Rheology of Non-Brownian Suspensions

Figure 1: Life cycle design, in which different design approaches cover different parts of the life cycle, while considering multiple environmental impacts.

Figure 2: System boundaries in life cycle assessment. Ideally, all processes are included in a so-called cradle-to-grave boundary. The system boundary can further be divided into foreground and backgr...

Figure 3: Integration of life cycle assessment (LCA) and process design ranges over various levels, from (a) evaluation of fixed process structures by LCA in process selection to (b) integrated feedba...

Figure 4: System boundaries for supply chain management and the integration of market-mediated effects. Typical system boundaries in supply chain management include forward supply chain, reverse suppl...

Figure 1: Current approaches to skin tissue engineering. One approach consists of placing a biodegradable matrix in the wound to promote the regeneration of the skin dermis through a process of host c...

Figure 2: Critical issues in cartilage tissue engineering. The most advanced tissue-engineered cartilage constructs consist of matrices seeded with chondrocytes, although both have been used separatel...

Figure 3: Tissue-engineered liver produced by seeding a decellularized liver matrix in a rat model. (a) Recellularization scheme. (b) Decellularized whole liver matrix and (c) the same liver after rec...

Figure 4: In vitro and in vivo stem cell differentiation and development. (a) Stem cells are often cultured in the form of aggregates called embryoid bodies that eventually differentiate into multiple...

Figure 1: Genome engineering tools. (a) Meganuclease family of specific nucleases (pictured I-SceI). (b) Zinc finger proteins with 3–base pair (bp) recognition by each domain. (c) Transcription activa...

Figure 2: Methods of genome editing. (a) Homology-directed repair (HDR): a template with homology arms to the cut site is provided, which mediates HDR. (b) Nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) repair lead...

Figure 3: Gene delivery barriers. Systemic administration of genome engineering tools requires blood/serum stability, extravasation into the target tissue, cellular uptake, endosomal escape, and f...

Figure 4: Nonviral delivery vectors for genome engineering. (a) Notable liposome-based gene delivery materials that have a hydrophilic cationic head group (DOTMA or DOTAP) or neutral head group (DOPE)...

Figure 5: Viral vectors for genome engineering. (a) Adeno-associated virus has a 4.7-kb packaging capacity, is replication deficient, and has very low rates of integration. (b) Adenovirus has a packag...

Figure 6: Preclinical or clinical success in genome engineering. (a) Homology-directed repair (HDR) in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can correct numerous disorders associated with the hematopoietic ...

Figure 1: Therapeutic band showing the impact of burst release, pulsatile release, and controlled release relative to effective concentration and toxic concentration.

Figure 2: Schematic representation of the diffusional boundaries on a microvillus to draining capillary networks and lacteals.

Figure 3: Illustrative examples of responsive behavior. (a) Coil-to-globule transition of linear polymer chains in solution. (b) Responsive swelling/deswelling of a surface-grafted cross-linked hydrog...

Figure 1: CO2 density versus depth diagram for typical subsurface conditions in the North Sea. The black line is the density function at the Sleipner location assuming a geothermal gradient of 35°C/km...

Figure 2: Sketch of flow processes and flow regimes for CO2 injection into an idealized storage unit (figure modified from Reference 30).

Figure 3: Trapping of CO2 at high saturations upstream of a zone of high capillary entry pressure in an otherwise permeable sandstone rock. Heterogeneities in the form of low-permeability layers lead ...

Figure 4: Simulations of CO2 injected into reservoirs that are heterogeneous and homogeneous, respectively, in their capillary pressure characteristics, but otherwise share the same average properties...

Figure 5: Example reservoir simulation models of the Sleipner storage site with estimated ranges in forecasts for the dissolved fraction. (a) Simulated dissolved fraction for the historical period: Th...

Figure 6: Pressure gradients around an injection well, with possible effects of near-wellbore damage or pore clogging, and possible longer-term trends in the far-field pressure. A simple form of equat...

Figure 7: (a) Example cross-section through a geological model of the Smeaheia storage prospects (WNW-ESE section through the Gamma structural closure), with white arrows indicating the main pressure ...

Figure 8: Illustration of the challenges in detecting thin layers with unknown CO2 saturation from seismic data. (a) A wedge model of a CO2 layer with varying thickness and saturation, showing that am...

Figure 9: Characteristics of a continental CCS cluster with well build-out rates based on the historic Norway well database. Cumulative CO2 estimate is based on empirical well data with mean (bold lin...