Annual Review of Psychology
Vol. 33:87-101 (Volume publication date February 1982)
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ps.33.020182.000511
Eleanor E. Maccoby
Vol. 51, 2000
There is clear evidence that parents can and do influence children. There is equally clear evidence that children’s genetic makeup affects their own behavioral characteristics, and also influences the way they are treated by their parents. Twin and ...Read More
Jennifer S. Lerner, Ye Li, Piercarlo Valdesolo, Karim S. Kassam
Vol. 66, 2015
A revolution in the science of emotion has emerged in recent decades, with the potential to create a paradigm shift in decision theories. The research reveals that emotions constitute potent, pervasive, predictable, sometimes harmful and sometimes ...Read More
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Figure 1: Number of scholarly publications from 1970 to 2013 that refer to “emotion(s)/affect/mood and decision making” (green bars) and proportion of all scholarly publications referring to “decision...
Figure 2: Toward a general model of affective influences on decision making: the emotion-imbued choice model.
Adele Diamond
Vol. 64, 2013
Executive functions (EFs) make possible mentally playing with ideas; taking the time to think before acting; meeting novel, unanticipated challenges; resisting temptations; and staying focused. Core EFs are inhibition [response inhibition (self-control—...Read More
Figure 1: Passive-dissipation model showing how delay can improve performance on inhibitory tasks (from Simpson et al. 2011).
Figure 2: At every age studied, children were slower and less accurate on the congruent block than on the incongruent block. That effect is completely absent in adults, who are as fast and as accurate...
Figure 3: Comparison of the mixed conditions of the Dots (now called Hearts and Flowers) and Simon tasks in percentage of correct responses (based on Davidson et al. 2006).
Figure 4: Executive functions and related terms.
Alan Baddeley
Vol. 63, 2012
I present an account of the origins and development of the multicomponent approach to working memory, making a distinction between the overall theoretical framework, which has remained relatively stable, and the attempts to build more specific models ...Read More
Figure 1: The original Baddeley & Hitch (1974) working memory model.
Figure 2: A modification of the original model to take account of the evidence of links between working memory and long-term memory (LTM).
Figure 3: The model following the introduction of a fourth component, the episodic buffer, a system for integrating information from a range of sources into a multidimensional code (Baddeley 2000).
Figure 4: My current view of the complex and multiple links between working memory (WM) and long-term memory (LTM).
Figure 5: A speculative view of the flow of information from perception to working memory. VSSP, visuo-spatial sketchpad.
Janet Metcalfe
Vol. 68, 2017
Although error avoidance during learning appears to be the rule in American classrooms, laboratory studies suggest that it may be a counterproductive strategy, at least for neurologically typical students. Experimental investigations indicate that ...Read More
Figure 1: Proportion of correct responses following error-generating and error-free study. Figure adapted with permission from Kornell et al. (2009).
Figure 2: Event-related potentials (ERPs) synchronized to the onset of corrective feedback given to high- and low-confidence errors made by young adults and older adults. The ERP tracings show a promi...
Figure 3: Contrast map of high-confidence errors versus low-confidence errors. Red areas were more active for high-confidence errors, and green areas were more active for low-confidence errors; both a...
