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Annual Review of Physiology

Volume 87, 2025

Sex, Gender, and COPD

  • Dawn L. DeMeo1
  • Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; email: [email protected]
  • Vol. 87:471-490 (Volume publication date February 2025)
  • First published as a Review in Advance on November 25, 2024
  • Copyright © 2025 by the author(s).
    This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See credit lines of images or other third-party material in this article for license information.

Abstract

Sex and gender have emerged as critical considerations relevant to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Sex differences in lung development and physiologic response to hormones and environmental exposures influence COPD susceptibility, progression, severity, morbidity, and mortality. Gender has been poorly measured in the context of COPD, and gendered exposures further impact biology. The hormonal milieu is critical to study across the life course. Differences in immunity and inflammation likely impact sex- and gender-related features of COPD. Emerging evidence from multiple types of omics data is revealing new genes and pathways to consider as relevant to sex- and gender-divergent features of COPD. Much research to date has focused on autosomes, but the growing awareness of a role for allosomes is highlighting knowledge gaps. Reproductive aging impacts lung function and requires more investigation. Network medicine holds promise as an approach to sex and gender omics to uncover drivers of COPD in men and women.

Keyword(s): chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD, gender, hormones, network medicine, sex
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2025-02-10
2025-06-14
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-014322
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Sex, Gender, and COPD
Annual Review of Physiology 87, 471 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-014322
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-014322
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-014322
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