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Annual Review of Biochemistry

Volume 89, 2020

HLAs, TCRs, and KIRs, a Triumvirate of Human Cell-Mediated Immunity

Abstract

In all human cells, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I glycoproteins assemble with a peptide and take it to the cell surface for surveillance by lymphocytes. These include natural killer (NK) cells and γδ T cells of innate immunity and αβ T cells of adaptive immunity. In healthy cells, the presented peptides derive from human proteins, to which lymphocytes are tolerant. In pathogen-infected cells, HLA class I expression is perturbed. Reduced HLA class I expression is detected by KIR and CD94:NKG2A receptors of NK cells. Almost any change in peptide presentation can be detected by αβ CD8+ T cells. In responding to extracellular pathogens, HLA class II glycoproteins, expressed by specialized antigen-presenting cells, present peptides to αβ CD4+ T cells. In comparison to the families of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, MHC class II and αβ T cell receptors, the antigenic specificity of the γδ T cell receptors is incompletely understood.

Keyword(s): haplotype, HLA, KIR, lymphocyte, polymorphism, TCR
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2020-06-20
2024-04-18
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-biochem-011520-102754
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HLAs, TCRs, and KIRs, a Triumvirate of Human Cell-Mediated Immunity
Annual Review of Biochemistry 89, 717 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-011520-102754
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-biochem-011520-102754
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-biochem-011520-102754
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