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Annual Review of Microbiology

Volume 78, 2024

Periplasmic Chaperones: Outer Membrane Biogenesis and Envelope Stress

  • Ashton N. Combs1 and Thomas J. Silhavy1
  • Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; email: [email protected]
  • Vol. 78:191-211 (Volume publication date November 2024)
  • First published as a Review in Advance on July 15, 2024
  • Copyright © 2024 by the author(s).
    This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See credit lines of images or other third-party material in this article for license information.

Abstract

Envelope biogenesis and homeostasis in gram-negative bacteria are exceptionally intricate processes that require a multitude of periplasmic chaperones to ensure cellular survival. Remarkably, these chaperones perform diverse yet specialized functions entirely in the absence of external energy such as ATP, and as such have evolved sophisticated mechanisms by which their activities are regulated. In this article, we provide an overview of the predominant periplasmic chaperones that enable efficient outer membrane biogenesis and envelope homeostasis in . We also discuss stress responses that act to combat unfolded protein stress within the cell envelope, highlighting the periplasmic chaperones involved and the mechanisms by which envelope homeostasis is restored.

Keyword(s): envelope stress responses, gram-negative cell envelope, outer membrane protein biogenesis, periplasm, periplasmic chaperones, periplasmic proteases
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2024-11-20
2025-06-16
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Periplasmic Chaperones: Outer Membrane Biogenesis and Envelope Stress
Annual Review of Microbiology 78, 191 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-102901
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