1932

Abstract

This article reviews recent literature on sanctions from international law, political science, sociology, anthropology, and history. It shows how the literature during the comprehensive sanctions decade (the 1990s), with a largely critical view on sanctions in the age of globalization, was co-opted by the targetization of sanctions in the sanctions miniaturization decade (the 2000s). It then reviews the sanctions literature in sociology and anthropology during the sanctions enforcement decade (the 2010s), addressing the transnational characteristics of sanctions, their infrastructural materiality in the digital economy, and the deputization of private actors to police their implementation. Last, the article reviews the literature in colonial governmentality to encourage sanctions specialists to take a longer-term view of transnational orders of sanctions. This section ends with a call to decolonize sanctions research—or rather, to question the colonial origins of sanctions as an instrument of world making so that a properly decolonial perspective on sanctions can be elaborated.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-042022-111630
2024-10-17
2025-04-27
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/lawsocsci/20/1/annurev-lawsocsci-042022-111630.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-042022-111630&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

Literature Cited

  1. Aaslestad K. 2022.. Blockade and economic warfare. . In The Cambridge History of the Napoleonic Wars, Vol. 3, ed. A Forrest, P Hicks , pp. 11741. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Aaslestad K, Joor J, eds. 2015.. Revisiting Napoleon's Continental System: Local, Regional and European Experiences. New York:: Palgrave Macmillan
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Adamthwaite A. 1988.. Suez revisited. . Int. Aff. 64:(3):44964
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  4. Alldridge P. 2008.. Money laundering and globalization. . J. Law Soc. 35:(4):43763
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  5. Allison G. 2017.. Destined for War: Can America and China Escape Thucydides's Trap? Boston:: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Amicelle A. 2011.. Towards a “new” political anatomy of financial surveillance. . Secur. Dialogue 42:(2):16178
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  7. Amoore L, de Goede M. 2008.. Risk and the Global War on Terror. London:: Routledge
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Andreas P. 2008.. Preface. . See Naylor 2008 , pp. viixx
  9. Andreas P, Nadelmann E. 2008.. Policing the Globe: Criminalization and Crime Control in International Relations. Oxford, UK:: Oxford Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Aradau C, Van Munster R. 2011.. Politics of Catastrophe: Genealogies of the Unknown. New York:: Routledge
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Aron R. 1957.. La tragédie algérienne. Paris:: Plon
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Assoc. Certif. Anti-Money Laund. Spec. (ACAMS). 2016.. Navigating FATF Recommendation 16. . ACAMS Today, Sept. 20. https://www.acamstoday.org/navigating-fatf-recommendation-16/
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Atl. Counc. 2023.. Global Sanctions Dashboard: what to do with sanctioned Russian assets. . Econographics, March 24. https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/econographics/global-sanctions-dashboard-what-to-do-with-sanctioned-russian-assets
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Baldwin RE. 1985.. The Political Economy of US Import Policy. Cambridge:: MIT Press
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Batmanghelidj E. 2022.. The inflation weapon: how American sanctions harm Iranian households. Rep. , Fourth Freedom Forum, Sanction. Secur. Res. Proj. https://sanctionsandsecurity.org/publications/the-inflation-weapon-how-american-sanctions-harm-iranian-households/
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Batmanghelidj E. 2023.. How sanctions hurt Iran's protesters: They need money to build a movement. . Foreign Affairs, April 4. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/middle-east/how-sanctions-hurt-irans-protesters
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Batmanghelidj E, Hellman A. 2018.. Mitigating US sanctions on Iran: the case for a humanitarian special purpose vehicle. Policy Brief, Eur. Leadersh. Netw., Novemb. 28. https://www.europeanleadershipnetwork.org/policy-brief/mitigating-us-sanctions-on-iran-the-case-for-a-humanitarian-special-purpose-vehicle/
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Batmanghelidj E, Rouhi M. 2021.. The Iran Nuclear Deal and sanctions relief: implications for US policy. . Survival 63:(4):18398
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  19. Baumard P, Hotte D, Morlet D, Sauteret S, Soulignac V. 2012.. Les sanctions financières internationales. Paris:: RB Ed.
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Beaucillon C. 2014.. Les mesures restrictives de l'Union européenne. The Hague, Neth.:: Bruylant
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Beaucillon C. 2020.. Panorama de la pratique contemporaine des sanctions extraterritoriales. . In Extraterritorialités et droit international, ed. A Miron, B Taxil , pp. 7592. Paris:: Pedone
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Beaucillon C, ed. 2021.. Research Handbook on Unilateral and Extraterritorial Sanctions. Cheltenham, UK:: Edward Elgar Publ.
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Bedjaoui M. 1978.. Pour un nouvel ordre économique international. Paris:: UNESCO
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Benvenisti E, Downs G. 2007.. The empire's new clothes: political economy and the fragmentation of international law. . Stanford Law Rev. 60:(2):595631
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Berman PS, ed. 2020.. Oxford Handbook of Global Legal Pluralism. Oxford, UK:: Oxford Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Biersteker T. 2009.. Targeted sanctions and individual human rights. . Int. J. 65:(1):99117
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  27. Biersteker T. 2014.. Scholarly participation in transnational policy networks: the case of targeted sanctions. . In Scholars, Policy-Makers and International Affairs, ed. AF Lowenthal, ME Bertucci , pp. 13754. Baltimore:: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Biersteker TJ, Eckert SE. 2008.. Countering the Financing of Terrorism. London:: Routledge
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Biersteker T, Eckert S, Tourinho M. 2016.. Targeted Sanctions: The Impacts and Effectiveness of United Nations Actions. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Blackwill RD, Harris JM. 2016.. War by Other Means: Geoeconomics and Statecraft. Cambridge, MA:: Harvard Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Blanchet K, Mallard G, Moret E, Sun J. 2021.. Sanctioned countries in the global COVID-19 vaccination campaign: the forgotten 70%. . Confl. Health 15::69
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  32. Block-Lieb S, Halliday TC. 2017.. Global Lawmakers: International Organizations in The Crafting of World Markets. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Brzoska M. 2003.. From dumb to smart? Recent reforms of UN sanctions. . Glob. Gov. 9:(4):51935
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  34. Burns W. 2021.. The Back Channel: American Diplomacy in a Disordered World. New York:: C. Hurst
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Carruthers BG. 1999.. City of Capital: Politics and Markets in the English Financial Revolution. Princeton, NJ:: Princeton Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Clavin P. 2013.. Securing the World Economy: The Reinvention of the League of Nations, 1920–1946. Oxford, UK:: Oxford Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Clawson P. 1993.. Sanctions as punishment, enforcement, and prelude to further action. . Ethics Int. Aff. 20::2729
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Chickering R, Förster S, eds. 2000.. Great War, Total War: Combat and Mobilization on the Western Front, 1914–1918. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Connolly R. 2018.. Russia's Response to Sanctions: How Western Economic Statecraft Is Reshaping Political Economy in Russia. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Cortright D, Lopez GA. 2000.. The Sanctions Decade: Assessing UN Strategies in the 1990s. Boulder, CO:: Lynne Rienner Publ.
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Davis LE, Engerman SL. 2006.. Naval Blockades in Peace and War: An Economic History since 1750. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Debarre A. 2019.. Safeguarding humanitarian action in sanctions regimes. Issue Brief, Int. Peace Inst., June 24. https://www.ipinst.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/1906_Sanctions-and-Humanitarian-Action.pdf
    [Google Scholar]
  43. de Búrca G. 2010.. The European Court of Justice and the international legal order after Kadi. . Harvard Int. Law J. 51:(3):149
    [Google Scholar]
  44. de Goede M. 2012.. Speculative Security: The Politics of Pursuing Terrorist Monies. Minneapolis:: Univ. Minn. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  45. de Goede M, Leander A, Sullivan G. 2016.. Introduction: the politics of the list. . Environ. Plann. D 34:(1):313
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  46. Demarais A. 2022.. Backfire: How Sanctions Reshape the World Against U.S. Interests. New York:: Columbia Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Djelic M-L, Sahlin Andersson K. 2006.. A world of governance. . In Transnational Governance, ed. M-L Djelic, K Sahlin-Andersson , pp. 130. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Doxey M. 2009.. Reflections on the sanctions decade and beyond. . Int. J. 64:(2):53949
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  49. Drezner D. 1999.. The Sanctions Paradox: Economic Statecraft and International Relations. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  50. Drezner D. 2007.. All Politics Is Global: Explaining International Regulatory Regimes. Princeton, NJ:: Princeton Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Eckert S, Guinane K, Hall A. 2017.. Financial access for US nonprofits. Rep. , Charity Secur. Netw., Washington, DC:. https://www.charityandsecurity.org/system/files/FinancialAccessFullReport_2.21%20(2).pdf
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Erikson E. 2014.. Between Monopoly and Free Trade: The English East India Company, 1600–1757. Princeton, NJ:: Princeton Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  53. Esfandiary D, Fitzpatrick M. 2011.. Sanctions on Iran: defining and enabling “success. .” Survival 53:(5):14356
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  54. Eur. Comm. 2017.. EU sanctions map. https://www.sanctionsmap.eu/
    [Google Scholar]
  55. Farrall JM. 2007.. United Nations Sanctions and the Rule of Law. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  56. Farrell H, Newman A. 2019a.. Weaponized interdependence: how global economic networks shape state coercion. . Int. Organ. 44:(1):4279
    [Google Scholar]
  57. Farrell H, Newman A. 2019b.. Of Privacy and Power: The Transatlantic Struggle over Freedom and Security. Princeton, NJ:: Princeton Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  58. Farzanegan MR, Batmanghelidj E. 2023.. Understanding economic sanctions on Iran: a survey. . Econ. Voice 20:(2):197226
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  59. Farzanegan MR, Khabbazan MM, Sadeghi H. 2016.. Effects of oil sanctions on Iran's economy and household welfare: new evidence from a CGE model. . In Economic Welfare and Inequality in Iran: Developments Since the Revolution, ed. M Farzanegan, P Alaedini , pp. 185211. New York:: Palgrave Macmillan
    [Google Scholar]
  60. Fayazmanesh S. 2003.. The politics of U.S. economic sanctions against Iran. . Rev. Radical Political Econ. 35:(3):22140
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  61. Fayazmanesh S. 2008.. The United States and Iran: Sanctions, Wars and the Policy of Dual Containment. London:: Routledge
    [Google Scholar]
  62. Financ. Action Task Force (FATF). 2012.. Recommendations. Publ., Febr. 16 , FATF, Paris:. www.fatf-gafi.org/publications/fatfrecommendations/documents/fatf-recommendations.html, accessed October 30, 2020
    [Google Scholar]
  63. Flandreau M. 2013.. Sovereign states, bondholders committees, and the London Stock Exchange in the nineteenth century (1827–68): new facts and old fictions. . Oxford Rev. Econ. Policy 29:(4):66896
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  64. Flandreau M, Florès J. 2012.. Bondholders versus bondsellers: investment banks and conditionality lending in the London market for foreign government debt, 1815–1913. . Eur. Rev. Econ. Hist. 16:(4):35683
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  65. Foucault M. 2010.. The Birth of Biopolitics: Lectures at the Collège de France, 1978–1979. New York:: Picador
    [Google Scholar]
  66. Gauvain R, d'Urso C, Damais A. 2019.. Rétablir la souveraineté de la France et de l'Europe et protéger nos entreprises des lois et mesures à portée extra-territoriale. Rep., June 26 , Prime Minist., Paris:. https://medias.vie-publique.fr/data_storage_s3/rapport/pdf/194000532.pdf
    [Google Scholar]
  67. Garrett B. 2016.. Too Big to Jail: How Prosecutors Compromise with Corporations. Cambridge, MA:: Belknap
    [Google Scholar]
  68. Giumelli F. 2013.. How EU sanctions work: a new narrative. Chaillot Pap. 129 , Inst. Secur. Stud. https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/resrep06969.1.pdf
    [Google Scholar]
  69. Go J. 2008.. Global fields and imperial forms: field theory and the US and British Empires. . Sociol. Theory 26:(3):20129
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  70. Gordon J. 1999.. A peaceful, silent, deadly remedy: the ethics of economic sanctions. . Ethics Int. Aff. 13::12342
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  71. Gordon J. 2012.. Invisible War: The United States and the Iraq Sanctions. Cambridge, MA:: Harvard Univ. Press. Reprint
    [Google Scholar]
  72. Halberstam D. 2010.. Local, global and plural constitutionalism: Europe meets the world. . In The Worlds of European Constitutionalism, ed. G de Búrca, J Weiler , pp. 150202. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  73. Halberstam D, Stein E. 2009.. The United Nations, the European Union, and the King of Sweden: economic sanctions and individual rights in a plural world order. . Common Market Law Rev. 46:(1):1372
    [Google Scholar]
  74. Halliday TC. 2018.. Plausible folk theories: throwing veils of plausibility over zones of ignorance in global governance. . Br. J. Sociol. 69:(4):93661
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  75. Halliday T, Carruthers B. 2007.. The recursivity of law: global norm making and national lawmaking in the globalization of corporate insolvency regimes. . Am. J. Sociol. 112:(4):1135202
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  76. Halliday TC, Levi M, Reuter P. 2014.. Global surveillance of dirty money: assessing assessments of regimes to control money-laundering and combat the financing of terrorism. Proj. Rep. , Cent. Law Glob., Chicago:. http://www.lexglobal.org/files/Report_Global%20Surveillance%20of%20Dirty%20Money%201.30.2014.pdf
    [Google Scholar]
  77. Halliday TC, Shaffer G. 2015.. Transnational legal orders. . In Transnational Legal Orders, ed. TC Halliday, G Shaffer , pp. 372. Cambridge Stud. Law Soc . Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  78. Harrell P. 2018.. Is the U.S. using sanctions too aggressively? The steps Washington can take to guard against overuse. . Foreign Affairs, Sept. 11. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/2018-09-11/us-using-sanctions-too-aggressively
    [Google Scholar]
  79. Hennette-Vauchez SMK, Klausser N, Roulhac C, Slama S, Souty V. 2018.. Ce que le contentieux administratif révèle de l’état d'urgence. . Cult. Confl. 4:(112):3574
    [Google Scholar]
  80. Hirschl R. 2006.. The new constitutionalism and the judicialization of pure politics worldwide. . Fordham Law Rev. 75:(2):72153
    [Google Scholar]
  81. Hoffmann A. 2024.. Counter-terrorism and human rights at the UN Security Council: Blurring boundaries in a social space. . Global Stud. Q. In press
    [Google Scholar]
  82. Hufbauer G, Schott J, Elliott K. 1990.. Economic Sanctions Reconsidered: History and Current Policy. Washington, DC:: Inst. Int. Econ.
    [Google Scholar]
  83. Johns F. 2016.. Global governance through the pairing of list and algorithm. . Environ. Plann. D 34:(1):12649
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  84. Kentikelenis AE, Babb S. 2019.. The making of neoliberal globalization: norm substitution and the politics of clandestine institutional change. . Am. J. Sociol. 124:(6):172062
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  85. Kingsbury B, Maisley N. 2021.. Infrastructures and laws: publics and publicness. . Annu. Rev. Law Soc. Sci. 17::35373
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  86. Kingsbury B, Merry SE. 2018.. InfraReg Project. . www.iilj.org/infrareg/infrareg-project/
  87. Knight R. 2013.. Britain against Napoleon: The Organization of Victory, 1793–1815. London:: Penguin
    [Google Scholar]
  88. Koskenniemi M. 2006.. Fragmentation of international law: difficulties arising from the diversification and expansion of international law. Rep. Study Group Int. Law Comm., U.N. Doc. A/CN.4/L.682 (April 13)
    [Google Scholar]
  89. Krige J. 2006.. American Hegemony and the Postwar Reconstruction of Science in Europe. Cambridge, MA:: MIT Press
    [Google Scholar]
  90. Krisch N. 2005.. International law in times of hegemony: unequal power and the shaping of the international legal order. . Eur. J. Int. Law 16::369408
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  91. Krisch N. 2014.. The decay of consent: international law in an age of global public goods. . Am. J. Int. Law 108:(1):140
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  92. Kunz DB. 1991.. The Economic Diplomacy of the Suez Crisis. Chapel Hill:: Univ. N.C. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  93. Kurmanaev A, Krauss C. 2019.. U.S. sanctions are aimed at Venezuela's oil. Its citizens may suffer first. . New York Times, Febr. 8. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/08/world/americas/venezuela-sanctions-maduro.html
    [Google Scholar]
  94. Laïdi A. 2019.. Le droit, nouvelle arme de guerre économique. Arles, Fr.:: Actes Sud
    [Google Scholar]
  95. Maduro M. 2003.. Contrapunctual law: Europe's constitutional pluralism in action. . In Sovereignty in Transition, ed. N Walker , pp. 50137. Oxford, UK:: Hart Publ.
    [Google Scholar]
  96. Mallard G. 2014.. Fallout: Nuclear Diplomacy in an Age of Global Fracture. Chicago:: Univ. Chicago Press
    [Google Scholar]
  97. Mallard G. 2018.. Antagonistic recursivities and successive cover-ups: the case of private nuclear proliferation. . Br. J. Sociol. 69:(4):100730
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  98. Mallard G. 2019a.. Governing proliferation finance: multilateralism, transgovernmentalism and hegemony in the case of sanctions against Iran. . In The Oxford Handbook of Institutions of International Economic Governance and Market Regulation, ed. E Brousseau, J-M Glachant, J Sgard . Oxford, UK:: Oxford Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  99. Mallard G. 2019b.. Gift Exchange: The Transnational History of a Political Idea. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  100. Mallard G, Hanson A. 2021.. Embedded extra-territoriality: US judicial litigation and the global banking surveillance of digital money flows. . In Research Handbook on Unilateral and Extraterritorial Sanctions, ed. C Beaucillon , pp. 26986. Cheltenham, UK:: Edward Elgar Publ.
    [Google Scholar]
  101. Mallard G, Niederberger A. 2021.. Targeting bad apples or the whole barrel: legal entanglements between targeted and comprehensive logics in counter-proliferation sanctions. . In Entangled Legalities Beyond the State, ed. N Krisch , pp. 22959. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  102. Mallard G, Sabet F, Sun J. 2020.. The humanitarian gap in the global sanctions regime: assessing causes, effects and solutions. . Glob. Gov. 26:(1):12153
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  103. Mallard G, Sgard J. 2016.. Contractual Knowledge: One Hundred Years of Legal Experimentation in Global Markets. Cambridge Stud. Law Soc . Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  104. Mallard G, Sun J. 2022.. Viral governance: how the US unilateral sanctions against Iran changed the rules of financial capitalism. . Am. J. Sociol. 128:(1):14488
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  105. Marzagalli S. 2022.. Napoleonic wars and economic imperialism. . In The Cambridge History of the Napoleonic Wars, Vol. 1, ed. M Broers, P Dwyer , pp. 23252. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  106. Mastanduno M. 1992.. Economic Containment: CoCom and the Politics of East-West Trade. Ithaca, NY:: Cornell Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  107. Maurer B. 2005.. Due diligence and “reasonable man,” offshore. . Cult. Anthropol. 20:(4):474505
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  108. McDowall A. 2018.. Long reach of U.S. sanctions hits Syria reconstruction. . Reuters, Sept. 6. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-sanctions-idUSKCN1LI06Z
    [Google Scholar]
  109. Mehrpouya A, Djelic ML. 2015.. Transparency: from enlightenment to neo-liberalism. HEC Res. Pap. Ser. 1059 , HEC Paris, Paris:
    [Google Scholar]
  110. Merry SE. 2011.. Measuring the world: indicators, human rights, and global governance. . Curr. Anthropol. 52:(S3):8395
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  111. Miller NL. 2014.. The secret success of nonproliferation sanctions. . Int. Organ. 68:(4):91344
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  112. Mitchell T. 2002.. Rule of Experts: Egypt, Techno-Politics, Modernity. Berkeley:: Univ. Calif. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  113. Mitsilegas V, Gilmore B. 2007.. The EU legislative framework against money laundering and terrorist finance: a critical analysis in the light of evolving global standards. . Int. Comp. Law Q. 56:(1):11940
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  114. Moore D. 2001.. Is the post- in postcolonial the post- in post-Soviet? Toward a global postcolonial critique. . PMLA 116:(1):11128
    [Google Scholar]
  115. Moret ES. 2015.. Humanitarian impacts of economic sanctions on Iran and Syria. . Eur. Secur. 24:(1):12040
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  116. Moret ES. 2021.. Unilateral and extraterritorial sanctions in crisis: implications of their rising use and misuse in contemporary world politics. . In Research Handbook on Unilateral and Extraterritorial Sanctions, ed. C Beaucillon , pp. 1936. Cheltenham, UK:: Edward Elgar Publ.
    [Google Scholar]
  117. Morse J. 2019.. Blacklists, market enforcement, and the global regime to combat terrorist financing. . Int. Organ. 73:(1):51145
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  118. Mousavian H. 2014.. The solution to the Iranian nuclear crisis. . Glob. Gov. 20:(4):42945
    [Google Scholar]
  119. Mueller J, Mueller K. 1999.. Sanctions of mass destruction. . Foreign Aff. 78:(3):4353
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  120. Mulder N. 2022.. The Economic Weapon: The Rise of Sanctions as a Tool of Modern War. New Haven, CT:: Yale Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  121. Naylor T. 2008.. Patriots and Profiteers: Economic Warfare, Embargo Busting and State-Sponsored Crime. Montreal, Can:.: McGill-Queen's Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  122. Nephew R. 2017.. The Art of Sanctions: A View from the Field. New York:: Columbia Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  123. Niederberger A. 2018.. Investigative ignorance in international investigations: how United Nations panels of experts create new relations of power by seeking information. . Br. J. Sociol. 69::9841006
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  124. Niederberger A. 2020.. Independent experts with political mandates: ‘role distance’ in the production of political knowledge. . Eur. J. Int. Secur. 5:(3):35071
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  125. Noble SU. 2018.. Algorithms of Oppression: How Search Engines Reinforce Racism. New York:: NYU Press
    [Google Scholar]
  126. Off. Foreign Assets Control. 2023.. Sanctions programs and country information. https://ofac.treasury.gov/sanctions-programs-and-country-information
    [Google Scholar]
  127. Pape R. 1997.. Why economic sanctions do not work. . Int. Secur. 22:(2):90136
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  128. Parsi T. 2017.. Losing an Enemy: Obama, Iran, and the Triumph of Diplomacy. New Haven, CT:: Yale Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  129. Pasquale F. 2015.. The Black Box Society. Cambridge, MA:: Harvard Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  130. Pavoni R. 1999.. UN sanctions in EU and national law: the Centro-Com case. . Int. Comp. Law Q. 48:(3):582612
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  131. Pierucci F. 2019.. The American Trap: My Battle to Expose America's Secret Economic War Against the Rest of The World. London:: Hodder & Stoughton
    [Google Scholar]
  132. Portela C. 2009.. National implementation of United Nations sanctions: towards fragmentation. . Int. J. 65:(1):1330
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  133. Pouponneau F. 2013.. Les dynamiques de l'Union Européenne dans le système internationale. . Polit. Eur. 41:(3):11842
    [Google Scholar]
  134. Prak M, van Zanden JL. 2022.. Pioneers of Capitalism: The Netherlands 1000–1800. Princeton, NJ:: Princeton Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  135. Reich J. 2008.. Due process and sanctions targeted at individuals pursuant to Resolution 1297 1999. . Yale J. Int. Law 33:(2):50511
    [Google Scholar]
  136. Reisman W, Stevick D. 1998.. The applicability of international law standards to United Nations economic sanctions programmes. . Eur. J. Int. Law 9::86141
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  137. Riles A. 2010.. Collateral expertise: legal knowledge in the global financial markets. . Curr. Anthropol. 51:(6):795818
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  138. Saada E. 2003.. Citoyens et sujets de l'Empire français: Les usages du droit en situation coloniale. . Genèses 53:(4):424
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  139. Scheppele KL. 2007.. The migration of anti-constitutional ideas: the post-9/11 globalization of public law and the international state of emergency. . In The Migration of Constitutional Ideas, ed. S Choudhry , pp. 34773. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  140. Serrano M, Kenny P. 2003.. The international regulation of money laundering. . Glob. Gov. 9:(4):43339
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  141. Shaffer G. 2021.. Emerging Powers and the World Trading System: The Past and Future of International Economic Law. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  142. Shaffer G, Waibel M. 2016.. The rise and fall of trade and monetary legal orders: from the interwar period to today's global imbalances. . In Contractual Knowledge: One Hundred Years of Legal Experimentation in Global Markets, ed. G Mallard, J Sgard , pp. 289324. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  143. Solingen E. 2012.. Sanctions, Statecraft, and Nuclear Proliferation. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  144. Steinmetz G. 2023.. The Colonial Origins of Modern Social Thought: French Sociology and the Overseas Empire. Princeton, NJ:: Princeton Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  145. Sullivan G. 2020.. The Law of the List: UN Counterterrorism Sanctions and the Politics of Global Security Law. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  146. Sullivan G, de Goede M. 2013.. Between law and the exception: the UN 1267 Ombudsperson as a hybrid model of legal expertise. . Leiden J. Int. Law 26:(4):83354
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  147. Sun J. 2021.. International bank settlement in China (incl. Hong Kong and Macau) and unilateral sanctions related disputes: sources, remedies and procedures. . In Research Handbook on Unilateral and Extraterritorial Sanctions, ed. C Beaucillon , pp. 32341. Cheltenham, UK:: Edward Elgar Publ.
    [Google Scholar]
  148. Sun J. 2024.. Non-compliance and nuclear disarmament—the Iran nuclear deal. . In International Courts versus Non-Compliance Mechanisms: Comparative Advantages in Strengthening Treaty Implementation, ed. C Voigt, C Foster , pp. 42041. Cambridge, UK:: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  149. Thucydides. 1972.. History of the Peloponnesian War. Harmondsworth, UK:: Penguin
    [Google Scholar]
  150. Tooze A. 2008.. The Wages of Destruction: The Making and Breaking of the Nazi Economy. New York:: Penguin
    [Google Scholar]
  151. Vauchez A, de Witte B, eds. 2013.. Lawyering Europe: European Law as a Transnational Social Field. Oxford, UK:: Hart Publ.
    [Google Scholar]
  152. Verdier P-Y. 2019.. The new financial extraterritoriality. . George Washington Law Rev. 87:(2):239314
    [Google Scholar]
  153. Verdier P-Y. 2020.. Global Banks on Trial: US Prosecutions and the Remaking of International Finance. New York:: Oxford Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  154. Wallensteen P, Grusell H. 2012.. Targeting the right targets: the UN use of individual sanctions. . Glob. Gov. 18::20730
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  155. Weiss G, Cortright D, Lopez GA, Minear L. 1998.. Political Gain and Civilian Pain: Humanitarian Impacts of Economic Sanctions. Lanham, MD:: Rowman & Littlefield
    [Google Scholar]
  156. Weschler J. 2009.. The evolution of security council innovations in sanctions. . Int. J. 65:(1):3143
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  157. Wintour P. 2022.. West wavers on Ukraine proposals to seize Russian assets as reparations. . Guardian, Sept. 18. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/sep/18/west-wavers-on-ukraine-proposals-to-seize-russian-assets-as-reparations, accessed July 26, 2023
    [Google Scholar]
  158. Wood RM. 2008.. “ A hand upon the throat of the nation”: economic sanctions and state repression, 1976–2001. . Int. Stud. Q. 52:(3):489513
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  159. World Bank. 2015.. Report on the G20 survey in de-risking activities in the remittance market. Work. Pap. 101071 , World Bank, Washington, DC:. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/679881467993185572/Report-on-the-G20+-survey-in-de-risking-activities-in-the-remittance-market
    [Google Scholar]
  160. [Google Scholar]
  161. Yildiz E. 2020.. Nested (in)securities: commodity and currency circuits in an Iran under sanctions. . Cult. Anthropol. 35:(2):21824
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  162. Yildiz E. 2021.. Of nuclear rials and golden shoes: scaling commodities and currencies across sanctions on Iran. . Int. J. Middle East Stud. ( 53:(4):60419
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  163. Zarate JC. 2013.. Treasury's War: The Unleashing of a New Era of Financial Warfare. New York:: Public Aff.
    [Google Scholar]
  164. Ziewitz M. 2016.. Governing algorithms: myth, mess, and methods. . Sci. Technol. Hum. Values 41::316
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  165. Zuboff S. 2019.. The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power. New York:: Public Aff. Rule of Experts: Egypt, Techno-Politics, Modernity
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-042022-111630
Loading
  • Article Type: Review Article
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error