1932

Abstract

In the last few decades, the study of law and religion has undergone considerable reconstruction. Less and less constrained by modern statist construals of rights talk or tied to confessional contexts, the comparative study of the intersection of law and religion by anthropologists, historians, sociologists, and religious studies scholars is undergoing a real renaissance. Exciting new work explores the entanglement of legal and religious ideas, institutions, and material objects across the entire space and time of human history. This article models an engagement between the academic study of religion and sociolegal scholarship by introducing scholars in both fields to contemporary debates in the study of law and religion. These debates examine how and when state law persists as a meaningful arena of contestation; the role of indigenous elites and arrangements of legal pluralism in colonial contexts; and new approaches to economy, race, and sovereignty and citizenship. By mobilizing an understanding of law that does not take for granted the state's alleged monopoly on generating and regulating legal normativity, the article argues that holding law and religion in abeyance as normative traditions invites a far more expansive imaging of these universals in their singularity, in their copresence, and as overlapping domains.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-020520-022638
2020-10-13
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/lawsocsci/16/1/annurev-lawsocsci-020520-022638.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-020520-022638&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

Literature Cited

  1. Agamben G. 2011. The Kingdom and the Glory: For a Theological Genealogy of Economy and Government, transl. L Chiesa (with M. Matarini) Palo Alto, CA: Stanford Univ. Press (from Italian)
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Agrama H. 2012. Questioning Secularism: Islam, Sovereignty, and the Rule of Law in Modern Egypt Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  3. Ahmed F. 2015. Religious Freedom under the Personal Law System Oxford, UK: Oxford Univ. Press
  4. Amien W. 2006. Overcoming the conflict between the right to freedom of religion and women's rights to equality: a South African case study of Muslim marriages. Hum. Rights Q. 28:729–54
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Anderson JND. 1954. The Sharī‘a and civil law: the debt owed by the new civil codes of Egypt and Syria to the Sharī‘a. Islam. Q. 1:29–46
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Anderson M. 1989. Islamic law and the colonial encounter in British India. Islamic Family Law C Mallat, J Connors 205–23 London: Graham & Trotman
    [Google Scholar]
  7. An-Na‘im AA. 2010. Islam and the Secular State: Negotiating the Future of Shari'a Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
  8. Arato A, Cohen JL, Busket AV 2018. Forms of Pluralism and Democratic Constitutionalism New York: Columbia Univ. Press
  9. Asad T. 1993. Genealogies of Religion: Discipline and Reasons of Power in Christianity and Islam Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press
  10. Asad T. 2003. Formations of the Secular: Christianity, Islam, Modernity Palo Alto, CA: Stanford Univ. Press
  11. Ashe M. 2006. Beyond Nomos and narrative: unconverted antinomianism in the work of Susan Howe. Yale J. Law Fem. 18:5–59
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Bâli A, Lerner H 2017. Constitution Writing, Religion and Democracy Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  13. Barkan J. 2013. Corporate Sovereignty: Law and Government under Capitalism Minneapolis: Univ. Minn. Press
  14. Barker J. 2011. Native Acts: Law, Recognition, and Cultural Authenticity Durham, NC: Duke Univ. Press
  15. Barker J 2017. Critically Sovereign: Indigenous Gender, Sexuality, and Feminist Studies Durham, NC: Duke Univ. Press
  16. Bartel R, Hulsether L 2019. Classifying capital: a roundtable. J. Am. Acad. Relig. 87:581–661
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Bassiouni MC 1982. The Islamic Criminal Justice System London: Oceana
  18. Bassiouni MC, Badr GM. 2002. The Shari'ah: sources, interpretation and rule-making. UCLA J. Islam. Near East. Law 1:135–81
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Batnitsky L, Brafman Y 2018. Jewish Legal Theories Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  20. Benton L. 2002. Law and Colonial Legal Cultures: Legal Regimes in World History Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  21. Berger B. 2015. Law's Religion Toronto, Can.: Univ. Tor. Press
  22. Berger P 1999. The Desecularization of the World: Resurgent Religion in World Politics Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans
  23. Berman H. 1983. Law and Revolution: The Formation of the Western Legal Tradition Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
  24. Borrows J. 2010. Drawing Out Law: A Spirit's Guide Toronto, Can.: Univ. Tor. Press
  25. Bowen JR. 2003. Islam, Law, and Equality in Indonesia: An Anthropology of Public Reasoning Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  26. Brown NJ, Revkin M. 2018. Islamic law and constitutions. Oxford Handbook of Islamic Law AM Emon, R Ahmed 779–818 Oxford, UK: Oxford Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Caldwell M. 2020. Sacred spaces and civic action: topographies of pluralism in Russia. Relig. Soc. 10:1111–29
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Calhoun C, Juergensmeyer M, VanAntwerpen J 2011. Rethinking Secularism New York: Oxford Univ. Press
  29. Carter J. 2013. Paratheological blackness. South Atl. Q. 112:4589–611
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Casanova J. 1994. Public Religions in the Modern World Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  31. Cattelino J. 2007. High Stakes: Florida Seminole Gaming and Sovereignty Durham, NC: Duke Univ. Press
  32. Cavanaugh W. 2011. Migrations of the Holy: God, State, and the Political Meaning of the Church Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans
  33. Chanock M. 1985. Law, Custom and Social Order: The Colonial Experience in Malawi and Zambia Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  34. Chatterjee N. 2010. English law, Brahmo marriage, and the problem of religious difference: civil marriage laws in Britain and India. Comp. Stud. Soc. Hist. 52:524–52
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Chatterjee N. 2011. The Making of Indian Secularism: Empire, Law and Christianity, 1830–1960 Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan
  36. Chatterjee N. 2020. Negotiating Mughal Law: A Family of Landlords Across Three Indian Empires Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  37. Choudhry S 2008. Constitutional Design for Divided Societies: Integration or Accommodation? New York: Oxford Univ. Press
  38. Cohen JL, Laborde C 2015. Religion, Secularism and Liberal Constitutional Democracy New York: Columbia Univ. Press
  39. Cohn BS. 1996. Colonialism and Its Forms of Knowledge: The British in India Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
  40. Comaroff JL. 2009. Reflections on the rise of legal theology: law and religion in the twenty-first century. Soc. Anal. 53:193–216
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Comaroff JL, Roberts SA. 1981. Rules and Processes: The Cultural Logic of Dispute in an African Context Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  42. Constable M. 2005. Just Silences: The Limits and Possibilities of Modern Law Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
  43. Cooper M. 2017. Family Values: Between Neoliberalism and New Social Conservatism Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
  44. Coulthard G. 2014. Red Skin, White Masks: Rejecting the Colonial Politics of Recognition Minneapolis: Univ. Minn. Press
  45. Cover R. 1983. Foreword: nomos and narrative. Harvard Law Rev 97:4–66
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Crouch M. 2012. Law and religion in Indonesia: the constitutional court and the blasphemy law. Asian J. Comp. Law 7:1–46
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Crouch M. 2016. Personal law and colonial legacy. Islam and the State in Myanmar M Crouch 69–95 New Delhi: Oxford Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Cuno KM. 2015. Modernizing Marriage: Family, Ideology, and Law in Nineteenth and Early Twentieth-Century Egypt Syracuse, NY: Syracuse Univ. Press
  49. Darian-Smith E. 2010. Religion, Race, Rights: Landmarks in the History of Modern Anglo-American Law Oxford, UK: Hart
  50. Das Acevedo D. 2016. Temples, courts, and dynamic equilibrium in the Indian constitution. Am. J. Comp. Law 64:4555–82
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Dew S. 2019. The Aliites: Race and Law in the Religions of Noble Drew Ali Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  52. Dixon R, Ginsburg T. 2011. Deciding not to decide: deferral in constitutional design. Int. J. Const. Law 9:636–72
    [Google Scholar]
  53. Doniger W. 1998. The Implied Spider: Politics and Theology in Myth New York: Columbia Univ. Press
  54. Dresch P. 2012. Legalism, anthropology, and history: a view from part of anthropology. Legalism: Anthropology and History P Dresch, H Skoda 1–38 Oxford, UK: Oxford Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
  55. Dressler M, Mandair AS 2011. Secularism and Religion-Making New York: Oxford Univ. Press
  56. Dudley Jenkins L. 2003. Identity and Identification in India: Defining the Disadvantaged Oxon, UK: Routledge
  57. Durham CW, Ferrari S, Cianitto C, Thayer D 2013. Law, Religion, Constitution: Freedom of Religion, Equal Treatment, and the Law London: Routledge
  58. Durkheim E. 1995. 1912. Elementary Forms of Religious Life, transl K Fields. New York: Free (from French)
    [Google Scholar]
  59. Dworkin R. 1986. Law's Empire Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ Press
  60. Ehrlich E. 1936. Fundamental Principles of the Sociology of Law Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
  61. Eliade M. 1954. 1949. Cosmos and History: The Myth of the Eternal Return, transl WR Trask New York: Harper (from French)
    [Google Scholar]
  62. Eliade M. 1959. 1957. The Sacred and the Profane: The Nature of Religion, transl WR Trask New York: Harcourt (from French)
    [Google Scholar]
  63. Eliade M 1987. Encyclopedia of Religion New York: Macmillan
  64. Eltantawi S. 2017. Shari‘ah on Trial: Northern Nigeria's Islamic Revolution Oakland: Univ. Calif. Press
  65. Emon AM. 2016. Codification and Islamic law: the ideology behind a tragic narrative. Middle East Law Gov 8:275–309
    [Google Scholar]
  66. Engel DM, Engel J. 2010. Tort, Custom, and Karma: Globalization and Legal Consciousness in Thailand Palo Alto, CA: Stanford Univ. Press
  67. Fitzgerald T. 2000. The Ideology of Religious Studies New York: Oxford Univ. Press
  68. Foley M. 1989. The Silence of Constitutions: Gaps, “Abeyances” and Political Temperament in the Maintenance of Government New York: Routledge
  69. Foucault M. 2009. Security, Territory, and Population. Lectures at the Collège de France, 1977–1978, transl G Burchell New York: Picador (from French)
    [Google Scholar]
  70. Foucault M. 2012. Wrong-Doing, Truth-Telling: The Function of Avowal in Justice, transl SW Sawyer Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
    [Google Scholar]
  71. French RR. 1995. The Golden Yoke: The Legal Cosmology of Buddhist Tibet Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Press
  72. French RR, Nathan MA 2014. Buddhism and Law: An Introduction Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  73. Fuller L. 1958. Positivism and fidelity to law: a reply to Professor Hart. Harvard Law Rev 70:630–72
    [Google Scholar]
  74. Galanter M. 1971. Hinduism, secularism, and the Indian judiciary. Philos. East West 21:467–87
    [Google Scholar]
  75. Galanter M. 1989. Law and Society in Modern India Oxford, UK: Oxford Univ. Press
  76. Gaskill S. 2017. Moral rehabilitation: religion, race, and reform in America's incarceration capital PhD thesis, Univ. N.C. Chapel Hill, NC:
  77. Gauchet M. 1997. The Disenchantment of the World: A Political History of Religion, transl O Burge Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press (from French)
    [Google Scholar]
  78. Gerbner K. 2018. Christian Slavery: Conversion and Race in the Protestant Atlantic World Philadelphia: Univ. Pa. Press
  79. Gordon S. 2002. The Mormon Question: Polygamy and Constitutional Conflict in Nineteenth-Century America Chapel Hill: Univ. N.C. Press
  80. Gordon S. 2010. The Spirit of the Law Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
  81. Graeber D. 2011. Debt: The First 5,000 Years Brooklyn, NY: Melville House
  82. Haleem MA, Sherif AO, Daniels K 2003. Criminal Justice in Islam: Judicial Procedure in the Shari‘a New York: I.B. Tauris
  83. Hallaq WB. 2009. Sharī‘a: Theory, Practice, Transformations New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
  84. Hallaq WB. 2014. The Impossible State: Islam, Politics, and Modernity's Moral Predicament New York: Columbia Univ. Press
  85. Harcourt BE. 2012. The Illusion of Free Markets: Punishment and the Myth of Natural Order Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
  86. Harding A, Shah DAH 2018. Law and Society in Malaysia: Pluralism, Religion, and Ethnicity New York: Routledge
  87. Harriss MC. 2013. On the eirobiblical: critical mimesis and ironic resistance in The Confessions of Nat Turner. Biblic. Interpret 21:469–93
    [Google Scholar]
  88. Hart HLA. 1961. The Concept of Law Oxford, UK: Clarendon
  89. Hefner RW. 2011. Shari'a Politics: Islamic Law and Society in the Modern World Bloomington: Indiana Univ. Press
  90. Hirsch SF. 1998. Pronouncing and Persevering: Gender and Discourses in an African Islamic Court Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  91. Hirschl R. 2010. Constitutional Theocracy Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
  92. Honig B. 2013. Antigone, Interrupted Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  93. Horowitz D. 2013. Constitutional Change and Democracy in Indonesia New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
  94. Hussin IR. 2016. The Politics of Islamic Law: Local Elites, Colonial Authority, and the Making of the Muslim State Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  95. Huxley A 2002. Law, Religion and Tradition: Comparative Studies in Religious Law New York: Routledge
  96. Jacobsohn G. 2005. The Wheel of Law: India's Secularism in Comparative Constitutional Context Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
  97. Jagodinsky K. 2016. Legal Codes and Talking Trees: Indigenous Women's Sovereignty in the Sonoran and Puget Sound Borderlands, 1854–1946 New Haven, CT: Yale Univ. Press
  98. Jakobsen JR, Pellegrini A. 2004. Love the Sin: Sexual Regulation and the Limits of Religious Tolerance Boston: Beacon
  99. Jay N. 1994. Throughout Your Generations Forever: Sacrifice, Religion, and Paternity Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  100. Johnson G. 2007. Sacred Claims: Repatriation and Living Tradition Charlottesville: Univ. Va. Press
  101. Johnson PC. 2001. Law, religion, and “public health” in the Republic of Brazil. Law Soc. Inq. 26:19–33
    [Google Scholar]
  102. Johnson PC, Klassen P, Sullivan WF 2018. Ekklesia: Three Inquiries in Church and State Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  103. Johnson S. 2015. African American Religions, 1500–2000 Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  104. Johnson S, Weitzman S. 2017. The FBI and Religion: Faith and National Security Before and After 9/11 Oakland: Univ. Calif. Press
  105. Jones L 2005. Encyclopedia of Religion New York: Macmillan, 2nd ed..
  106. Kahn PW. 2011. Political Theology: Four New Chapters on the Concept of Sovereignty New York: Columbia Univ. Press
  107. Kauanui JK. 2018. Paradoxes of Hawaiian Sovereignty: Land, Sex, and the Colonial Politics of State Nationalism Durham, NC: Duke Univ. Press
  108. Kaveny C. 2017. Ethics at the Edges of Law: Christian Moralists and American Legal Thought Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
  109. Keane W. 2015. Ethical Life: Its Natural and Social Histories Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
  110. Kendhammer B. 2016. Muslims Talking Politics: Framing Islam, Democracy, and Law in Northern Nigeria Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  111. Kennedy C. 2018. Questioning culpability: lessons from soterial-legal history. Law Hum 12:2159–83
    [Google Scholar]
  112. Kravel-Tovi M. 2017. When the State Winks: The Performance of Jewish Conversion in Israel New York: Columbia Univ. Press
  113. Kugle S. 2001. Framed, blamed and renamed: the recasting of Islamic jurisprudence in colonial South Asia. Mod. Asian Stud. 35:257–313
    [Google Scholar]
  114. Laborde C. 2017. Liberalism's Religion Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  115. Lau M. 2007. Twenty-five years of hudood ordinances: a review. Washington Lee Law Rev 64:1291–314
    [Google Scholar]
  116. Layish A. 2004. The transformation of the Sharia from jurists’ law to statutory law in the contemporary Muslim world. Die Welt Islam 44:85–113
    [Google Scholar]
  117. Lemons K. 2019. Divorcing Traditions: Islamic Marriage Law and the Making of Indian Secularism Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Press
  118. Lerner H. 2011. Making Constitutions in Deeply Divided Societies New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
  119. Lijphart A. 2004. Constitutional design for divided societies. J. Democr. 15:96–109
    [Google Scholar]
  120. Lindsey T, Pausacker H 2016. Religion, Law, and Intolerance in Indonesia New York: Routledge
  121. Lloyd V. 2016. Black Natural Law Oxford, UK: Oxford Univ. Press
  122. Lofton K. 2017. Consuming Religion Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  123. Long C. 1986. Significations: Signs, Symbols and Images in the Interpretation of Religion Philadelphia: Fortress
  124. Loos T. 2006. Subject Siam: Family, Law, and Colonial Modernity in Thailand Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Press
  125. Lubin T, Davis DJ, Krishnan JK 2010. Hinduism and Law: An Introduction Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  126. Ludin S. 2019. The reformation suits: litigation as constitution-making in a German imperial court, 1521–1555 PhD thesis, Univ. Calif Berkeley, CA:
  127. Mahmood S. 2011. Politics of Piety: The Islamic Revival and the Feminist Subject Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
  128. Mahmood S. 2015. Religious Difference in a Secular Age: A Minority Report Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
  129. Mahmood S, Danchin P. 2012. Religious freedom, the minority question, and geopolitics in the Middle East. Comp. Stud. Soc. Hist. 54:2418–46
    [Google Scholar]
  130. Mallampalli C. 2011. Race, Religion and Law in Colonial India: Trials of an Interracial Family New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
  131. Mallat C. 2007. Introduction to Middle Eastern Law Oxford, UK: Oxford Univ. Press
  132. Mancini S, Rosenfeld M 2014. Constitutional Secularism in an Age of Religious Revival New York: Oxford Univ. Press
  133. Mann K, Roberts R 1991. Law in Colonial Africa Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann
  134. Marglin J. 2016. Across Legal Lines: Jews and Muslims in Modern Morocco New Haven, CT: Yale Univ. Press
  135. Martin LJ. 2020. Edgar Hoover's Stained Glass Window: The F.B.I. & Christian America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
  136. Masuzawa T. 2005. The Invention of World Religions: Or, How European Universalism Was Preserved in the Language of Pluralism Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  137. Meltzer F. 2009. Reviving the fairy tree: tales of European sanctity. Crit. Inq. 35:493–520
    [Google Scholar]
  138. Merry SE. 1988. Legal pluralism. Law Soc. Rev. 2:869–96
    [Google Scholar]
  139. Merry SE. 2000. Colonizing Hawai'i: The Cultural Power of Law Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
  140. Messick BM. 1993. The Calligraphic State: Textual Domination and History in a Muslim Society Berkeley: Univ. Calif. Press
  141. Miller WI. 1990. Blood-Taking and Peace-Making Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  142. Miller WI. 2017. Hrafnkel or the Ambiguities: Hard Cases, Hard Choices Oxford, UK: Oxford Univ. Press
  143. Mir-Hosseini Z. 2011. Criminalising sexuality: zina laws as violence against women in Muslim contexts. Sur 15:7–34
    [Google Scholar]
  144. Mittermaier A. 2019. Giving to God: Islamic Charity in Revolutionary Times Oakland: Univ. Calif. Press
  145. Modood T. 2019. Essays on Secularism and Multiculturalism London: Rowman & Littlefield
  146. Moosa E. 2000. Tensions in legal and religious values in the 1996 South African Constitution. Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk: Comparative Essays on the Politics of Rights and Culture M Mamdani 121–35 New York: St. Martin's
    [Google Scholar]
  147. Moreton B. 2009. To Serve God and Wal-Mart: The Making of Christian Free Enterprise Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
  148. Moustafa T. 2018. Constituting religion: Islam, liberal rights, and the Malaysian state. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  149. Moyn S. 2010. The Last Utopia: Human Rights in History Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
  150. Neo JL, Jamal AA, Goh DPS 2019. Regulating Religion in Asia: Norms, Modes, and Challenges Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  151. Neo JL, Son BN 2019. Pluralist Constitutions in Southeast Asia Oxford, UK: Hart
  152. O'Brien J. 2016. Literature Incorporated: The Cultural Unconscious of the Business Corporation, 1650–1850 Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  153. Oraby M. 2015. Authorizing religious conversion in administrative courts: law, rights and secular indeterminacy. New Divers 17:63–75
    [Google Scholar]
  154. Oraby M. 2018. Law, the state, and public order: regulating religion in contemporary Egypt. Law Soc. Rev. 52:574–602
    [Google Scholar]
  155. Orsi R. 1985. The Madonna of 115th Street: Faith and Community in Italian Harlem New Haven, CT: Yale Univ. Press
  156. Özbudun E, Genckaya ÖF 2009. Democratization and the Politics of Constitution-Making in Turkey Budapest: Cent. Eur. Univ.
  157. Peletz MG. 2013. Malaysia's Syariah judiciary as global assemblage: Islamization, corporatization, and other transformations in context. Comp. Stud. Soc. Hist. 55:603–33
    [Google Scholar]
  158. Peletz MG. 2020. Sharia Transformations: Cultural Politics and the Rebranding of an Islamic Judiciary Oakland: Univ. Calif. Press
  159. Peters R. 2005. Crime and Punishment in Islamic Law: Theory and Practice from the Sixteenth to the Twenty-First Century Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  160. Quraishi-Landes A. 1997. Her honor: an Islamic critique of the rape laws of Pakistan from a woman-sensitive perspective. Mich. J. Int. Law 18:287–320
    [Google Scholar]
  161. Rabb I. 2015. Doubt in Islamic Law: A History of Legal Maxims, Interpretation, and Islamic Criminal Law Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  162. Rajah J. 2014. Authoritarian Rule of Law: Legislation, Discourse, and Legitimacy in Singapore Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  163. Richland JB. 2008. Arguing with Tradition: The Language of Law in Hopi Tribal Court Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  164. Richland JB. 2013. Jurisdiction: grounding law in language. Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 42:209–26
    [Google Scholar]
  165. Rivers J. 2010. The Law of Organized Religions: Between Establishment and Secularism Oxford, UK: Oxford Univ. Press
  166. Roberts N. 2016. To Be Cared For: The Power of Conversion and Foreignness of Belonging in an Indian Slum Oakland: Univ. Calif. Press
  167. Robson L. 2017. States of Separation: Transfer, Partition, and the Making of the Modern Middle East Oakland: Univ. Calif. Press
  168. Rocklin A. 2019. The Regulation of Religion and the Making of Hinduism in Colonial Trinidad Chapel Hill: Univ. N.C. Press
  169. Rose G. 1996. Mourning Becomes the Law: Philosophy and Representation Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  170. Rose G. 1997. Love's Work: A Reckoning with Life New York: Schocken Books
  171. Rosen L. 1989. The Anthropology of Justice: Law as Culture in Islamic Society Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  172. Rutherford B. 2013. 2008. Egypt after Mubarak: Liberalism, Islam, and Democracy in the Arab World Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
  173. Saeed S. 2016. Politics of Desecularization: Law and the Minority Question in Pakistan New York: Cambridge Univ. Press
  174. Sajó A. 2008. Preliminaries to a concept of constitutional secularism. Int. J. Const. Law 6:605–29
    [Google Scholar]
  175. Salomon N. 2016. For Love of the Prophet: An Ethnography of Sudan's Islamic State Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
  176. Schonthal B. 2016. Buddhism, Politics and the Limits of the Law: The Pyrrhic Constitutionalism of Sri Lanka Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  177. Schonthal B. 2019. Buddhist law against the state. J. Am. Acad. Relig. 87:662–92
    [Google Scholar]
  178. Sezgin Y. 2013. Human Rights under State-Enforced Religious Family Laws in Israel, Egypt and India Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  179. Shapiro BJ. 2014. ‘Beyond reasonable doubt’: the neglected eighteenth-century context. Law Hum 8:119–52
    [Google Scholar]
  180. Sharafi M. 2014. Law and Identity in Colonial South Asia: Parsi Legal Culture, 1772–1947 Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  181. Simpson A. 2014. Mohawk Interruptus: Political Life Across the Borders of Settler States Durham, NC: Duke Univ. Press
  182. Smith C. 2013. The Oracle and the Curse: A Poetics of Justice from the Revolution to the Civil War Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
  183. Smith JZ. 1998. Religion, religions, religious. Critical Terms for Religious Studies MC Taylor 269–84 Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
    [Google Scholar]
  184. Smith WC. 1963. The Meaning and End of Religion Philadelphia: Fortress
  185. Solanki G. 2011. Adjudication in Religious Family Laws: Cultural Accommodation, Legal Pluralism, and Gender Equality in India Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  186. Sreenivas M. 2008. Wives, Widows, and Concubines: The Conjugal Family Ideal in Colonial India Bloomington: Indiana Univ. Press
  187. Steinman EH. 2005. Legitimizing American Indian sovereignty: mobilizing the constitutive power of law through institutional entrepreneurship. Law Soc. Rev. 39:4759–92
    [Google Scholar]
  188. Stephens J. 2018. Governing Islam: Law, Empire, and Secularism in South Asia Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  189. Stern PJ. 2012. The Company-State: Corporate Sovereignty and the Early Modern Foundations of the British Empire in India Oxford, UK: Oxford Univ. Press
  190. Stilt K. 2015. Contextualizing constitutional Islam: the Malayan experience. Int. J. Const. Law 13:407–33
    [Google Scholar]
  191. Stone FF. 1955. Primer on codification. Tulane Law Rev 29:303–10
    [Google Scholar]
  192. Sturman R. 2012. The Government of Social Life in Colonial India: Liberalism, Religious Law, and Women's Rights Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  193. Sullivan WF. 2005. The Impossibility of Religious Freedom Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
  194. Sullivan WF. 2020. Church State Corporation: Construing Religion in US Law Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  195. Sullivan WF, Beaman L 2013. Varieties of Religious Establishment New York: Ashgate
  196. Sullivan WF, Yelle RA, Taussig-Rubio M 2011. After Secular Law Palo Alto, CA: Stanford Univ. Press
  197. Surkis J. 2019. Sex, Law and Sovereignty in French Algeria, 1830–1930 Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Press
  198. Taussig-Rubbo M. 2009. Outsourcing sacrifice: the labor of private military contractors. Yale J. Law Hum. 21:1105–70
    [Google Scholar]
  199. Taylor M 1998. Critical Terms for Religious Studies Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  200. Telle K. 2018. Faith on trial: blasphemy and ‘lawfare’ in Indonesia. Ethnos 83:2371–91
    [Google Scholar]
  201. Thomas J. 2019. Faking Liberties: Religious Freedom in American-Occupied Japan Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  202. Tomlins C. 2016. Debt, death, and redemption: toward a soterial-legal history of the Turner Rebellion. Exploring the ‘Legal’ in Socio-Legal Studies D Cowan, D Wincott 35–56 New York: Palgrave
    [Google Scholar]
  203. Tomlins C. 2020. In the Matter of Nat Turner: A Speculative History Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press
  204. Tushnet M, Khosla M 2015. Unstable Constitutionalism: Law and Politics in South Asia Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  205. Vaca D. 2019. Evangelicals Incorporated: Books and the Business of Religion in America Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
  206. Valverde M. 2012. The crown in a multicultural age: the changing epistemology of (post)colonial sovereignty. Soc. Leg. Stud. 21:3–21
    [Google Scholar]
  207. Vaughn O. 2016. Religion and the Making of Nigeria Durham, NC: Duke Univ. Press
  208. Venter F. 2015. Constitutionalism and Religion Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar
  209. Ventimiglia A. 2017. A market in prophecy: secularism, law, and the economy of American religious publishing. J. Am. Acad. Relig. 85:629–52
    [Google Scholar]
  210. Warner M, VanAntwerpen J, Calhoun C 2013. Varieties of Secularism in a Secular Age Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
  211. Weisenfeld J. 2016. A New World A-Coming: Black Religion and Racial Identity during the Great Migration New York: N.Y. Univ. Press
  212. Weisenfeld J. 2019. “Excessive religious excitement”: black religions in the American asylum Presented at the American Academy of Religion Annual Meeting San Diego, CA:
  213. Weiss M. 2010. In the Shadow of Sectarianism: Law, Shi‘ism, and the Making of Modern Lebanon Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
  214. White BT. 2011. The Emergence of Minorities in the Middle East: The Politics of Community in French Mandate Syria Edinburgh, UK: Edinb. Univ. Press
  215. Witte J. 2002. Law and Protestantism Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  216. Yahaya N. 2020. Fluid Jurisdictions: Arabs and Colonial Law in Southeast Asia Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Press
  217. Yelle RA. 2018. Sovereignty and the Sacred: Secularism and the Political Economy of Religion Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-020520-022638
Loading
  • Article Type: Review Article
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error