Annual Review of Medicine
Vol. 44:145-154 (Volume publication date February 1993)
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.me.44.020193.001045
M E P Seligman
Vol. 23, 1972
Robert H. Vonderheide
Vol. 71, 2020
CD40 is a cell-surface member of the TNF (tumor necrosis factor) receptor superfamily. Upon activation, CD40 can license dendritic cells to promote antitumor T cell activation and re-educate macrophages to destroy tumor stroma. Numerous agonist CD40 ...Read More
Willem W. Overwijk, Mary A. Tagliaferri, and Jonathan Zalevsky
Vol. 72, 2021
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is integral to immune system regulation. Its opposing immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive actions make it an attractive therapeutic target for cancer and autoimmune diseases. A challenge in developing IL-2-directed anticancer ...Read More
Figure 1: The role of IL-2 in the immune response. IL-2 signaling is mediated by different IL-2R configurations that are expressed by different immune cells. The high-affinity IL-2 receptor, IL-2Rαβγc...
Figure 2: Mechanism of action of IL-2 agents for the treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases. (a) Cancer can be treated using agents that target the intermediate-affinity IL-2Rβγc receptor that is...
Anna Zuk and Joseph V. Bonventre
Vol. 67, 2016
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a global public health concern associated with high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Other than dialysis, no therapeutic interventions reliably improve survival, limit injury, or speed recovery. Despite recognized ...Read More
Figure 1: Schematic illustration of the cross-talk between the unfolded protein response (UPR), mitochondria, autophagy, and inflammatory and cell death pathways. In response to cellular stress, unfol...
Figure 2: Maladaptive repair following acute kidney injury (AKI) leads to chronic kidney disease (CKD). In response to acute injury, there is activation of cellular stress responses, cell death pathwa...
Stuart A. Cook and Sebastian Schafer
Vol. 71, 2020
Interleukin (IL)-11 is upregulated in a wide variety of fibro-inflammatory diseases such as systemic sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, pulmonary fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease, kidney disease, drug-induced liver injury, and nonalcoholic ...Read More
Figure 1: IL-11 is secreted from polarized cells or fibroblasts in response to injury and has autocrine and paracrine action. In polarized cells, IL-11 causes cellular dysfunction and can initiate apo...
