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Annual Review of Genetics

Volume 58, 2024

Integrating the Study of Polyploidy Across Organisms, Tissues, and Disease

  • John P. Morris1, Timour Baslan2,3,4, Douglas E. Soltis5,6,7,8, Pamela S. Soltis5,7,8 and Donald T. Fox5,9
  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; email: [email protected] 2Department of Biomedical Sciences and Penn Vet Cancer Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; email: [email protected] 3Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA 4Center for Childhood Cancer Research, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA 5Polyploidy Integration and Innovation Institute 6Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; email: [email protected] 7Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; email: [email protected] 8Biodiversity Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA 9Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke Regeneration Center, and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; email: [email protected]
  • Vol. 58:297-318 (Volume publication date November 2024)
  • First published as a Review in Advance on September 03, 2024
  • Copyright © 2024 by the author(s).
    This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See credit lines of images or other third-party material in this article for license information.

Abstract

Polyploidy is a cellular state containing more than two complete chromosome sets. It has largely been studied as a discrete phenomenon in either organismal, tissue, or disease contexts. Increasingly, however, investigation of polyploidy across disciplines is coalescing around common principles. For example, the recent Polyploidy Across the Tree of Life meeting considered the contribution of polyploidy both in organismal evolution over millions of years and in tumorigenesis across much shorter timescales. Here, we build on this newfound integration with a unified discussion of polyploidy in organisms, cells, and disease. We highlight how common polyploidy is at multiple biological scales, thus eliminating the outdated mindset of its specialization. Additionally, we discuss rules that are likely common to all instances of polyploidy. With increasing appreciation that polyploidy is pervasive in nature and displays fascinating commonalities across diverse contexts, inquiry related to this important topic is rapidly becoming unified.

Keyword(s): cancer, development, evolution, polyploidy, stress, whole-genome duplication
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2024-11-25
2025-06-22
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Integrating the Study of Polyploidy Across Organisms, Tissues, and Disease
Annual Review of Genetics 58, 297 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102124
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102124
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102124
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