Compound-Specific Isotope Geochemistry in the Ocean

Literature Cited

1. Abelson PH, Hoering T 1961. Carbon isotope fractionation in formation of amino acids by photosynthetic organisms. PNAS 47:623–32Widely considered to be the first study to employ CSIA.
   [Google Scholar]
2. Abraham W-R, Hesse C, Pelz O 1998. Ratios of carbon isotopes in microbial lipids as an indicator of substrate usage. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:4202–9
   [Google Scholar]
3. Altabet MA, Deuser WG, Honjo S, Stienen C 1991. Seasonal and depth-related changes in the source of sinking particles in the North Atlantic. Nature 354:136–39
   [Google Scholar]
4. Altabet MA, Francois R 1994. Sedimentary nitrogen isotopic ratio as a recorder for surface ocean nitrate utilization. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles 8:103–16
   [Google Scholar]
5. Arthur KE, Kelez S, Larsen T, Choy CA, Popp BN 2014. Tracing the biosynthetic source of essential amino acids in marine turtles using δ¹³C fingerprints. Ecology 95:1285–93
   [Google Scholar]
6. Baczynski AA, Polissar PJ, Juchelka D, Schwieters J, Hilkert A et al. 2018. Picomolar‐scale compound‐specific isotope analyses. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 32:730–38
   [Google Scholar]
7. Batista FC, Ravelo AC, Crusius J, Casso MA, McCarthy MD 2014. Compound specific amino acid δ¹⁵N in marine sediments: a new approach for studies of the marine nitrogen cycle. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 142:553–69
   [Google Scholar]
8. Belt ST, Massé G, Vare LL, Rowland SJ, Poulin M et al. 2008. Distinctive ¹³C isotopic signature distinguishes a novel sea ice biomarker in Arctic sediments and sediment traps. Mar. Chem. 112:158–67
   [Google Scholar]
9. Benner R, Fogel ML, Sprague EK, Hodson RE 1987. Depletion of ¹³C in lignin and its implications for stable carbon isotope studies. Nature 329:708–10
   [Google Scholar]
10. Bidigare RR, Fluegge A, Freeman KH, Hanson KL, Hayes JM et al. 1997. Consistent fractionation of ¹³C in nature and in the laboratory: growth-rate effects in some haptophyte algae. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles 11:279–92
    [Google Scholar]
11. Bidigare RR, Kennicutt MC, Keeney-Kennicutt WL, Macko SA 1991. Isolation and purification of chlorophylls a and b for the determination of stable carbon and nitrogen isotope compositions. Anal. Chem. 63:130–33
    [Google Scholar]
12. Bour AL, Walker BD, Broek TA, McCarthy MD 2016. Radiocarbon analysis of individual amino acids: carbon blank quantification for a small-sample high-pressure liquid chromatography purification method. Anal. Chem. 88:3521–28
    [Google Scholar]
13. Brand WA, Dobberstein P 1996. Isotope-ratio-monitoring liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (IRM-LCMS): first results from a moving wire interface system. Isotopes Environ. Health Stud. 32:275–83
    [Google Scholar]
14. Chikaraishi Y, Ogawa NO, Kashiyama Y, Takano Y, Suga H et al. 2009. Determination of aquatic food-web structure based on compound-specific nitrogen isotopic composition of amino acids. Limnol. Oceanogr. Methods 7:740–50
    [Google Scholar]
15. Close HG, Shah SR, Ingalls AE, Diefendorf AF, Brodie EL et al. 2013. Export of submicron particulate organic matter to mesopelagic depth in an oligotrophic gyre. PNAS 110:12565–70
    [Google Scholar]
16. Close HG, Wakeham SG, Pearson A 2014. Lipid and ¹³C signatures of submicron and suspended particulate organic matter in the Eastern Tropical North Pacific: implications for the contribution of Bacteria. Deep-Sea Res. I 85:15–34
    [Google Scholar]
17. Çoban-Yıldız Y, Altabet MA, Yılmaz A, Tuğrul S 2006. Carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios of suspended particulate organic matter (SPOM) in the Black Sea water column. Deep-Sea Res. II 53:1875–92
    [Google Scholar]
18. Collister JW, Lichtfouse E, Hieshima G, Hayes JM 1994. Partial resolution of sources of n-alkanes in the saline portion of the Parachute Creek Member, Green River Formation (Piceance Creek Basin, Colorado). Org. Geochem. 21:645–59
    [Google Scholar]
19. Degens E, Behrendt M, Gotthardt B, Reppmann E 1968. Metabolic fractionation of carbon isotopes in marine plankton—II. Data on samples collected off the coasts of Peru and Ecuador. Deep-Sea Res. Oceanogr. Abstr. 15:11–20
    [Google Scholar]
20. Drenzek NJ, Montluçon DB, Yunker MB, Macdonald RW, Eglinton TI 2007. Constraints on the origin of sedimentary organic carbon in the Beaufort Sea from coupled molecular ¹³C and ¹⁴C measurements. Mar. Chem. 103:146–62
    [Google Scholar]
21. Druffel ER, Zhang D, Xu X, Ziolkowski LA, Southon JR et al. 2010. Compound-specific radiocarbon analyses of phospholipid fatty acids and n-alkanes in ocean sediments. Radiocarbon 52:1215–23
    [Google Scholar]
22. Eglinton TI, Aluwihare LI, Bauer JE, Druffel ER, McNichol AP 1996. Gas chromatographic isolation of individual compounds from complex matrices for radiocarbon dating. Anal. Chem. 68:904–12Introduced the application of natural-abundance radiocarbon measurements to CSIA.
    [Google Scholar]
23. Eglinton TI, Benitez-Nelson BC, Pearson A, McNichol AP, Bauer JE, Druffel ER 1997. Variability in radiocarbon ages of individual organic compounds from marine sediments. Science 277:796–99
    [Google Scholar]
24. Elsner M, Jochmann MA, Hofstetter TB, Hunkeler D, Bernstein A et al. 2012. Current challenges in compound-specific stable isotope analysis of environmental organic contaminants. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 403:2471–91
    [Google Scholar]
25. Elvert M, Suess E, Whiticar MJ 1999. Anaerobic methane oxidation associated with marine gas hydrates: superlight C-isotopes from saturated and unsaturated C₂₀ and C₂₅ irregular isoprenoids. Naturwissenschaften 86:295–300
    [Google Scholar]
26. Estep MF, Hoering TC 1980. Biogeochemistry of the stable hydrogen isotopes. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 44:1197–206
    [Google Scholar]
27. Fassbender AJ, Palevsky HI, Martz TR, Ingalls AE, Gledhill M et al. 2017. Perspectives on chemical oceanography in the 21st century: participants of the COME ABOARD meeting examine aspects of the field in the context of 40 years of DISCO. Mar. Chem. 196:181–90
    [Google Scholar]
28. Fawcett SE, Lomas MW, Casey JR, Ward BB, Sigman DM 2011. Assimilation of upwelled nitrate by small eukaryotes in the Sargasso Sea. Nat. Geosci. 4:717–22
    [Google Scholar]
29. Federherr E, Willach S, Roos N, Lange L, Molt K, Schmidt T 2016. A novel high-temperature combustion interface for compound-specific stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen via high-performance liquid chromatography/isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 30:944–52
    [Google Scholar]
30. Feng X, Vonk JE, Van Dongen BE, Gustafsson Ö, Semiletov IP et al. 2013. Differential mobilization of terrestrial carbon pools in Eurasian Arctic river basins. PNAS 110:14168–73
    [Google Scholar]
31. Fogel ML, Griffin PL, Newsome SD 2016. Hydrogen isotopes in individual amino acids reflect differentiated pools of hydrogen from food and water in Escherichia coli. PNAS 113:E4648–53
    [Google Scholar]
32. Freeman KH, Hayes JM, Trendel J-M, Albrecht P 1990. Evidence from carbon isotope measurements for diverse origins of sedimentary hydrocarbons. Nature 343:254–56First CSIA study applied to diverse sedimentary compounds, using the new technique of GC-IRMS.
    [Google Scholar]
33. Freeman KH, Wakeham SG, Hayes JM 1994. Predictive isotopic biogeochemistry: hydrocarbons from anoxic marine basins. Org. Geochem. 21:629–44
    [Google Scholar]
34. Fry B 1988. Food web structure on Georges Bank from stable C, N, and S isotopic compositions. Limnol. Oceanogr. 33:1182–90
    [Google Scholar]
35. Fry B, Garritt R, Tholke K, Neill C, Michener RH et al. 1996. Cryoflow: cryofocusing nanomole amounts of CO₂, N₂, and SO₂ from an elemental analyzer for stable isotopic analysis. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 10:953–58
    [Google Scholar]
36. Fulton JM, Arthur MA, Freeman KH 2012. Black Sea nitrogen cycling and the preservation of phytoplankton δ¹⁵N signals during the Holocene. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles 26:GB2030
    [Google Scholar]
37. Glaubitz S, Lueders T, Abraham WR, Jost G, Jürgens K, Labrenz M 2009. ¹³C-isotope analyses reveal that chemolithoautotrophic Gamma- and Epsilonproteobacteria feed a microbial food web in a pelagic redoxcline of the central Baltic Sea. Environ. Microbiol. 11:326–37
    [Google Scholar]
38. Gloeckler K, Choy CA, Hannides CCS, Close HG, Goetze E et al. 2018. Stable isotope analysis of micronekton around Hawaii reveals suspended particles are an important nutritional source in the lower mesopelagic and upper bathypelagic zones. Limnol. Oceanogr. 63:1168–80
    [Google Scholar]
39. Godin JP, McCullagh JS 2011. Current applications and challenges for liquid chromatography coupled to isotope ratio mass spectrometry (LC/IRMS). Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 25:3019–28
    [Google Scholar]
40. Goericke R, Fry B 1994. Variations of marine plankton δ¹³C with latitude, temperature, and dissolved CO₂ in the world ocean. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles 8:85–90
    [Google Scholar]
41. Gong C, Hollander DJ 1997. Differential contribution of bacteria to sedimentary organic matter in oxic and anoxic environments, Santa Monica Basin, California. Org. Geochem. 26:545–63
    [Google Scholar]
42. Goñi MA, Ruttenberg KC, Eglinton TI 1997. Sources and contribution of terrigenous organic carbon to surface sediments in the Gulf of Mexico. Nature 389:275–78
    [Google Scholar]
43. Gutierrez-Rodriguez A, Décima M, Popp BN, Landry MR 2014. Isotopic invisibility of protozoan trophic steps in marine food webs. Limnol. Oceanogr. 59:1590–98
    [Google Scholar]
44. Hannides C, Popp BN, Choy CA, Drazen JC 2013. Midwater zooplankton and suspended particle dynamics in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre: a stable isotope perspective. Limnol. Oceanogr. 58:1931–46
    [Google Scholar]
45. Hansman RL, Sessions AL 2016. Measuring the in situ carbon isotopic composition of distinct marine plankton populations sorted by flow cytometry. Limnol. Oceanogr. Methods 14:87–99
    [Google Scholar]
46. Harvey HR, Macko SA 1997. Catalysts or contributors? Tracking bacterial mediation of early diagenesis in the marine water column. Org. Geochem. 26:531–44
    [Google Scholar]
47. Harvey HR, Tuttle JH, Bell JT 1995. Kinetics of phytoplankton decay during simulated sedimentation: changes in biochemical composition and microbial activity under oxic and anoxic conditions. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59:3367–77
    [Google Scholar]
48. Hayes JM 1983. Practice and principles of isotopic measurements in organic geochemistry. Organic Geochemistry of Contemporaneous and Ancient Sediments WG Meinschein 5–131 Tulsa, OK: Soc. Econ. Paleontol. Mineral.The seminal reference for correct treatment of CSIA data; a 2002 revised and expanded version is available online.
    [Google Scholar]
49. Hayes JM 2001. Fractionation of carbon and hydrogen isotopes in biosynthetic processes. Rev. Mineral. Geochem. 43:225–77The seminal reference for understanding how biosynthetic routing leads to isotopic fractionation among compound classes.
    [Google Scholar]
50. Hayes JM, Freeman KH, Popp BN, Hoham CH 1990. Compound-specific isotopic analyses: a novel tool for reconstruction of ancient biogeochemical processes. Org. Geochem. 16:1115–28Introduced the most widely used contemporary method for CSIA: GC-IRMS.
    [Google Scholar]
51. Hedges JI 2002. Why dissolved organics matter. Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter DA Hansell, CA Carlson 1–33 London: Academic
    [Google Scholar]
52. Hener U, Brand W, Hilkert A, Juchelka D, Mosandl A, Podebrad F 1998. Simultaneous on-line analysis of ¹⁸O/¹⁶O and ¹³C/¹²C ratios of organic compounds using GC-pyrolysis-IRMS. Z. Lebensmitt. Forsch. A 206:230–32
    [Google Scholar]
53. Higgins MB, Robinson RS, Carter SJ, Pearson A 2010. Evidence from chlorin nitrogen isotopes for alternating nutrient regimes in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 290:102–7
    [Google Scholar]
54. Higgins MB, Wolfe-Simon F, Robinson RS, Qin Y, Saito MA, Pearson A 2011. Paleoenvironmental implications of taxonomic variation among δ¹⁵N values of chloropigments. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 75:7351–63
    [Google Scholar]
55. Hinrichs K-U, Summons RE, Orphan V, Sylva SP, Hayes JM 2000. Molecular and isotopic analysis of anaerobic methane-oxidizing communities in marine sediments. Org. Geochem. 31:1685–701
    [Google Scholar]
56. Hoefs MJL, Schouten S, De Leeuw JW, King LL, Wakeham SG, Sinninghe Damsté JS 1997. Ether lipids of planktonic archaea in the marine water column. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:3090–95
    [Google Scholar]
57. Hoppe H-G, Arnosti C, Herndl G 2002. Ecological significance of bacterial enzymes in the marine environment. Enzymes in the Environment: Activity, Ecology, and Applications RG Burns, RP Dick 73–107 New York: Dekker
    [Google Scholar]
58. Hwang J, Druffel ER 2003. Lipid-like material as the source of the uncharacterized organic carbon in the ocean. Science 299:881–84
    [Google Scholar]
59. Ingalls AE, Pearson A 2005. Ten years of compound-specific radiocarbon analysis. Oceanography 18:318–31
    [Google Scholar]
60. Ingalls AE, Shah SR, Hansman RL, Aluwihare LI, Santos GM et al. 2006. Quantifying archaeal community autotrophy in the mesopelagic ocean using natural radiocarbon. PNAS 103:6442–47
    [Google Scholar]
61. Jahnke LL, Summons RE, Dowling LM, Zahiralis KD 1995. Identification of methanotrophic lipid biomarkers in cold-seep mussel gills: chemical and isotopic analysis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:576–82
    [Google Scholar]
62. Jasper JP, Hayes JM 1990. A carbon isotope record of CO₂ levels during the late Quaternary. Nature 347:462–64
    [Google Scholar]
63. Jeffrey AW, Pflaum RC, Brooks JM, Sackett WM 1983. Vertical trends in particulate organic carbon ¹³C:¹²C ratios in the upper water column. Deep-Sea Res. A 30:971–83
    [Google Scholar]
64. Jones AA, Sessions AL, Campbell BJ, Li C, Valentine DL 2008. D/H ratios of fatty acids from marine particulate organic matter in the California Borderland Basins. Org. Geochem. 39:485–500
    [Google Scholar]
65. Kennicutt M, Bidigare R, Macko S, Keeney-Kennicutt W 1992. The stable isotopic composition of photosynthetic pigments and related biochemicals. Chem. Geol. Isotope Geosci. 101:235–45
    [Google Scholar]
66. Kump LR, Arthur MA 1999. Interpreting carbon-isotope excursions: carbonates and organic matter. Chem. Geol. 161:181–98
    [Google Scholar]
67. LaRowe DE, Van Cappellen P 2011. Degradation of natural organic matter: a thermodynamic analysis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 75:2030–42
    [Google Scholar]
68. Larsen T, Bach LT, Salvatteci R, Wang Y, Andersen N et al. 2015. Assessing the potential of amino acid ¹³C patterns as a carbon source tracer in marine sediments: effects of algal growth conditions and sedimentary diagenesis. Biogeosciences 12:4979–92
    [Google Scholar]
69. Larsen T, Ventura M, Andersen N, O'Brien DM, Piatkowski U, McCarthy MD 2013. Tracing carbon sources through aquatic and terrestrial food webs using amino acid stable isotope fingerprinting. PLOS ONE 8:e73441
    [Google Scholar]
70. Laws EA, Popp BN, Cassar N, Tanimoto J 2002. ¹³C discrimination patterns in oceanic phytoplankton: likely influence of CO₂ concentrating mechanisms, and implications for palaeoreconstructions. Funct. Plant Biol. 29:323–33
    [Google Scholar]
71. Li C, Sessions AL, Kinnaman FS, Valentine DL 2009. Hydrogen-isotopic variability in lipids from Santa Barbara Basin sediments. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 73:4803–23
    [Google Scholar]
72. Lin YS, Lipp JS, Yoshinaga MY, Lin SH, Elvert M, Hinrichs KU 2010. Intramolecular stable carbon isotopic analysis of archaeal glycosyl tetraether lipids. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 24:2817–26
    [Google Scholar]
73. Macko SA, Engel MH, Qian Y 1994. Early diagenesis and organic matter preservation—a molecular stable carbon isotope perspective. Chem. Geol. 114:365–79
    [Google Scholar]
74. Macko SA, Estep ML 1984. Microbial alteration of stable nitrogen and carbon isotopic compositions of organic matter. Org. Geochem. 6:787–90
    [Google Scholar]
75. Macko SA, Fogel ML, Hare PE, Hoering T 1987. Isotopic fractionation of nitrogen and carbon in the synthesis of amino acids by microorganisms. Chem. Geol. Isotope Geosci. 65:79–92
    [Google Scholar]
76. Marchal O, Lam PJ 2012. What can paired measurements of Th isotope activity and particle concentration tell us about particle cycling in the ocean. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 90:126–48
    [Google Scholar]
77. Mariotti A, Germon J, Hubert P, Kaiser P, Letolle R et al. 1981. Experimental determination of nitrogen kinetic isotope fractionation: some principles; illustration for the denitrification and nitrification processes. Plant Soil 62:413–30
    [Google Scholar]
78. McCarthy MD, Benner R, Lee C, Fogel ML 2007. Amino acid nitrogen isotopic fractionation patterns as indicators of heterotrophy in plankton, particulate, and dissolved organic matter. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 71:4727–44
    [Google Scholar]
79. McCarthy MD, Benner R, Lee C, Hedges JI, Fogel ML 2004. Amino acid carbon isotopic fractionation patterns in oceanic dissolved organic matter: an unaltered photoautotrophic source for dissolved organic nitrogen in the ocean. Mar. Chem. 92:123–34
    [Google Scholar]
80. McCarthy MD, Lehman J, Kudela R 2013. Compound-specific amino acid δ¹⁵N patterns in marine algae: tracer potential for cyanobacterial versus eukaryotic organic nitrogen sources in the ocean. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 103:104–20
    [Google Scholar]
81. McClelland JW, Montoya JP 2002. Trophic relationships and the nitrogen isotopic composition of amino acids in plankton. Ecology 83:2173–80
    [Google Scholar]
82. McIntyre CP, Sylva SP, Roberts ML 2009. Gas chromatograph-combustion system for ¹⁴C-accelerator mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 81:6422–28
    [Google Scholar]
83. McMahon KW, McCarthy MD, Sherwood OA, Larsen T, Guilderson TP 2015. Millennial-scale plankton regime shifts in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean. Science 350:1530–33
    [Google Scholar]
84. Meador T, Aluwihare L, Mahaffey C 2007. Isotopic heterogeneity and cycling of organic nitrogen in the oligotrophic ocean. Limnol. Oceanogr. 52:934–47
    [Google Scholar]
85. Meier-Augenstein W 2004. GC and IRMS technology for ¹³C and ¹⁵N analysis on organic compounds and related gases. Handbook of Stable Isotope Analytical Techniques 1 PA de Groot 153–76 Amsterdam: Elsevier
    [Google Scholar]
86. Meier-Augenstein W 2011. Stable Isotope Forensics: An Introduction to the Forensic Application of Stable Isotope Analysis New York: Wiley
87. Minagawa M, Wada E 1984. Stepwise enrichment of ¹⁵N along food chains: further evidence and the relation between δ¹⁵N and animal age. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 48:1135–40
    [Google Scholar]
88. Mohr W, Tang T, Sattin SR, Bovee RJ, Pearson A 2014. Protein stable isotope fingerprinting: multidimensional protein chromatography coupled to stable isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 86:8514–20
    [Google Scholar]
89. Monson KD, Hayes JM 1982. Carbon isotopic fractionation in the biosynthesis of bacterial fatty acids. Ozonolysis of unsaturated fatty acids as a means of determining the intramolecular distribution of carbon isotopes. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 46:139–49
    [Google Scholar]
90. Montoya JP 2008. Natural abundance of ¹⁵N in marine planktonic ecosystems. Stable Isotopes in Ecology and Environmental Science K Lajtha, R Michener 176–201 London: Blackwell. , 2nd ed..
    [Google Scholar]
91. Newsome SD, Clementz MT, Koch PL 2010. Using stable isotope biogeochemistry to study marine mammal ecology. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 26:509–72
    [Google Scholar]
92. O'Leary MH 1988. Carbon isotopes in photosynthesis. Bioscience 38:328–36
    [Google Scholar]
93. O'Leary T, Trull T, Griffiths F, Tilbrook B, Revill A 2001. Euphotic zone variations in bulk and compound-specific δ¹³C of suspended organic matter in the Subantarctic Ocean, south of Australia. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans 106:31669–84
    [Google Scholar]
94. Ogawa NO, Nagata T, Kitazato H, Ohkouchi N 2010. Ultra sensitive elemental analyzer/isotope ratio mass spectrometer for stable nitrogen and carbon isotope analyses. Earth, Life, and Isotopes N Ohkouchi, I Tayasu, K Koba 339–53 Kyoto, Jpn.: Kyoto Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
95. Ohkouchi N, Chikaraishi Y, Close HG, Fry B, Larsen T et al. 2017. Advances in the application of amino acid nitrogen isotopic analysis in ecological and biogeochemical studies. Org. Geochem. 113:150–74
    [Google Scholar]
96. Ohkouchi N, Eglinton TI, Keigwin LD, Hayes JM 2002. Spatial and temporal offsets between proxy records in a sediment drift. Science 298:1224–27
    [Google Scholar]
97. Pagani M, Freeman KH, Ohkouchi N, Caldeira K 2002. Comparison of water column [CO_2aq] with sedimentary alkenone-based estimates: a test of the alkenone-CO₂ proxy. Paleoceanography 17:21–112
    [Google Scholar]
98. Pancost RD, Boot CS 2004. The palaeoclimatic utility of terrestrial biomarkers in marine sediments. Mar. Chem. 92:239–61
    [Google Scholar]
99. Pancost RD, Freeman KH, Wakeham SG, Robertson CY 1997. Controls on carbon isotope fractionation by diatoms in the Peru upwelling region. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 61:4983–91
    [Google Scholar]
100. Pancost RD, Sinninghe Damsté JS 2003. Carbon isotopic compositions of prokaryotic lipids as tracers of carbon cycling in diverse settings. Chem. Geol. 195:29–58
     [Google Scholar]
101. Pearson A 2010. Pathways of carbon assimilation and their impact on organic matter values δ¹³C. Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology KN Timmis 143–56 Berlin: Springer
     [Google Scholar]
102. Pearson A, Eglinton TI 2000. The origin of n-alkanes in Santa Monica Basin surface sediment: a model based on compound-specific Δ¹⁴C and δ¹³C data. Org. Geochem. 31:1103–16
     [Google Scholar]
103. Pearson A, Hurley SJ, Walter SRS, Kusch S, Lichtin S, Zhang YG 2016. Stable carbon isotope ratios of intact GDGTs indicate heterogeneous sources to marine sediments. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 181:18–35
     [Google Scholar]
104. Pearson A, McNichol AP, Benitez-Nelson BC, Hayes JM, Eglinton TI 2001. Origins of lipid biomarkers in Santa Monica Basin surface sediment: a case study using compound-specific Δ¹⁴C analysis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 65:3123–37
     [Google Scholar]
105. Pel R, Hoogveld H, Floris V 2003. Using the hidden isotopic heterogeneity in phyto- and zooplankton to unmask disparity in trophic carbon transfer. Limnol. Oceanogr. 48:2200–7
     [Google Scholar]
106. Petsch ST, Eglinton TI, Edwards KJ 2001. ¹⁴C-dead living biomass: evidence for microbial assimilation of ancient organic carbon during shale weathering. Science 292:1127–31
     [Google Scholar]
107. Phillips DL, Inger R, Bearhop S, Jackson AL, Moore JW et al. 2014. Best practices for use of stable isotope mixing models in food-web studies. Can. J. Zool. 92:823–35
     [Google Scholar]
108. Podlaha OG, Sessions AL, Freeman K 2017. John M. Hayes 1940–2017. Father of isotopes in modern and ancient biogeochemical processes, biosynthetic carbon and hydrogen isotope fractionation and compound specific isotope analytical techniques. Org. Geochem. 108:113–16
     [Google Scholar]
109. Polissar PJ, D'Andrea WJ 2014. Uncertainty in paleohydrologic reconstructions from molecular δD values. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 129:146–56
     [Google Scholar]
110. Polissar PJ, Fulton JM, Junium CK, Turich CC, Freeman KH 2008. Measurement of ¹³C and ¹⁵N isotopic composition on nanomolar quantities of C and N. Anal. Chem. 81:755–63
     [Google Scholar]
111. Popp BN, Graham BS, Olson RJ, Hannides CC, Lott MJ et al. 2007. Insight into the trophic ecology of yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares, from compound-specific nitrogen isotope analysis of proteinaceous amino acids. Terr. Ecol. 1:173–90
     [Google Scholar]
112. Popp BN, Trull T, Kenig F, Wakeham SG, Rust TM et al. 1999. Controls on the carbon isotopic composition of Southern Ocean phytoplankton. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles 13:827–43
     [Google Scholar]
113. Raven MR, Adkins JF, Werne JP, Lyons TW, Sessions AL 2015. Sulfur isotopic composition of individual organic compounds from Cariaco Basin sediments. Org. Geochem. 80:53–59
     [Google Scholar]
114. Repeta DJ, Aluwihare LI 2006. Radiocarbon analysis of neutral sugars in high-molecular-weight dissolved organic carbon: implications for organic carbon cycling. Limnol. Oceanogr. 51:1045–53
     [Google Scholar]
115. Roberts ML, von Reden KF, Burton JR, McIntyre CP, Beaupre SR 2013. A gas-accepting ion source for accelerator mass spectrometry: progress and applications. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 294:296–99
     [Google Scholar]
116. Sachs JP, Repeta DJ 2000. The purification of chlorins from marine particles and sediments for nitrogen and carbon isotopic analysis. Org. Geochem. 31:317–29
     [Google Scholar]
117. Sacks GL, Zhang Y, Brenna JT 2007. Fast gas chromatography combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 79:6348–58
     [Google Scholar]
118. Savidge WB, Blair NE 2004. Patterns of intramolecular carbon isotopic heterogeneity within amino acids of autotrophs and heterotrophs. Oecologia 139:178–89
     [Google Scholar]
119. Schouten S, Breteler WCK, Blokker P, Schogt N, Rijpstra WIC et al. 1998. Biosynthetic effects on the stable carbon isotopic compositions of algal lipids: implications for deciphering the carbon isotopic biomarker record. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 62:1397–406
     [Google Scholar]
120. Schouten S, Ossebaar J, Schreiber K, Kienhuis M, Langer G et al. 2006. The effect of temperature, salinity and growth rate on the stable hydrogen isotopic composition of long chain alkenones produced by Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyrocapsa oceanica. Biogeosciences 3:113–19
     [Google Scholar]
121. Schouten S, Strous M, Kuypers MM, Rijpstra WIC, Baas M et al. 2004. Stable carbon isotopic fractionations associated with inorganic carbon fixation by anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70:3785–88
     [Google Scholar]
122. Schubotz F, Lipp JS, Elvert M, Hinrichs K-U 2011. Stable carbon isotopic compositions of intact polar lipids reveal complex carbon flow patterns among hydrocarbon degrading microbial communities at the Chapopote asphalt volcano. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 75:4399–415
     [Google Scholar]
123. Scott JH, O'Brien DM, Emerson D, Sun H, McDonald GD et al. 2006. An examination of the carbon isotope effects associated with amino acid biosynthesis. Astrobiology 6:867–80
     [Google Scholar]
124. Sessions AL 2006. Isotope-ratio detection for gas chromatography. J. Sep. Sci. 29:1946–61
     [Google Scholar]
125. Sessions AL, Sylva SP, Hayes JM 2005. Moving-wire device for carbon isotopic analyses of nanogram quantities of nonvolatile organic carbon. Anal. Chem. 77:6519–27
     [Google Scholar]
126. Shah SR, Griffith DR, Galy V, McNichol AP, Eglinton TI 2013. Prominent bacterial heterotrophy and sources of ¹³C-depleted fatty acids to the interior Canada Basin. Biogeosciences 10:7065–80
     [Google Scholar]
127. Shah SR, Mollenhauer G, Ohkouchi N, Eglinton TI, Pearson A 2008. Origins of archaeal tetraether lipids in sediments: insights from radiocarbon analysis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 72:4577–94
     [Google Scholar]
128. Sigman DM, Karsh KL, Casciotti KL 2009. Nitrogen isotopes in the ocean. Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences JH Steele, KK Turekian, SA Thorpe 40–54 London: Academic. , 2nd ed..
     [Google Scholar]
129. Silfer J, Engel M, Macko S 1992. Kinetic fractionation of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes during peptide bond hydrolysis: experimental evidence and geochemical implications. Chem. Geol. Isotope Geosci. 101:211–21
     [Google Scholar]
130. Sinninghe Damsté JS, Wakeham SG, Kohnen ME, Hayes JM, de Leeuw JW 1993. A 6,000–year sedimentary molecular record of chemocline excursions in the Black Sea. Nature 362:827–29
     [Google Scholar]
131. Slater GF, White HK, Eglinton TI, Reddy CM 2005. Determination of microbial carbon sources in petroleum contaminated sediments using molecular ¹⁴C analysis. Environ. Sci. Technol. 39:2552–58
     [Google Scholar]
132. Sun M-Y, Wakeham SG 1994. Molecular evidence for degradation and preservation of organic matter in the anoxic Black Sea Basin. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 58:3395–406
     [Google Scholar]
133. Sun M-Y, Zou L, Dai J, Ding H, Culp RA, Scranton MI 2004. Molecular carbon isotopic fractionation of algal lipids during decomposition in natural oxic and anoxic seawaters. Org. Geochem. 35:895–908
     [Google Scholar]
134. Svensson E, Schouten S, Stam A, Middelburg JJ, Sinninghe Damsté JS 2015. Compound‐specific stable isotope analysis of nitrogen-containing intact polar lipids. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 29:2263–71
     [Google Scholar]
135. Taipale SJ, Peltomaa E, Hiltunen M, Jones RI, Hahn MW et al. 2015. Inferring phytoplankton, terrestrial plant and bacteria bulk δ¹³C values from compound specific analyses of lipids and fatty acids. PLOS ONE 10:e0133974
     [Google Scholar]
136. Takano Y, Chikaraishi Y, Ogawa NO, Kitazato H, Ohkouchi N 2009. Compound-specific nitrogen isotope analysis of d-alanine, l-alanine, and valine: application of diastereomer separation to δ¹⁵N and microbial peptidoglycan studies. Anal. Chem. 81:394–99
     [Google Scholar]
137. Tang T, Mohr W, Sattin S, Rogers D, Girguis P, Pearson A 2017. Geochemically distinct carbon isotope distributions in Allochromatium vinosum DSM 180^T grown photoautotrophically and photoheterotrophically. Geobiology 15:324–39
     [Google Scholar]
138. Teece MA, Fogel ML 2004. Preparation of ecological and biochemical samples for isotope analysis. Handbook of Stable Isotope Analytical Techniques 1 PA de Groot 177–202 Amsterdam: Elsevier
     [Google Scholar]
139. Teece MA, Fogel ML 2007. Stable carbon isotope biogeochemistry of monosaccharides in aquatic organisms and terrestrial plants. Org. Geochem. 38:458–73
     [Google Scholar]
140. Teece MA, Fogel ML, Dollhopf ME, Nealson KH 1999. Isotopic fractionation associated with biosynthesis of fatty acids by a marine bacterium under oxic and anoxic conditions. Org. Geochem. 30:1571–79
     [Google Scholar]
141. Tobias HJ, Sacks GL, Zhang Y, Brenna JT 2008. Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 80:8613–21
     [Google Scholar]
142. Tolosa I, Miquel J-C, Gasser B, Raimbault P, Goyet C, Claustre H 2008. Distribution of lipid biomarkers and carbon isotope fractionation in contrasting trophic environments of the South East Pacific. Biogeosciences 5:949–68
     [Google Scholar]
143. van Dongen BE, Schouten S, Sinninghe Damsté JS 2002. Carbon isotope variability in monosaccharides and lipids of aquatic algae and terrestrial plants. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 232:83–92
     [Google Scholar]
144. Wakeham SG, Lewis CM, Hopmans EC, Schouten S, Sinninghe Damsté JS 2003. Archaea mediate anaerobic oxidation of methane in deep euxinic waters of the Black Sea. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 67:1359–74
     [Google Scholar]
145. Wakeham SG, McNichol AP 2014. Transfer of organic carbon through marine water columns to sediments–insights from stable and radiocarbon isotopes of lipid biomarkers. Biogeosciences 11:6895–914
     [Google Scholar]
146. Wakeham SG, McNichol AP, Kostka JE, Pease TK 2006. Natural-abundance radiocarbon as a tracer of assimilation of petroleum carbon by bacteria in salt marsh sediments. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 70:1761–71
     [Google Scholar]
147. Wakeham SG, Turich C, Schubotz F, Podlaska A, Li XN et al. 2012. Biomarkers, chemistry and microbiology show chemoautotrophy in a multilayer chemocline in the Cariaco Basin. Deep-Sea Res. I 63:133–56
     [Google Scholar]
148. Wang W-L, Lee C, Cochran JK, Primeau FW, Armstrong RA 2017. A novel statistical analysis of chloropigment fluxes to constrain particle exchange and organic matter remineralization rate constants in the Mediterranean Sea. Mar. Chem. 192:49–58
     [Google Scholar]
149. Wang X-C, Druffel ER, Griffin S, Lee C, Kashgarian M 1998. Radiocarbon studies of organic compound classes in plankton and sediment of the northeastern Pacific Ocean. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 62:1365–78
     [Google Scholar]
150. Werne JP, Lyons TW, Hollander DJ, Schouten S, Hopmans EC, Sinninghe Damsté JS 2008. Investigating pathways of diagenetic organic matter sulfurization using compound-specific sulfur isotope analysis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 72:3489–502
     [Google Scholar]
151. Wilkes EB, Lee RB, McClelland HL, Rickaby RE, Pearson A 2018. Carbon isotope ratios of coccolith-associated polysaccharides of Emiliania huxleyi as a function of growth rate and CO₂ concentration. Org. Geochem. 119:1–10
     [Google Scholar]
152. Yamaguchi YT, Chikaraishi Y, Takano Y, Ogawa NO, Imachi H et al. 2017. Fractionation of nitrogen isotopes during amino acid metabolism in heterotrophic and chemolithoautotrophic microbes across Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea: effects of nitrogen sources and metabolic pathways. Org. Geochem. 111:101–12
     [Google Scholar]
153. Yamaguchi YT, McCarthy MD 2018. Sources and transformation of dissolved and particulate organic nitrogen in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre indicated by compound-specific δ¹⁵N analysis of amino acids. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 220:329–47
     [Google Scholar]
154. Zeebe RE, Wolf-Gladrow DA 2001. CO₂ in Seawater: Equilibrium, Kinetics, Isotopes Amsterdam: ElsevierThe seminal reference for inorganic carbon isotope systematics in seawater.
155. Zhang L, Altabet MA 2008. Amino-group-specific natural abundance nitrogen isotope ratio analysis in amino acids. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 22:559–66
     [Google Scholar]
156. Zhang X, Gillespie AL, Sessions AL 2009. Large D/H variations in bacterial lipids reflect central metabolic pathways. PNAS 106:12580–86
     [Google Scholar]