In 1919, a total solar eclipse was used to test Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity. Since then, studies of the solar corona during totality have been used to examine its structure and changes over time, and to compare the features seen with details on the solar surface.
The 2017 total solar eclipse was the first of its kind to be visible across the contiguous United States since 1979, with the path of totality passing through 14 states.
In 2024, another solar eclipse across Mexico and the United States presents a valuable opportunity for scientists to continue building their knowledge about the Sun and solar system, particularly its impact on modern technology and energy use1.
In this Annual Reviews collection, invited experts discuss our developing understanding of solar activity from early civilizations through to modern day technology. This collection is curated from a number of Annual Reviews journals.