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Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease

Volume 20, 2025

Contributions of Inflammation to Cardiometabolic Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Abstract

The most common form of heart failure is heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). While heterogeneous in origin, the most common form of HFpEF is the cardiometabolic manifestation. Obesity and aging promote systemic inflammation that appears integral to cardiometabolic HFpEF pathophysiology. Accumulation of immune cells within the heart, fueled by an altered metabolome, contribute to cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. In spite of this, broad anti-inflammatory therapy has not shown significant benefit in patient outcomes. Thus, understanding of the nuances to metabolic and age-related inflammation during HFpEF is paramount for more targeted interventions. Here, we review clinical evidence of inflammation in the context of HFpEF and summarize our mechanistic understanding of immunometabolic inflammation, highlighting pathways of therapeutic potential along the way.

Keyword(s): aging, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, HFpEF, inflammation, metabolism
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-111523-023405
2025-01-24
2025-04-18
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Contributions of Inflammation to Cardiometabolic Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease 20, 143 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-111523-023405
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-111523-023405
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-111523-023405
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  • Article Type: Review Article

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