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Annual Review of Plant Biology

Volume 76, 2025

The Dynamics, Degradation, and Afterlives of Pectins: Influences on Cell Wall Assembly and Structure, Plant Development and Physiology, Agronomy, and Biotechnology

  • Charles T. Anderson1 and Jérôme Pelloux2
  • 1Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA; email: [email protected] 2UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France; email: [email protected]
  • Vol. 76:85-113 (Volume publication date May 2025)
  • First published as a Review in Advance on January 22, 2025
  • Copyright © 2025 by the author(s).
    This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See credit lines of images or other third-party material in this article for license information.

Abstract

Pectins underpin the assembly, molecular architecture, and physical properties of plant cell walls and through their effects on cell growth and adhesion influence many aspects of plant development. They are some of the most dynamic components of plant cell walls, and pectin remodeling and degradation by pectin-modifying enzymes can drive developmental programming via physical effects on the cell wall and the generation of oligosaccharides that can act as signaling ligands. Here, we introduce pectin structure and synthesis and discuss pectin functions in plants. We highlight recent advances in understanding the structure–function relationships of pectin-modifying enzymes and their products and how these advances point toward new approaches to bridging key knowledge gaps and manipulating pectin dynamics to control plant development. Finally, we discuss how a deeper understanding of pectin dynamics might enable innovations in agronomy and biotechnology, unlocking new benefits from these ubiquitous but complex polysaccharides.

Keyword(s): homogalacturonan, pectate lyase, pectin, plant cell wall, polygalacturonase, rhamnogalacturonan
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2025-05-20
2025-06-24
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-arplant-083023-034055
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The Dynamics, Degradation, and Afterlives of Pectins: Influences on Cell Wall Assembly and Structure, Plant Development and Physiology, Agronomy, and Biotechnology
Annual Review of Plant Biology 76, 85 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-083023-034055
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-arplant-083023-034055
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-arplant-083023-034055
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