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Annual Review of Plant Biology

Volume 76, 2025

Functions and Mechanisms of Histone Modifications in Plants

  • Huy Le1,*, Carl H. Simmons1,* and Xuehua Zhong1
  • Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; email: [email protected]
    * These authors contributed equally to this article and are listed alphabetically
  • Vol. 76:551-578 (Volume publication date May 2025)
  • First published as a Review in Advance on February 14, 2025
  • Copyright © 2025 by the author(s).
    This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See credit lines of images or other third-party material in this article for license information.

Abstract

Histones are far more than just the basic units of chromatin. Posttranslational modifications of histone tails have emerged as important regulatory mechanisms for diverse biological processes, including genome organization, gene expression, transposable element suppression, development, and environmental responses. This field is expanding rapidly with the development of new technologies and growing interest from both the basic and translational research communities. The past two decades have witnessed tremendous progress in our understanding of the complex, multilayered regulation and actions of histone modifications in plants. This review summarizes the characteristics, localization, and molecular functions of histone modifications with an emphasis on the well-studied marks in . We further discuss their functions in developmental transitions and environmental responses as well as their contributions to epigenomic diversity and plasticity. By highlighting the functions and fundamental mechanisms of epigenetic modifications in model plants, this review underscores the potential to harness epigenetic regulation for agricultural improvement.

Keyword(s): development, environmental response, epigenetics, gene regulation, histone modifications, transposable elements
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2025-05-20
2025-06-16
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Functions and Mechanisms of Histone Modifications in Plants
Annual Review of Plant Biology 76, 551 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-083123-070919
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