanian S, McConnell HM. 66.  1987. Critical mixing in monolayer mixtures of phospholipid and cholesterol. J. Phys. Chem. 91:1715–18 [Google Scholar]
  67. Trauble H, Sackmann E. 67.  1972. Studies of the crystalline-liquid crystal phase transition of lipid model membranes. III. Structure of a steroid-lecithin system below and above the lipid phase transition. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 94:4499–510 [Google Scholar]
  68. Van Der Waals JH, de Groot MS. 68.  1960. Paramagnetic resonance in aromatic hydrocarbons. I. Naphthalene. Mol. Phys. 2:333–40 [Google Scholar]
  69. Veatch SL, Cicuta P, Sengupta P, Honnerkamp-Smith A, Holowka D, Baird B. 69.  2008. Critical fluctuations in plasma membrane vesicles. ACS Chem. Biol. 3:287–93 [Google Scholar]
  70. Veatch SL, Gawrisch K, Keller SL. 70.  2006. Closed-loop miscibility gap and quantitative tie-lines in ternary membranes containing diphytanoyl PC. Biophys. J. 90:4428–36 [Google Scholar]
  71. Veatch SL, Keller SL. 71.  2005. Miscibility phase diagrams of giant vesicles containing sphingomyelin. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94:148101 [Google Scholar]
  72. Veatch SL, Soubias O, Keller SL, Gawrisch K. 72.  2007. Critical fluctuations in domain-forming lipid mixtures. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104:17650–55 [Google Scholar]
  73. Vist MR, Davis JH. 73.  1990. Phase equilibria of cholesterol/dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine mixtures: 2H nuclear magnetic resonance and differential scanning calorimetry. Biochemistry 29:451–64 [Google Scholar]
  74. von Tscharner V, McConnell HM. 74.  1981. An alternative view of phospholipid phase behavior at the air-water interface. Microscopy and film balance studies. Biophys. J. 36:409–19 [Google Scholar]
  75. Vrljic M, Nishimura SY, Brasselet S, Moerner WE, McConnell HM. 75.  2002. Translational diffusion of individual class II MHC proteins in cells. Biophys. J. 83:2681–92 [Google Scholar]
  76. Watts T, Brian AA, Kappler JW, Marrack P, McConnell HM. 76.  1984. Antigen presentation by supported membranes containing affinity purified I-Ad. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:7564–68 [Google Scholar]
  77. Weil JA, Bolton JR. 77.  2007. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance. Elementary Theory and Practical Applications Hoboken, NJ: Wiley664, 2nd.
  78. Weissman SI. 78.  1958. Intramolecular electron exchange in anions of paracyclophanes. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80:6462–63 [Google Scholar]
  79. Wu SHW, McConnell HM. 79.  1975. Phase separations in phospholipid membranes. Biochemistry 14:847–54 [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev.biophys.093008.131315
Loading
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev.biophys.093008.131315
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Review Article
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error