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Annual Review of Plant Biology

Volume 71, 2020

Rapid Auxin-Mediated Cell Expansion

Abstract

The promotive effect of auxin on shoot cell expansion provided the bioassay used to isolate this central plant hormone nearly a century ago. While the mechanisms underlying auxin perception and signaling to regulate transcription have largely been elucidated, how auxin controls cell expansion is only now attaining molecular-level definition. The good news is that the decades-old acid growth theory invoking plasma membrane H+-ATPase activation is still useful. The better news is that a mechanistic framework has emerged, wherein Small Auxin Up RNA (SAUR) proteins regulate protein phosphatases to control H+-ATPase activity. In this review, we focus on rapid auxin effects, their relationship to H+-ATPase activation and other transporters, and dependence on TIR1/AFB signaling. We also discuss how some observations, such as near-instantaneous effects on ion transport and root growth, do not fit into a single, comprehensive explanation of how auxin controls cell expansion, and where more research is warranted.

Keyword(s): acid growth, auxin, cell expansion, elongation, PM H+-ATPase, SAUR-PP2C.D
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2020-04-29
2025-04-23
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-arplant-073019-025907
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Rapid Auxin-Mediated Cell Expansion
Annual Review of Plant Biology 71, 379 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-073019-025907
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-arplant-073019-025907
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-arplant-073019-025907
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Supplementary Data

  • Supplemental Video 1: Apical segments from wild-type (left) and 35S:GFP-SAUR19 (right) etiolated tomato hypocotyls were excised, incubated for 1h on control media, and then transferred to media containing 10 µM IAA. After transfer, images were collected at 10 min intervals over a period of 4 h. See Spartz et al. 2017 Plant Physiol. 173: 1453-1462 for additional details.

    Supplemental Video 2: Apical segments from wild-type (left) and 35S:GFP-SAUR19 (right) etiolated tomato hypocotyls were excised, incubated for 1h on control media, and then transferred to a second control plate lacking IAA. After transfer, images were collected at 10 min intervals over a period of 4 h. See Spartz et al. 2017 Plant Physiol. 173: 1453-1462 for additional details.

  • Article Type: Review Article

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