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Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology

Volume 62, 2022

Non-P450 Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes: Contribution to Drug Disposition, Toxicity, and Development

Abstract

Most clinically used drugs are metabolized in the body via oxidation, reduction, or hydrolysis reactions, which are considered phase I reactions. Cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes, which primarily catalyze oxidation reactions, contribute to the metabolism of over 50% of clinically used drugs. In the last few decades, the function and regulation of P450s have been extensively studied, whereas the characterization of non-P450 phase I enzymes is still incomplete. Recent studies suggest that approximately 30% of drug metabolism is carried out by non-P450 enzymes. This review summarizes current knowledge of non-P450 phase I enzymes, focusing on their roles in controlling drug efficacy and adverse reactions as an important aspect of drug development.

Keyword(s): drug development, hydrolysis, non-P450 enzymes, oxidation, phase I metabolism, reduction
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052220-105907
2022-01-06
2025-04-24
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052220-105907
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Non-P450 Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes: Contribution to Drug Disposition, Toxicity, and Development
Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology 62, 405 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052220-105907
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052220-105907
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052220-105907
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