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Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology

Volume 61, 2021

New Drugs, Old Targets: Tweaking the Dopamine System to Treat Psychostimulant Use Disorders

Abstract

The abuse of illicit psychostimulants such as cocaine and methamphetamine continues to pose significant health and societal challenges. Despite considerable efforts to develop medications to treat psychostimulant use disorders, none have proven effective, leaving an underserved patient population and unanswered questions about what mechanism(s) of action should be targeted for developing pharmacotherapies. As both cocaine and methamphetamine rapidly increase dopamine (DA) levels in mesolimbic brain regions, leading to euphoria that in some can lead to addiction, targets in which this increased dopaminergic tone may be mitigated have been explored. Further, understanding and targeting mechanisms underlying relapse are fundamental to the success of discovering medications that reduce the reinforcing effects of the drug of abuse, decrease the negative reinforcement or withdrawal/negative affect that occurs during abstinence, or both. Atypical inhibitors of the DA transporter and partial agonists/antagonists at DA D receptors are described as two promising targets for future drug development.

Keyword(s): cocaine, dopamine D3 receptor, dopamine transporter, JJC8-091, methamphetamine, modafinil, VK4-40
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-030220-124205
2021-01-06
2024-04-20
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-030220-124205
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New Drugs, Old Targets: Tweaking the Dopamine System to Treat Psychostimulant Use Disorders
Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology 61, 609 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-030220-124205
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-030220-124205
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-030220-124205
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