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Climate Change and Human Behavior

"Sports and health go hand in hand, offering people all over the world, of different abilities and ages, the chance for happier, healthier and more productive lives."–World Health Organization (WHO)

Our understanding of and societal interest in sports and fitness has accelerated in recent decades. Research confirms that engaging in sports significantly enhances physical and mental health, and that physical activity is a key to managing disease. Exercise helps to mitigate age-related health issues such as dementia and promotes healthy development in children and young people.

From updated safety guidelines in various sports to the development of new technologies, supplements, and nutritional programs aimed at optimizing physical performance, researchers worldwide are sharing their findings in support of health and fitness initiatives.

In recognition of the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, Annual Reviews has curated this new collection of review articles that delve into modern research covering sports and its impact on society. These reviews cover a wide range of fields of study including nutrition, psychology, chemistry, anthropology, and technology.

In this interdisciplinary collection, our experts discuss four sport-related topics:

  • Health and Safety
  • Psychology and Sociology
  • Technology and Data Analytics
  • Physiology and Athletic Performance Enhancers

The Sport and Society Collection comprises 21 review articles from 13 Annual Reviews journals which are either Open Access or freely available to download thanks to our Subscribe to Open program.


Health and Safety in Sports

Updated Recommendations for Athletes with Heart Disease

RACHEL LAMPERT and DOUGLAS P. ZIPES, Annual Review of Medicine

Mitigating the Consequences of Subconcussive Head Injuries

ERIC A. NAUMAN, THOMAS M. TALAVAGE, and PAUL S. AUERBACH, Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering

The Psychology of Environmental Decisions

Ben R. Newell, Rachel I. McDonald, Marilynn Brewer, and Brett K. Hayes, Annual Review of Environmental and Resources

The Role of Exercise in Management of Mental Health Disorders: An Integrative Review

PATRICK J. SMITH and RHONDA M. MERWIN, Annual Review of Medicine

Cognitive Aging and the Promise of Physical Activity

KIRK I. ERICKSON, SHANNON D. DONOFRY, KELSEY R. SEWELL, BELINDA M. BROWN, and CHELSEA M. STILLMAN, Annual Review of Clinical Psychology

The Psychology and Sociology of Sports

Social Motivation at Work: The Organizational Psychology of Effort for, Against, and with Others

ADAM M. GRANT and MARISSA S. SHANDELL, Annual Review of Psychology

The Psychology of Athletic Endeavor

MARK R. BEAUCHAMP, ALAN KINGSTONE, and NIKOS NTOUMANIS, Annual Review of Psychology

Sport and Society

ROBERT E. WASHINGTON and DAVID KAREN, Annual Review of Sociology

The Critical Sociology of Race and Sport: The First Fifty Years

BEN CARRINGTON, Annual Review of Sociology

Sport, Modernity, and the Body

NIKO BESNIER and SUSAN BROWNELL, Annual Review of Anthropology

Technology and Data Analytics

The Fluid Dynamics of Competitive Swimming 

TIMOTHY WEI, RUSSELL MARK, and SEAN HUTCHISON, Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics

Modeling Player and Team Performance in Basketball

ZACHARY TERNER and ALEXANDER FRANKS, Annual Review of Environment and Resources

Player Tracking Data in Sports

STEPHANIE A. KOVALCHIK, Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application

How the CYBATHLON Competition Has Advanced Assistive Technologies

LUKAS JAEGER, ROBERTO DE SOUZA BAPTISTA, CHIARA BASLA, PATRICIA CAPSI-MORALES, YONG KUK KIM, SHURO NAKAJIMA, CRISTINA PIAZZA, MICHAEL SOMMERHALDER, LUCA TONIN, GIACOMO VALLE, ROBERT RIENER, and ROLAND SIGRIST, Annual Review of Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Vehicles

Current Solutions and Future Trends for Robotic Prosthetic Hands

VINCENT MENDEZ, FRANCESCO IBERITE, SOLAIMAN SHOKUR, and SILVESTRO MICERA, Annual Review of Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Vehicles

The Influence of Muscle Physiology and Advanced Technology on Sports Performance

RICHARD R. NEPTUNE, CRAIG P. MCGOWAN, and JOHN M. FIANDT, Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering 

Physiology and Athletic Performance Enhancers

Dietary Fuels in Athletic Performance

ANDREAS MÆCHEL FRITZEN, ANNE-MARIE LUNDSGAARD, and BENTE KIENS, Annual Review of Nutrition

Dietary Nitrate and Physical Performance

ANDREW M. JONES, CHRISTOPHER THOMPSON, LEE J. WYLIE, and ANNI VANHATALO, Annual Review of Nutrition

Cumulative Muscle Protein Synthesis and Protein Intake Requirements

ERIN SIMMONS, JAMES D. FLUCKEY, and STEVEN E. RIECHMAN, Annual Review of Nutrition

Genetics of Athletic Performance

ELAINE A. OSTRANDER, HEATHER J. HUSON, and GARY K. OSTRANDER, Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics

Recent Advances in the Application of Metabolomics for Nutrition and Health

DIANA GONZÁLEZ-PEÑA and LORRAINE BRENNAN, Annual Review of Food Science and Technology

The Analytical Chemistry of Drug Monitoring in Athletes

LARRY D. BOWERS, Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry


Annual Reviews is a nonprofit publisher with a mission to synthesize and integrate knowledge for the progress of science and the benefit of society. We currently publish 51 highly cited journals in the Biomedical, Life, Physical, and Social Sciences, including Economics.

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