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Annual Review of Plant Biology

Volume 76, 2025

Ingenious Male–Female Communication Ensures Successful Double Fertilization in Angiosperms

  • Sheng Zhong1, Zijun Lan1 and Li-Jia Qu1
  • State Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Modulation Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; email: [email protected]
  • Vol. 76:401-431 (Volume publication date May 2025)
  • First published as a Review in Advance on February 14, 2025
  • Copyright © 2025 by the author(s).
    This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See credit lines of images or other third-party material in this article for license information.

Abstract

The colonization of land by plants marked a pivotal transformation in terrestrial ecosystems. In order to adapt to the terrestrial environment, angiosperms, which dominate the terrestrial flora with around 300,000 species, have evolved sophisticated mechanisms for sexual reproduction involving intricate interactions between male and female structures, starting from pollen deposition on the stigma and culminating in double fertilization within the ovule. The pollen tube plays a crucial role by navigating through female tissues to deliver sperm cells. The molecular intricacies of these male–female interactions, involving numerous signaling pathways and regulatory proteins, have been extensively studied over the past two decades. This review summarizes recent findings on the regulatory mechanisms of these male–female interactions in angiosperms. We aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of plant reproductive biology and highlight the implications of these mechanisms for crop improvement and the development of new agricultural technologies.

Keyword(s): double fertilization, gamete interactions, peptide/receptor-mediated signaling, pollen tube guidance, pollen tube reception, pollen/pollen tube–stigma interaction
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2025-05-20
2025-06-13
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Ingenious Male–Female Communication Ensures Successful Double Fertilization in Angiosperms
Annual Review of Plant Biology 76, 401 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-083123-071512
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-arplant-083123-071512
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-arplant-083123-071512
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