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Annual Review of Public Health

Volume 46, 2025

Adapting Public Health and Health Services Interventions in Diverse, Real-World Settings: Documentation and Iterative Guidance of Adaptations

  • Borsika A. Rabin1,2,3,4, Kelli L. Cain1 and Russell E. Glasgow3,4
  • 1Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA; email: [email protected] 2Dissemination and Implementation Science Center, Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA 3Dissemination and Implementation Science Program, Adult and Child Center for Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA 4Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
  • Vol. 46:111-131 (Volume publication date April 2025)
  • First published as a Review in Advance on December 10, 2024
  • Copyright © 2025 by the author(s).
    This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See credit lines of images or other third-party material in this article for license information.

Abstract

When complex public health and health services interventions are implemented in real-world settings, adaptations should be expected, embraced, and studied rather than suppressed and ignored. A substantial amount of recent research has been conducted on the assessment of some types of adaptations, and interest in guiding adaptations to both interventions and implementation strategies is growing. However, there is still a need to investigate the optimal ways to systematically and pragmatically document, analyze, and iteratively guide adaptations as well as to measure the impact of those adaptations on implementation and effectiveness outcomes. This article reviews key findings from the adaptations assessment literature, frameworks to guide classification of adaptations, and methodologies to study adaptations and their impact. We summarize research from diverse settings and populations from public health and health services research on the use of these methodologies and make recommendations for research and practice.

Keyword(s): adaptation, assessment, context, implementation science, implementation strategy, iteration
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2025-04-04
2025-06-15
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Adapting Public Health and Health Services Interventions in Diverse, Real-World Settings: Documentation and Iterative Guidance of Adaptations
Annual Review of Public Health 46, 111 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-071321-041652
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-071321-041652
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-071321-041652
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