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Annual Review of Plant Biology

Volume 69, 2018

Nitrate Transport, Signaling, and Use Efficiency

Abstract

Nitrogen accounts for approximately 60% of the fertilizer consumed each year; thus, it represents one of the major input costs for most nonlegume crops. Nitrate is one of the two major forms of nitrogen that plants acquire from the soil. Mechanistic insights into nitrate transport and signaling have enabled new strategies for enhancing nitrogen utilization efficiency, for lowering input costs for farming, and, more importantly, for alleviating environmental impacts (e.g., eutrophication and production of the greenhouse gas NO). Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in understanding how nitrate is acquired from the surroundings, how it is efficiently distributed into different plant tissues in response to environmental changes, how nitrate signaling is perceived and transmitted, and how shoot and root nitrogen status is communicated. Several key components of these processes have proven to be novel tools for enhancing nitrate- and nitrogen-use efficiency. In this review, we focus on the roles of NRT1 and NRT2 in nitrate uptake and nitrate allocation among different tissues; we describe the functions of the transceptor NRT1.1, transcription factors, and small signaling peptides in nitrate signaling and tissue communication; and we compile the new strategies for improving nitrogen-use efficiency.

Keyword(s): nitrate signaling, nitrate transporter, nitrogen-use efficiency, NPF, NRT1, NRT2, NUE, transceptor
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-arplant-042817-040056
2018-04-29
2024-04-20
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Nitrate Transport, Signaling, and Use Efficiency
Annual Review of Plant Biology 69, 85 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-042817-040056
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-arplant-042817-040056
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