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Annual Review of Animal Biosciences

Volume 13, 2025

Parasites in a Changing World: Troublesome or in Trouble?

  • Chelsea L. Wood1
  • School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; email: [email protected]
  • Vol. 13:303-323 (Volume publication date February 2025)
  • First published as a Review in Advance on November 11, 2024
  • Copyright © 2025 by the author(s).
    This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See credit lines of images or other third-party material in this article for license information.

Abstract

There are plenty of reasons to believe that parasite populations will respond to biodiversity loss, warming, pollution, and other forms of global change. But will global change enhance transmission, increasing the incidence of troublesome parasites that put people, livestock, and wildlife at risk? Or will parasite species decline in abundance—or even become extinct—suggesting trouble on the horizon for parasite biodiversity? Here, I explain why answers have thus far eluded us and suggest new lines of research that would advance the field. Data collected to date suggest that parasites can respond to global change with increases or decreases in abundance, depending on the driver and the parasite. The future will certainly bring outbreaks of some parasites, and these should be addressed to protect human and ecosystem health. But troublesome parasites should not consume all of our research effort, because this changing world contains many parasite species that are in trouble.

Keyword(s): diversity–disease, global change, historical ecology of parasitism, infectious disease, natural history collections, parasites
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Parasites in a Changing World: Troublesome or in Trouble?
Annual Review of Animal Biosciences 13, 303 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-animal-111523-102039
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-animal-111523-102039
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-animal-111523-102039
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