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Annual Review of Anthropology

Volume 53, 2024

Cultural-Environmental Systems and the Archaeology of Climate Change and Social Complexity: Midwest and Southeast United States

  • Sissel Schroeder1 and A.J. White2
  • 1Department of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; email: [email protected] 2Department of Earth Science, California State University, Long Beach, California, USA
  • Vol. 53:147-163 (Volume publication date October 2024)
  • Copyright © 2024 by the author(s).
    This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See credit lines of images or other third-party material in this article for license information.

Abstract

The investigation of dynamic fully integrated cultural-environmental systems is one grand challenge facing archaeologists in this century. In the Midwest and Southeast United States, archaeologists recently increased their study of Mississippian social systems (ca. AD 1000–1600) in relationship to paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. Significant differences in chronological control between archaeological chronologies and paleoenvironmental records pose challenges to the study of cultural-environmental systems in this region and often result in equifinal results. Three major lines of paleoenvironmental records are reviewed: bald cypress tree-ring records, the Living Blended Drought Atlas (LBDA), and lake-bottom sediment cores. The strongest approaches include local and regional multiproxy environmental records from the same location as a well-investigated archaeological site(s) or region(s). In the rare case where the cores also encode a regional population history, it may be possible to develop stronger inferences that consider variation within and between communities and their vulnerability to climate change and environmental catastrophes.

Keyword(s): archaeology, climate change, Midwest, Mississippian culture, proxy records, Southeast
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2024-10-21
2025-06-22
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110206
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Cultural-Environmental Systems and the Archaeology of Climate Change and Social Complexity: Midwest and Southeast United States
Annual Review of Anthropology 53, 147 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110206
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110206
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-anthro-101819-110206
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