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Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease

Volume 20, 2025

Choroid Plexus Pathophysiology

  • Ya'el Courtney1,2, Alexandra Hochstetler2,3 and Maria K. Lehtinen1,2
  • 1Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 2Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; email: [email protected] 3Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
  • Vol. 20:193-220 (Volume publication date January 2025)
  • First published as a Review in Advance on October 09, 2024
  • Copyright © 2025 by the author(s).
    This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See credit lines of images or other third-party material in this article for license information.

Abstract

This review examines the roles of the choroid plexus (ChP) in central nervous system (CNS) pathology, emphasizing its involvement in disease mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Structural changes in the human ChP have been reported across various diseases in case reports and descriptive work, but studies have yet to pin down the physiological relevance of these changes. We highlight primary pathologies of the ChP, as well as their significance in neurologic disorders, including stroke, hydrocephalus, infectious diseases, and neurodegeneration. Synthesizing recent research, this review positions the ChP as a critical player in CNS homeostasis and pathology, advocating for enhanced focus on its mechanisms to unlock new diagnostic and treatment strategies and ultimately improve patient outcomes in CNS diseases. Whether acting as a principal driver of disease, a gateway for pathogens into the CNS, or an orchestrator of neuroimmune processes, the ChP holds tremendous promise as a therapeutic target to attenuate a multitude of CNS conditions.

Keyword(s): blood–brain barrier, brain disease, cerebrospinal fluid, choroid plexus neoplasm, hydrocephalus, neuroimmunomodulation
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2025-01-24
2025-06-17
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Choroid Plexus Pathophysiology
Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease 20, 193 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-051222-114051
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