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Annual Review of Public Health

Volume 46, 2025

Breaking Barriers with Data Equity: The Essential Role of Data Disaggregation in Achieving Health Equity

  • Ninez A. Ponce1,2, Tara Becker1 and Riti Shimkhada1
  • 1Center for Health Policy Research, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA; email: [email protected] 2Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
  • Vol. 46:21-42 (Volume publication date April 2025)
  • First published as a Review in Advance on January 30, 2025
  • Copyright © 2025 by the author(s).
    This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See credit lines of images or other third-party material in this article for license information.

Abstract

Achieving health equity necessitates high-quality data to address disparities that have remained stagnant or even worsened over time despite public health interventions. Data disaggregation, the breakdown of data into detailed subcategories, is crucial in health equity research. It reveals and contextualizes hidden trends and patterns about marginalized populations and guides resource allocation and program development for specific needs in these populations. Data disaggregation underpins data equity, which uses community engagement to democratize data and develop better solutions for communities. Years of research on disaggregation show that researchers must collaborate closely with communities for adequate representation. However, despite generally positive support for this approach in health disparities research, data disaggregation faces methodological and political challenges. This review offers a framework for understanding data disaggregation in the context of data equity and highlights critical aspects of implementation, including challenges, opportunities, and recent policy and community-based efforts to address hurdles.

Keyword(s): data disaggregation, data equity, health disparities, health equity, race and ethnicity
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2025-04-04
2025-06-22
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-072523-093838
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Breaking Barriers with Data Equity: The Essential Role of Data Disaggregation in Achieving Health Equity
Annual Review of Public Health 46, 21 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-072523-093838
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-072523-093838
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-072523-093838
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