1932
0
  1. Home
  2. A-Z Publications
  3. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics
  4. Volume 54, 2016
  5. Article

Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics

Volume 54, 2016

The Evolution of the Intergalactic Medium

Abstract

The bulk of cosmic matter resides in a dilute reservoir that fills the space between galaxies, the intergalactic medium (IGM). The history of this reservoir is intimately tied to the cosmic histories of structure formation, star formation, and supermassive black hole accretion. Our models for the IGM at intermediate redshifts (2≲≲5) are a tremendous success, quantitatively explaining the statistics of Lyα absorption of intergalactic hydrogen. However, at both lower and higher redshifts (and around galaxies) much is still unknown about the IGM. We review the theoretical models and measurements that form the basis for the modern understanding of the IGM, and we discuss unsolved puzzles (ranging from the largely unconstrained process of reionization at high to the missing baryon problem at low ), highlighting the efforts that have the potential to solve them.

Keyword(s): IGM, intergalactic medium, large-scale structure, Lyα forest, physical cosmology, quasar absorption lines, reionization
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-astro-082214-122355
2016-09-19
2024-12-07
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/astro/54/1/annurev-astro-082214-122355.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-astro-082214-122355&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

Literature Cited

  1. Abel T, Bryan GL, Norman ML. 2002. Science 295:93–98 [Google Scholar]
  2. Adelberger KL, Shapley AE, Steidel CC. et al. 2005. Ap. J. 629:636–53 [Google Scholar]
  3. Adshead PJ, Furlanetto SR. 2008. MNRAS 384:291–304 [Google Scholar]
  4. Agafonova II, Levshakov SA, Reimers D. et al. 2007. Astron. Astrophys. 461:893–909 [Google Scholar]
  5. Aguirre A, Dow-Hygelund C, Schaye J, Theuns T. 2008. Ap. J. 689:851–64 [Google Scholar]
  6. Aguirre A, Hernquist L, Schaye J. et al. 2001a. Ap. J. 561:521–49 [Google Scholar]
  7. Aguirre A, Hernquist L, Schaye J. et al. 2001b. Ap. J. 560:599–605 [Google Scholar]
  8. Aguirre A, Schaye J, Kim TS. et al. 2004. Ap. J. 602:38–50 [Google Scholar]
  9. Aguirre A, Schaye J, Theuns T. 2002. Ap. J. 576:1–20 [Google Scholar]
  10. Ali ZS, Parsons AR, Zheng H. et al. 2015. Ap. J. 809:61 [Google Scholar]
  11. Altay G, Theuns T, Schaye J, Booth CM, Dalla Vecchia C. 2013. MNRAS 436:2689–707 [Google Scholar]
  12. Altay G, Theuns T, Schaye J, Crighton NHM, Dalla Vecchia C. 2011. Ap. J. Lett. 737:L37 [Google Scholar]
  13. Alvarez MA, Abel T. 2012. Ap. J. 747:126 [Google Scholar]
  14. Alvarez MA, Komatsu E, Doré O, Shapiro PR. 2006. Ap. J. 647:840–52 [Google Scholar]
  15. Arinyo-i-Prats A, Miralda-Escudé J, Viel M, Cen R. 2015. J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 12:017 [Google Scholar]
  16. Arons J, McCray R. 1970. Ap. J. Lett. 5:L123 [Google Scholar]
  17. Atrio-Barandela F, Mücket JP. 2006. Ap. J. 643:1–7 [Google Scholar]
  18. Austermann JE, Aird KA, Beall JA. et al. 2012. Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VI WS Holland, J Zmuidinas Proc. SPIE Conf. Ser. 845284521E Bellingham, WA: SPIE [Google Scholar]
  19. Bahcall JN, Salpeter EE. 1965. Ap. J. 142:1677–80 [Google Scholar]
  20. Barkana R, Loeb A. 1999. Ap. J. 523:54–65 [Google Scholar]
  21. Barkana R, Loeb A. 2001. Phys. Rep. 349:125–238 [Google Scholar]
  22. Barkana R, Loeb A. 2004. Ap. J. 609:474–81 [Google Scholar]
  23. Beardsley AP. 2015. Ph.D. thesis, University of Washington, Seattle. [Google Scholar]
  24. Beardsley AP, Hazelton BJ, Morales MF. et al. 2013. MNRAS 429:L5–9 [Google Scholar]
  25. Becker GD, Bolton JS. 2013. MNRAS 436:1023–39 [Google Scholar]
  26. Becker GD, Bolton JS, Haehnelt MG, Sargent WLW. 2011. MNRAS 410:1096–112 [Google Scholar]
  27. Becker GD, Bolton JS, Madau P. et al. 2015. MNRAS 447:3402–19 [Google Scholar]
  28. Becker RH, Fan X, White RL. et al. 2001. Astron. J. 122:2850–57 [Google Scholar]
  29. Behroozi PS, Silk J. 2015. Ap. J. 799:32 [Google Scholar]
  30. Belikov AV, Hooper D. 2009. Phys. Rev. D 80:035007 [Google Scholar]
  31. Bergeron J, Petitjean P, Aracil B. 2004. Messenger 118:40 [Google Scholar]
  32. Bernardi G, McQuinn M, Greenhill LJ. 2015. Ap. J. 799:90 [Google Scholar]
  33. Bertone S, White SDM. 2006. MNRAS 367:247–58 [Google Scholar]
  34. Bi HG, Boerner G, Chu Y. 1992. Astron. Astrophys. 266:1–5 [Google Scholar]
  35. Bird S, Vogelsberger M, Sijacki D. et al. 2013. MNRAS 429:3341–52 [Google Scholar]
  36. Boera E, Murphy MT, Becker GD, Bolton JS. 2014. MNRAS 441:1916–33 [Google Scholar]
  37. Bolton JS, Becker GD. 2009. MNRAS 398:L26–30 [Google Scholar]
  38. Bolton JS, Becker GD, Haehnelt MG, Viel M. 2014. MNRAS 438:2499–507 [Google Scholar]
  39. Bolton JS, Haehnelt MG. 2007. MNRAS 382:325–41 [Google Scholar]
  40. Bolton JS, Haehnelt MG. 2013. MNRAS 429:1695–704 [Google Scholar]
  41. Bolton JS, Haehnelt MG, Viel M, Carswell RF. 2006. MNRAS 366:1378–90 [Google Scholar]
  42. Bolton JS, Haehnelt MG, Viel M, Springel V. 2005. MNRAS 357:1178–88 [Google Scholar]
  43. Bolton JS, Viel M, Kim T, Haehnelt MG, Carswell RF. 2008. MNRAS 386:1131–44 [Google Scholar]
  44. Bosman SEI, Becker GD. 2015. MNRAS 452:1105–11 [Google Scholar]
  45. Bouwens RJ, Illingworth GD, Oesch PA. et al. 2015a. Ap. J. 811:140 [Google Scholar]
  46. Bouwens RJ, Illingworth GD, Oesch PA. et al. 2012. Ap. J. 754:83 [Google Scholar]
  47. Bouwens RJ, Illingworth GD, Oesch PA. et al. 2015b. Ap. J. 803:34 [Google Scholar]
  48. Bovill MS, Ricotti M. 2009. Ap. J. 693:1859–70 [Google Scholar]
  49. Bowman JD, Rogers AEE. 2010. Nature 468:796–98 [Google Scholar]
  50. Boylan-Kolchin M, Bullock JS, Garrison-Kimmel S. 2014. MNRAS 443:L44–48 [Google Scholar]
  51. Bregman JN. 2007. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 45:221–59 [Google Scholar]
  52. Bromm V, Kudritzki RP, Loeb A. 2001. Ap. J. 552:464–72 [Google Scholar]
  53. Bromm V, Larson RB. 2004. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 42:79–118 [Google Scholar]
  54. Bromm V, Yoshida N. 2011. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 49:373–407 [Google Scholar]
  55. Brown TM, Tumlinson J, Geha M. et al. 2012. Ap. J. Lett. 753:L21 [Google Scholar]
  56. Bullock JS, Kravtsov AV, Weinberg DH. 2000. Ap. J. 539:517–21 [Google Scholar]
  57. Burns JO, Lazio J, Bale S. et al. 2012. Adv. Space Res. 49:433–50 [Google Scholar]
  58. Calura F, Tescari E, D'Odorico V. et al. 2012. MNRAS 422:3019–36 [Google Scholar]
  59. Cen R. 2003. Ap. J. 591:12–37 [Google Scholar]
  60. Cen R, Miralda-Escudé J, Ostriker JP, Rauch M. 1994. Ap. J. Lett. 437:L9–12 [Google Scholar]
  61. Cen R, Ostriker J. 1992. Ap. J. 393:22–41 [Google Scholar]
  62. Cen R, Ostriker JP. 1999. Ap. J. 514:1–6 [Google Scholar]
  63. Cen R, Ostriker JP. 2006. Ap. J. 650:560–72 [Google Scholar]
  64. Chang P, Broderick AE, Pfrommer C. 2012. Ap. J. 752:23 [Google Scholar]
  65. Chardin J, Haehnelt MG, Aubert D, Puchwein E. 2015. MNRAS 453:2943 [Google Scholar]
  66. Chen X, Miralda-Escudé J. 2004. Ap. J. 602:1–11 [Google Scholar]
  67. Choudhury TR, Haehnelt MG, Regan J. 2009. MNRAS 394:960–77 [Google Scholar]
  68. Choudhury TR, Puchwein E, Haehnelt MG, Bolton JS. 2015. MNRAS 452:261–77 [Google Scholar]
  69. Ciardi G, Bolton JS, Maselli A, Graziani L. 2012. MNRAS 423:558–74 [Google Scholar]
  70. Ciardi G, Madau P. 2003. Ap. J. 596:1–8 [Google Scholar]
  71. Ciardi G, Scannapieco E, Stoehr F. et al. 2006. MNRAS 366:689–96 [Google Scholar]
  72. Ciardi G, Stoehr E, White SDM. 2003. MNRAS 343:1101–9 [Google Scholar]
  73. Cohn JD, Chang TC. 2007. MNRAS 374:72–94 [Google Scholar]
  74. Compostella M, Cantalupo S, Porciani C. 2013. MNRAS 435:3169–90 [Google Scholar]
  75. Cowie LL, Songaila A. 1998. Nature 394:44–46 [Google Scholar]
  76. Croft RAC. 2004. Ap. J. 610:642–62 [Google Scholar]
  77. Croft RAC, Di Matteo T, Davé R. et al. 2001. Ap. J. 557:67–87 [Google Scholar]
  78. Croft RAC, Weinberg DH, Bolte M. et al. 2002. Ap. J. 581:20–52 [Google Scholar]
  79. Croft RAC, Weinberg DH, Pettini M, Hernquist L, Katz N. 1999. Ap. J. 520:1–23 [Google Scholar]
  80. D'Aloisio A, McQuinn MJ, Trac H. 2015. Ap. J. Lett. 813L38 [Google Scholar]
  81. D'Odorico V, Cupani G, Cristiani S. et al. 2013. MNRAS 435:1198–232 [Google Scholar]
  82. Dalcanton J, Seager S, Aigrain S. et al. 2015. From cosmic birth to living earths: the future of UVOIR space astronomy AURA Rep. 072715, Assoc. Univ. Res. Astron., Washington, DC. http://www.hdstvision.org/report [Google Scholar]
  83. Dalcanton JJ. 2007. Ap. J. 658:941–59 [Google Scholar]
  84. Danforth CW, Keeney BA, Tilton EM. et al. 2016. Ap. J. 817:111 [Google Scholar]
  85. Davé R, Cen R, Ostriker JP. et al. 2001. Ap. J. 552:473–83 [Google Scholar]
  86. Davé R, Finlator K, Oppenheimer BD. 2011. MNRAS 416:1354–76 [Google Scholar]
  87. Davé R, Hernquist L, Weinberg DH, Katz N. 1997. Ap. J. 477:21–26 [Google Scholar]
  88. Davé R, Oppenheimer BD, Katz N, Kollmeier JA, Weinberg DH. 2010. MNRAS 408:2051–70 [Google Scholar]
  89. Davies FB, Furlanetto SR. 2014. MNRAS 437:1141–54 [Google Scholar]
  90. Davies FB, Furlanetto SR. 2015. arXiv:1509.07131
  91. DeBoer D, Bowman JD, Jacobs D. et al. 2014. Exascale Radio Astronomy 1:10304 [Google Scholar]
  92. Dijkstra M, Haiman Z, Loeb A. 2004. Ap. J. 613:646–54 [Google Scholar]
  93. Dijkstra M, Lidz Wyithe A. 2007. MNRAS 377:1175–86 [Google Scholar]
  94. Dillon JS, Neben AR, Hewitt JN. et al. 2015. Phys. Rev. D 91:123011 [Google Scholar]
  95. Dodelson S. 2003. Modern Cosmology San Diego, CA: Academic [Google Scholar]
  96. Doré O, Holder G, Alvarez M. et al. 2007. Phys. Rev. D 76:043002 [Google Scholar]
  97. Dvorkin C, Smith KM. 2009. Phys. Rev. D 79:043003 [Google Scholar]
  98. Efstathiou G. 1992. MNRAS 256:43P–47P [Google Scholar]
  99. Ellis RS, McLure RJ, Dunlop JS. et al. 2013. Ap. J. Lett. 763:L7 [Google Scholar]
  100. Ellison SL, Songaila A, Schaye J, Pettini M. 2000. Astron. J. 120:1175–91 [Google Scholar]
  101. Fan X, Carilli CL, Keating B. 2006. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 44:415–62 [Google Scholar]
  102. Fan X, Narayanan VK, Strauss MA. et al. 2002. Astron. J. 123:1247–57 [Google Scholar]
  103. Fan X, Strauss MA, Becker RH. et al. 2006. Astron. J. 132:117–36 [Google Scholar]
  104. Fardal MA, Giroux ML, Shull JM. 1998. Astron. J. 115:2206–30 [Google Scholar]
  105. Faucher-Giguère C, Lidz A, Zaldarriaga M, Hernquist L. 2009. Ap. J. 703:1416–43 [Google Scholar]
  106. Faucher-Giguère C, Prochaska JX, Lidz A, Hernquist L, Zaldarriaga M. 2008a. Ap. J. 681:831–55 [Google Scholar]
  107. Faucher-Giguère CA, Keres D, Dijkstra M, Hernquist L, Zaldarriaga M. 2010. Ap. J. 725:633–57 [Google Scholar]
  108. Faucher-Giguère CA, Lidz A, Hernquist L, Zaldarriaga M. 2008b. Ap. J. 688:85–107 [Google Scholar]
  109. Fechner C. 2011. Astron. Astrophys. 532:A62 [Google Scholar]
  110. Fechner C, Reimers D. 2007. Astron. Astrophys. 461:847–59 [Google Scholar]
  111. Fialkov A, Barkana R, Visbal E. 2014. Nature 506:197–99 [Google Scholar]
  112. Field GB. 1958. Proc. IRE 46:240 [Google Scholar]
  113. Fields B, Sarkar S. 2006. J. Phys. G 33:1 [Google Scholar]
  114. Finkelstein SL, Papovich C, Ryan RE. et al. 2012a. Ap. J. 758:93 [Google Scholar]
  115. Finkelstein SL, Papovich C, Salmon B. et al. 2012b. Ap. J. 756:164 [Google Scholar]
  116. Finlator K, Özel F, Davé R, Oppenheimer BD. 2009. MNRAS 400:1049–61 [Google Scholar]
  117. Fukugita M, Peebles PJE. 2004. Ap. J. 616:643–68 [Google Scholar]
  118. Fumagalli M, O'Meara JM, Prochaska JX, Worseck G. 2013. Ap. J. 775:78 [Google Scholar]
  119. Furlanetto SR. 2006. MNRAS 371:867–78 [Google Scholar]
  120. Furlanetto SR. 2009. Ap. J. 703:702–16 [Google Scholar]
  121. Furlanetto SR, Hernquist L, Zaldarriaga M. 2004. MNRAS 354:695–707 [Google Scholar]
  122. Furlanetto SR, Lidz A. 2007. Ap. J. 660:1030–38 [Google Scholar]
  123. Furlanetto SR, Loeb A. 2004. Ap. J. 611:642–54 [Google Scholar]
  124. Furlanetto SR, McQuinn M, Hernquist L. 2005. MNRAS 365:115 [Google Scholar]
  125. Furlanetto SR, Oh SP. 2005. MNRAS 363:1031–48 [Google Scholar]
  126. Furlanetto SR, Oh SP. 2008. Ap. J. 681:1–17 [Google Scholar]
  127. Furlanetto SR, Oh SP. 2009. Ap. J. 701:94–104 [Google Scholar]
  128. Furlanetto SR, Oh SP, Briggs FH. 2006. Phys. Rep. 433:181–301 [Google Scholar]
  129. Furlanetto SR, Zaldarriaga M, Hernquist L. 2004. Ap. J. 613:1–15 [Google Scholar]
  130. Garzilli A, Bolton JS, Kim TS, Leach S, Viel M. 2012. MNRAS 424:1723–36 [Google Scholar]
  131. Génova-Santos R, Suárez-Velásquez I, Atrio-Barandela F, Mücket JP. 2013. MNRAS 432:2480–87 [Google Scholar]
  132. George EM, Reichardt CL, Aird KA. et al. 2015. Ap. J. 799:177 [Google Scholar]
  133. Giallongo E, Grazian A, Fiore F. et al. 2015. Astron. Astrophys. 578:A83 [Google Scholar]
  134. Giroux ML, Shapiro PR. 1996. Ap. J. Suppl. 102:191 [Google Scholar]
  135. Gnedin NY. 2000. Ap. J. 542:535–41 [Google Scholar]
  136. Gnedin NY. 2004. Ap. J. 610:9–13 [Google Scholar]
  137. Gnedin NY. 2014. Ap. J. 793:29 [Google Scholar]
  138. Gnedin NY, Fan X. 2006. Ap. J. 648:1–6 [Google Scholar]
  139. Gnedin NY, Hui L. 1998. MNRAS 296:44–55 [Google Scholar]
  140. Gnedin NY, Kravtsov AV, Chen HW. 2008. Ap. J. 672:765–75 [Google Scholar]
  141. Gnedin NY, Ostriker JP. 1997. Ap. J. 486:581–98 [Google Scholar]
  142. Gontcho Gontcho A, S, Miralda-Escudé J, Busca NG. 2014. MNRAS 442:187–95 [Google Scholar]
  143. Greif TH, Springel V, White SDM. et al. 2011. Ap. J. 737:75 [Google Scholar]
  144. Gruzinov A, Hu W. 1998. Ap. J. 508:435–39 [Google Scholar]
  145. Gunn JE, Peterson BA. 1965. Ap. J. 142:1633–36 [Google Scholar]
  146. Haardt F, Madau P. 1996. Ap. J. 461:20 [Google Scholar]
  147. Haardt F, Madau P. 2012. Ap. J. 746:125 [Google Scholar]
  148. Haiman Z, Abel T, Rees MJ. 2000. Ap. J. 534:11–24 [Google Scholar]
  149. Haiman Z, Holder GP. 2003. Ap. J. 595:1–12 [Google Scholar]
  150. Haiman Z, Spaans M. 1999. Ap. J. 518:138–44 [Google Scholar]
  151. Heap SR, Williger GM, Smette A. et al. 2000. Ap. J. 534:69–89 [Google Scholar]
  152. Heger A, Woosley SE. 2002. Ap. J. 567:532–43 [Google Scholar]
  153. Hellsten U, Gnedin NY, Miralda-Escudé J. 1998. Ap. J. 509:56–61 [Google Scholar]
  154. Hernquist L, Katz N, Weinberg DH, Miralda-Escudé J. 1996. Ap. J. Lett. 457:L51 [Google Scholar]
  155. Hinshaw G, Larson D, Komatsu E. et al. 2013. Ap. J. Suppl. 208:19 [Google Scholar]
  156. Hoeft M, Yepes G, Gottlöber S, Springel V. 2006. MNRAS 371:401–14 [Google Scholar]
  157. Hogan CJ, Anderson SF, Rugers MH. 1997. Astron. J. 113:1495–504 [Google Scholar]
  158. Holder GP, Haiman Z, Kaplinghat M, Knox L. 2003. Ap. J. 595:13–18 [Google Scholar]
  159. Hopkins PF, Hernquist L, Cox TJ, Keres D. 2008. Ap. J. Suppl. 175:356–89 [Google Scholar]
  160. Hopkins PF, Richards GT, Hernquist L. 2007. Ap. J. 654:731–53 [Google Scholar]
  161. Hu EM, Kim TS, Cowie LL, Songaila A, Rauch M. 1995. Astron. J. 110:1526 [Google Scholar]
  162. Hu W. 2000. Ap. J. 529:12–25 [Google Scholar]
  163. Hui L, Gnedin NY. 1997. MNRAS 292:27–42 [Google Scholar]
  164. Hui L, Haiman Z. 2003. Ap. J. 596:9–18 [Google Scholar]
  165. Hui L, Rutledge RE. 1999. Ap. J. 517:541–48 [Google Scholar]
  166. Iliev IT, Mellema G, Pen UL. et al. 2006. MNRAS 369:1625–38 [Google Scholar]
  167. Iliev IT, Pen UL, Bond JR, Mellema G, Shapiro PR. 2007. Ap. J. 660:933–44 [Google Scholar]
  168. Iliev IT, Shapiro PR, Raga AC. 2005. MNRAS 361:405–14 [Google Scholar]
  169. Inoue AK, Kamaya H. 2003. MNRAS 341:L7–11 [Google Scholar]
  170. Iwata I, Inoue AK, Matsuda Y. et al. 2009. Ap. J. 692:1287–93 [Google Scholar]
  171. Iye M, Ota K, Kashikawa N. et al. 2006. Nature 443:186–88 [Google Scholar]
  172. Jacobs DC, Hazelton BJ, Trott CM. et al. 2016. Ap. J. 825:114 [Google Scholar]
  173. Johnson JL, Khochfar S. 2011. Ap. J. 743:126 [Google Scholar]
  174. Katz N, Hernquist L, Weinberg DH. 1992. Ap. J. Lett. 399:L109–12 [Google Scholar]
  175. Katz N, Weinberg DH, Hernquist L, Miralda-Escudé J. 1996. Ap. J. Lett. 457:L57 [Google Scholar]
  176. Kaurov AA, Gnedin NY. 2015. Ap. J. 810:154 [Google Scholar]
  177. Kawata D, Rauch M. 2007. Ap. J. 663:38–52 [Google Scholar]
  178. Keating LC, Haehnelt MG, Becker GD, Bolton JS. 2014. MNRAS 438:1820–31 [Google Scholar]
  179. Kereš D, Katz N, Weinberg DH, Davé R. 2005. MNRAS 363:2–28 [Google Scholar]
  180. Khaire V, Srianand R. 2015. MNRAS 451:L30–34 [Google Scholar]
  181. Kim T, Bolton JS, Viel M, Haehnelt MG, Carswell RF. 2007. MNRAS 382:1657–74 [Google Scholar]
  182. Kim TS, Hu EM, Cowie LL, Songaila A. 1997. Astron. J. 114:1–13 [Google Scholar]
  183. Kim TS, Partl AM, Carswell RF, Müller V. 2013. Astron. Astrophys. 552:A77 [Google Scholar]
  184. Kimm T, Cen R. 2014. Ap. J. 788:121 [Google Scholar]
  185. Kirkman D, Tytler D. 1997. Ap. J. 484:672–94 [Google Scholar]
  186. Kirkman D, Tytler D, Suzuki N. et al. 2005. MNRAS 360:1373–80 [Google Scholar]
  187. Klypin AA, Shandarin SF. 1983. MNRAS 204:891–907 [Google Scholar]
  188. Knox L, Scoccimarro R, Dodelson S. 1998. Phys. Rev. Lett. 81:2004–7 [Google Scholar]
  189. Kohler K, Gnedin NY. 2007. Ap. J. 655:685–90 [Google Scholar]
  190. Kollmeier JA, Weinberg DH, Oppenheimer BD. et al. 2014. Ap. J. Lett. 789:L32 [Google Scholar]
  191. Koopmans L, Pritchard J, Mellema G. et al. 2015. Presented at Advancing Astrophysics with the Square Kilometre Array (AASKA14), Giardini Naxos, Italy, June 9–13 No. 1. http://pos.sissa.it/archive/conferences/215/001/AASKA14_001.pdf [Google Scholar]
  192. Kravtsov AV, Borgani S. 2012. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 50:353–409 [Google Scholar]
  193. Kuhlen M, Faucher-Giguère CA. 2012. MNRAS 423:862–76 [Google Scholar]
  194. Kuhlen M, Vogelsberger M, Angulo R. 2012. Phys. Dark Univ. 1:50–93 [Google Scholar]
  195. Kulkarni G, Hennawi JF, Oñorbe J, Rorai A, Springel V. 2015. Ap. J. 812:30 [Google Scholar]
  196. Kulkarni G, Rollinde E, Hennawi JF, Vangioni E. 2013. Ap. J. 772:93 [Google Scholar]
  197. Kuntz KD, Snowden SL, Mushotzky RF. 2001. Ap. J. Lett. 548:L119–22 [Google Scholar]
  198. Lacki BC. 2015. MNRAS 448:L20–24 [Google Scholar]
  199. Lai K, Lidz A, Hernquist L, Zaldarriaga M. 2006. Ap. J. 644:61–70 [Google Scholar]
  200. Lee KG. 2012. Ap. J. 753:136 [Google Scholar]
  201. Lee KG, Bailey S, Bartsch LE. et al. 2013. Astron. J. 145:69 [Google Scholar]
  202. Lee KG, Hennawi JF, Spergel DN. et al. 2015. Ap. J. 799:196 [Google Scholar]
  203. Lidz A, Faucher-Giguère C, Dall'Aglio A. et al. 2010. Ap. J. 718:199–230 [Google Scholar]
  204. Lidz A, Heitmann K, Hui L. et al. 2006. Ap. J. 638:27–44 [Google Scholar]
  205. Lidz A, Malloy M. 2014. Ap. J. 788:175 [Google Scholar]
  206. Lidz A, Zahn O, Furlanetto SR. et al. 2009. Ap. J. 690:252–66 [Google Scholar]
  207. Lidz A, Zahn O, McQuinn M, Zaldarriaga M, Hernquist L. 2008. Ap. J. 680:962–74 [Google Scholar]
  208. Loeb A, Rybicki GB. 1999. Ap. J. 524:527–35 [Google Scholar]
  209. Lukić Z, Stark CW, Nugent P. et al. 2015. MNRAS 446:3697–724 [Google Scholar]
  210. Ma X, Kasen D, Hopkins PF. et al. 2015. MNRAS 453:960–75 [Google Scholar]
  211. Mac Low MM, Ferrara A. 1999. Ap. J. 513:142–55 [Google Scholar]
  212. Madau P, Haardt F. 2015. Ap. J. Lett. 813:L8 [Google Scholar]
  213. Madau P, Haardt F, Rees MJ. 1999. Ap. J. 514:648–59 [Google Scholar]
  214. Madau P, Meiksin A, Rees MJ. 1997. Ap. J. 475:429–44 [Google Scholar]
  215. Malloy M, Lidz A. 2015. Ap. J. 799:179 [Google Scholar]
  216. McDonald P, Eisenstein DJ. 2007. Phys. Rev. D 76:063009 [Google Scholar]
  217. McDonald P, Miralda-Escudé J, Rauch M. et al. 2000. Ap. J. 543:1–23 [Google Scholar]
  218. McDonald P, Miralda-Escudé J, Rauch M. et al. 2001. Ap. J. 562:52–75 [Google Scholar]
  219. McDonald P, Seljak U, Cen R, Bode P, Ostriker JP. 2005a. MNRAS 360:1471–82 [Google Scholar]
  220. McDonald P, Seljak U, Cen R. et al. 2005b. Ap. J. 635:761–83 [Google Scholar]
  221. McGreer ID, Mesinger A, D'Odorico V. 2015. MNRAS 447:499–505 [Google Scholar]
  222. McLure RJ, Dunlop JS, Bowler RAA. et al. 2013. MNRAS 432:2696–716 [Google Scholar]
  223. McQuinn M. 2009. Ap. J. Lett. 704:L89–92 [Google Scholar]
  224. McQuinn M. 2012. MNRAS 426:1349–60 [Google Scholar]
  225. McQuinn M, Furlanetto SR, Hernquist L, Zahn O, Zaldarriaga M. 2005. Ap. J. 630:643–56 [Google Scholar]
  226. McQuinn M, Hernquist L, Lidz A, Zaldarriaga M. 2011a. MNRAS 415:977–92 [Google Scholar]
  227. McQuinn M, Hernquist L, Zaldarriaga M, Dutta S. 2007a. MNRAS 381:75–96 [Google Scholar]
  228. McQuinn M, Lidz A, Zahn O. et al. 2007b. MNRAS 377:1043–63 [Google Scholar]
  229. McQuinn M, Lidz A, Zaldarriaga M, Hernquist L, Dutta S. 2008. MNRAS 388:1101–10 [Google Scholar]
  230. McQuinn M, Lidz A, Zaldarriaga M. et al. 2009. Ap. J. 694:842–66 [Google Scholar]
  231. McQuinn M, O'Leary RM. 2012. Ap. J. 760:3 [Google Scholar]
  232. McQuinn M, Oh SP, Faucher-Giguère CA. 2011b. Ap. J. 743:82 [Google Scholar]
  233. McQuinn M, Upton Sanderbeck P. 2016. MNRAS 456:47–54 [Google Scholar]
  234. McQuinn M, White M. 2011. MNRAS 415:2257–69 [Google Scholar]
  235. McQuinn M, Worseck G. 2014. MNRAS 440:2406–18 [Google Scholar]
  236. McQuinn M, Zahn O, Zaldarriaga M, Hernquist L, Furlanetto SR. 2006. Ap. J. 653:815–34 [Google Scholar]
  237. Meiksin A. 2006. MNRAS 365:807–12 [Google Scholar]
  238. Meiksin A, White M. 2001. MNRAS 324:141–48 [Google Scholar]
  239. Meiksin A, White M. 2003. MNRAS 342:1205–14 [Google Scholar]
  240. Meiksin A, White M. 2004. MNRAS 350:1107–26 [Google Scholar]
  241. Meiksin AA. 2009. Rev. Mod. Phys. 81:1405–69 [Google Scholar]
  242. Mellema G, Iliev IT, Pen UL, Shapiro PR. 2006. MNRAS 372:679–92 [Google Scholar]
  243. Mesinger A, Aykutalp A, Vanzella E. et al. 2015. MNRAS 446:566–77 [Google Scholar]
  244. Mesinger A, Furlanetto S, Cen R. 2011. MNRAS 411:955–72 [Google Scholar]
  245. Mesinger A, Furlanetto SR. 2008a. MNRAS 385:1348–58 [Google Scholar]
  246. Mesinger A, Furlanetto SR. 2008b. MNRAS 386:1990–2002 [Google Scholar]
  247. Mesinger A, Haiman Z. 2004. Ap. J. Lett. 611:L69–72 [Google Scholar]
  248. Mesinger A, McQuinn M, Spergel DN. 2012. MNRAS 422:1403–17 [Google Scholar]
  249. Mirabel IF, Dijkstra M, Laurent P, Loeb A, Pritchard JR. 2011. Astron. Astrophys. 528:A149 [Google Scholar]
  250. Miralda-Escudé J. 1993. MNRAS 262:273–76 [Google Scholar]
  251. Miralda-Escudé J. 1998. Ap. J. 501:15–22 [Google Scholar]
  252. Miralda-Escudé J. 2003. Ap. J. 597:66–73 [Google Scholar]
  253. Miralda-Escudé J. 2005. Ap. J. Lett. 620:L91–94 [Google Scholar]
  254. Miralda-Escudé J, Cen R, Ostriker JP, Rauch M. 1996. Ap. J. 471:582–616 [Google Scholar]
  255. Miralda-Escudé J, Haehnelt M, Rees MJ. 2000. Ap. J. 530:1–16 [Google Scholar]
  256. Miralda-Escudé J, Ostriker JP. 1990. Ap. J. 350:1–22 [Google Scholar]
  257. Miralda-Escudé J, Rees MJ. 1994. MNRAS 266:343–52 [Google Scholar]
  258. Morales MF. 2005. Ap. J. 619:678–83 [Google Scholar]
  259. Morales MF, Wyithe JSB. 2010. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 48:127–71 [Google Scholar]
  260. Mortlock DJ, Warren SJ, Venemans BP. et al. 2011. Nature 474:616–19 [Google Scholar]
  261. Mortonson MJ, Hu W. 2008. Ap. J. 672:737–51 [Google Scholar]
  262. Muñoz JA, Oh SP, Davies FB, Furlanetto SR. 2016. MNRAS 455:1385–97 [Google Scholar]
  263. Nagamine K, Choi JH, Yajima H. 2010. Ap. J. Lett. 725:L219–22 [Google Scholar]
  264. Naoz S, Noter S, Barkana R. 2006. MNRAS 373:L98–102 [Google Scholar]
  265. Niemack MD, Ade PAR, Aguirre J. et al. 2010. Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy V WS Holland, J Zmuidzinas Proc. SPIE Conf. Ser. 774177411S Bellingham, WA: SPIE [Google Scholar]
  266. Noh Y, McQuinn M. 2014. MNRAS 444:503–14 [Google Scholar]
  267. O'Meara JM, Lehner N, Howk JC. et al. 2015. Astron. J. 150:111 [Google Scholar]
  268. Oh SP. 2001. Ap. J. 553:499–512 [Google Scholar]
  269. Okamoto T, Gao L, Theuns T. 2008. MNRAS 390:920–28 [Google Scholar]
  270. Ono Y, Ouchi M, Mobasher B. et al. 2012. Ap. J. 744:83 [Google Scholar]
  271. Oppenheimer BD, Davé R. 2006. MNRAS 373:1265–92 [Google Scholar]
  272. Ostriker JP, Vishniac ET. 1986. Ap. J. Lett. 306:L51–54 [Google Scholar]
  273. Ouchi M, Shimasaku K, Furusawa H. et al. 2010. Ap. J. 723:869–94 [Google Scholar]
  274. Paciga G, Albert JG, Bandura K. et al. 2013. MNRAS 433:639–47 [Google Scholar]
  275. Pacucci F, Mesinger A, Mineo S, Ferrara A. 2014. MNRAS 443:678–86 [Google Scholar]
  276. Palanque-Delabrouille N, Yeche C, Baur J. et al. 2015. J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 11:011 [Google Scholar]
  277. Palanque-Delabrouille N, Yèche C, Borde A. et al. 2013. Astron. Astrophys. 559:A85 [Google Scholar]
  278. Paresce F, McKee CF, Bowyer S. 1980. Ap. J. 240:387–400 [Google Scholar]
  279. Park H, Shapiro PR, Komatsu E. et al. 2013. Ap. J. 769:93 [Google Scholar]
  280. Parsons A, Pober J, McQuinn M, Jacobs D, Aguirre J. 2012. Ap. J. 753:81 [Google Scholar]
  281. Parsons AR, Liu A, Aguirre JE. et al. 2014. Ap. J. 788:106 [Google Scholar]
  282. Pawlik AH, Schaye J, Dalla Vecchia C. 2015. MNRAS 451:1586–605 [Google Scholar]
  283. Pawlik AH, Schaye J, van Scherpenzeel E. 2009. MNRAS 394:1812–24 [Google Scholar]
  284. Peebles PJE. 1980. The Large-Scale Structure of the Universe Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press [Google Scholar]
  285. Peeples MS, Werk JK, Tumlinson J. et al. 2014. Ap. J. 786:54 [Google Scholar]
  286. Pentericci L, Vanzella E, Fontana A. et al. 2014. Ap. J. 793:113 [Google Scholar]
  287. Petrovic N, Oh SP. 2011. MNRAS 413:2103–20 [Google Scholar]
  288. Pieri MM, Haehnelt MG. 2004. MNRAS 347:985–93 [Google Scholar]
  289. Planck Collaboration, Ade PAR, Aghanim N, Arnaud M. et al. 2013. Astron. Astrophys. 550:A134 [Google Scholar]
  290. Planck Collaboration, Ade PAR, Aghanim N, Arnaud M. et al. 2015. Astron. Astrophys. Accepted. arXiv:1502.01589 [Google Scholar]
  291. Pober JC, Ali ZS, Parsons AR. et al. 2015. Ap. J. 809:62 [Google Scholar]
  292. Pontzen A, Bird S, Peiris H, Verde L. 2014. Ap. J. Lett. 792:L34 [Google Scholar]
  293. Pritchard JR, Furlanetto SR, Kamionkowski M. 2007. MNRAS 374:159–67 [Google Scholar]
  294. Pritchard JR, Loeb A. 2012. Rep. Prog. Phys. 75:086901 [Google Scholar]
  295. Prochaska JX, O'Meara JM, Worseck G. 2010. Ap. J. 718:392–416 [Google Scholar]
  296. Prochaska JX, Weiner B, Chen HW, Mulchaey J, Cooksey K. 2011. Ap. J. 740:91 [Google Scholar]
  297. Prochaska JX, Worseck G, O'Meara JM. 2009. Ap. J. Lett. 705:L113–17 [Google Scholar]
  298. Puchwein E, Bolton JS, Haehnelt MG. et al. 2015. MNRAS 450:4081 [Google Scholar]
  299. Puchwein E, Pfrommer C, Springel V, Broderick AE, Chang P. 2012. MNRAS 423:149–64 [Google Scholar]
  300. Quinn T, Katz N, Efstathiou G. 1996. MNRAS 278:L49–54 [Google Scholar]
  301. Rahmati A, Pawlik AH, Raicevic M, Schaye J. 2013a. MNRAS 430:2427–45 [Google Scholar]
  302. Rahmati A, Schaye J, Pawlik AH, Raicevic M. 2013b. MNRAS 431:2261–77 [Google Scholar]
  303. Rakic O, Schaye J, Steidel CC. et al. 2013. MNRAS 433:3103–14 [Google Scholar]
  304. Rakic O, Schaye J, Steidel CC, Rudie GC. 2012. Ap. J. 751:94 [Google Scholar]
  305. Rauch M. 1998. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 36:267–316 [Google Scholar]
  306. Rauch M, Miralda-Escudé J, Sargent WLW. et al. 1997. Ap. J. 489:7–20 [Google Scholar]
  307. Rees MJ. 1986. MNRAS 218:25P–30P [Google Scholar]
  308. Regan JA, Haehnelt MG, Viel M. 2007. MNRAS 374:196–205 [Google Scholar]
  309. Reimers D, Kohler S, Wisotzki L. et al. 1997. Astron. Astrophys. 327:890–900 [Google Scholar]
  310. Rhoads JE, Malhotra S. 2001. Ap. J. Lett. 563:L5–9 [Google Scholar]
  311. Ricotti M, Gnedin NY, Shull JM. 2000. Ap. J. 534:41–56 [Google Scholar]
  312. Robertson BE, Ellis RS, Dunlop JS, McLure RJ, Stark DP. 2010. Nature 468:49–55 [Google Scholar]
  313. Robertson BE, Ellis RS, Furlanetto SR, Dunlop JS. 2015. Ap. J. Lett. 802:L19 [Google Scholar]
  314. Robertson BE, Furlanetto SR, Schneider E. et al. 2013. Ap. J. 768:71 [Google Scholar]
  315. Rollinde E, Theuns T, Schaye J, Pâris I, Petitjean P. 2013. MNRAS 428:540–50 [Google Scholar]
  316. Rorai A, Hennawi JF, White M. 2013. Ap. J. 775:81 [Google Scholar]
  317. Rosati P, Borgani S, Norman C. 2002. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 40:539–77 [Google Scholar]
  318. Rudie GC, Steidel CC, Pettini M. 2012. Ap. J. Lett. 757:L30 [Google Scholar]
  319. Rudie GC, Steidel CC, Shapley AE, Pettini M. 2013. Ap. J. 769:146 [Google Scholar]
  320. Samui S, Subramanian K, Srianand R. 2005. 29th Int. Cosm. Ray Conf. 9 B Sripathi Acharya, S Gupta, P Jagadeesan, A Jain, S Karthikeyan, S Morris, S Tonwar 215–18 Mumbai: Tata Inst. Fundam. Res. [Google Scholar]
  321. Santos MG, Amblard A, Pritchard J. et al. 2008. Ap. J. 689:1–16 [Google Scholar]
  322. Santos MG, Cooray A, Haiman Z, Knox L, Ma CP. 2003. Ap. J. 598:756–66 [Google Scholar]
  323. Santos MG, Ferramacho L, Silva MB, Amblard A, Cooray A. 2010. MNRAS 406:2421–32 [Google Scholar]
  324. Santos MR. 2004. MNRAS 349:1137 [Google Scholar]
  325. Schaye J. 2001a. Ap. J. Lett. 562:L95–98 [Google Scholar]
  326. Schaye J. 2001b. Ap. J. 559:507–15 [Google Scholar]
  327. Schaye J, Aguirre A, Kim TS. et al. 2003. Ap. J. 596:768–96 [Google Scholar]
  328. Schaye J, Carswell RF, Kim TS. 2007. MNRAS 379:1169–94 [Google Scholar]
  329. Schaye J, Crain RA, Bower RG. et al. 2015. MNRAS 446:521–54 [Google Scholar]
  330. Schaye J, Theuns T, Leonard A, Efstathiou G. 1999. MNRAS 310:57–70 [Google Scholar]
  331. Schaye J, Theuns T, Rauch M, Efstathiou G, Sargent WLW. 2000. MNRAS 318:817–26 [Google Scholar]
  332. Schenker MA, Stark DP, Ellis RS. et al. 2012. Ap. J. 744:179 [Google Scholar]
  333. Scheuer PAG. 1965. Nature 207:963 [Google Scholar]
  334. Schmidt M. 1965. Ap. J. 141:1295 [Google Scholar]
  335. Seljak U, Makarov A, McDonald P, Trac H. 2006. Phys. Rev. Lett. 97:191303 [Google Scholar]
  336. Seljak U, Makarov A, McDonald P. et al. 2005. Phys. Rev. D 71:103515 [Google Scholar]
  337. Shapiro PR, Giroux ML, Babul A. 1994. Ap. J. 427:25–50 [Google Scholar]
  338. Shapiro PR, Iliev IT, Raga AC. 2004. MNRAS 348:753–82 [Google Scholar]
  339. Shaw LD, Rudd DH, Nagai D. 2012. Ap. J. 756:15 [Google Scholar]
  340. Shull JM, France K, Danforth CW, Smith B, Tumlinson J. 2010. Ap. J. 722:1312–24 [Google Scholar]
  341. Shull JM, Harness A, Trenti M, Smith BD. 2012a. Ap. J. 747:100 [Google Scholar]
  342. Shull JM, Moloney J, Danforth CW, Tilton EM. 2015. Ap. J. 811:3 [Google Scholar]
  343. Shull JM, Smith BD, Danforth CW. 2012b. Ap. J. 759:23 [Google Scholar]
  344. Shull JM, Tumlinson J, Giroux ML, Kriss GA, Reimers D. 2004. Ap. J. 600:570–79 [Google Scholar]
  345. Shull JM, van Steenberg ME. 1985. Ap. J. 298:268–74 [Google Scholar]
  346. Siana B, Shapley AE, Kulas KR. et al. 2015. Ap. J. 804:17 [Google Scholar]
  347. Siana B, Teplitz HI, Ferguson HC. et al. 2010. Ap. J. 723:241–50 [Google Scholar]
  348. Simcoe RA. 2011. Ap. J. 738:159 [Google Scholar]
  349. Simcoe RA, Sargent WLW, Rauch M. 2004. Ap. J. 606:92–115 [Google Scholar]
  350. Simcoe RA, Sargent WLW, Rauch M, Becker G. 2006. Ap. J. 637:648–68 [Google Scholar]
  351. Sobacchi E, Mesinger A. 2014. MNRAS 440:1662–73 [Google Scholar]
  352. Sobacchi E, Mesinger A. 2015. MNRAS 453:1843–54 [Google Scholar]
  353. Spergel DN, Verde L, Peiris HV. et al. 2003. Ap. J. Suppl. 148:175–94 [Google Scholar]
  354. Stocke JT, Keeney BA, Danforth CW. et al. 2013. Ap. J. 763:148 [Google Scholar]
  355. Su M, Yadav APS, McQuinn M, Yoo J, Zaldarriaga M. 2011. arXiv:1106.4313
  356. Sunyaev RA, Zeldovich IB. 1980. MNRAS 190:413–20 [Google Scholar]
  357. Syphers D, Anderson SF, Zheng W. et al. 2009. Ap. J. 690:1181–92 [Google Scholar]
  358. Syphers D, Anderson SF, Zheng W. et al. 2012. Astron. J. 143:100 [Google Scholar]
  359. Syphers D, Shull JM. 2014. Ap. J. 784:42 [Google Scholar]
  360. Taylor J, Lidz A. 2014. MNRAS 437:2542–53 [Google Scholar]
  361. Tepper-García T, Richter P, Schaye J. et al. 2011. MNRAS 413:190–212 [Google Scholar]
  362. Tescari E, Viel M, D'Odorico V. et al. 2011. MNRAS 411:826–48 [Google Scholar]
  363. Theuns T, Leonard A, Efstathiou G, Pearce FR, Thomas PA. 1998. MNRAS 301:478–502 [Google Scholar]
  364. Theuns T, Schaye J, Haehnelt MG. 2000. MNRAS 315:600–10 [Google Scholar]
  365. Theuns T, Schaye J, Zaroubi S. et al. 2002a. Ap. J. Lett. 567:L103–6 [Google Scholar]
  366. Theuns T, Viel M, Kay S. et al. 2002b. Ap. J. Lett. 578:L5–8 [Google Scholar]
  367. Theuns T, Zaroubi S. 2000. MNRAS 317:989–95 [Google Scholar]
  368. Thomas RM, Zaroubi S, Ciardi B. et al. 2009. MNRAS 393:32–48 [Google Scholar]
  369. Thoul AA, Weinberg DH. 1996. Ap. J. 465:608 [Google Scholar]
  370. Tilvi V, Papovich C, Finkelstein SL. et al. 2014. Ap. J. 794:5 [Google Scholar]
  371. Totani T, Kawai N, Kosugi G. et al. 2006. Publ. Astron. Soc. J. 58:485–98 [Google Scholar]
  372. Trac H, Cen R. 2007. Ap. J. 671:1–13 [Google Scholar]
  373. Trac H, Cen R, Loeb A. 2008. Ap. J. Lett. 689:L81–84 [Google Scholar]
  374. Trenti M, Stiavelli M. 2009. Ap. J. 694:879–92 [Google Scholar]
  375. Tumlinson J, Fang T. 2005. Ap. J. Lett. 623:L97–100 [Google Scholar]
  376. Tumlinson J, Thom C, Werk JK. et al. 2011. Science 334:948–52 [Google Scholar]
  377. Turner ML, Schaye J, Steidel CC, Rudie GC, Strom AL. 2014. MNRAS 445:794–822 [Google Scholar]
  378. Tytler D, Kirkman D, O'Meara JM. et al. 2004. Ap. J. 617:1–28 [Google Scholar]
  379. Tytler D, Paschos P, Kirkman D, Norman ML, Jena T. 2009. MNRAS 393:723–58 [Google Scholar]
  380. Upton Sanderbeck PR, D'Aloisio A, McQuinn MJ. 2016. MNRAS 460:1885–97 [Google Scholar]
  381. van Haarlem MP, Wise MW, Gunst AW. et al. 2013. Astron. Astrophys. 556:A2 [Google Scholar]
  382. Venkatesan A, Tumlinson J, Shull JM. 2003. Ap. J. 584:621–32 [Google Scholar]
  383. Viel M, Becker GD, Bolton JS, Haehnelt MG. 2013. Phys. Rev. D 88:043502 [Google Scholar]
  384. Viel M, Haehnelt MG. 2006. MNRAS 365:231–44 [Google Scholar]
  385. Viel M, Lesgourgues J, Haehnelt MG, Matarrese S, Riotto A. 2005. Phys. Rev. D 71:063534 [Google Scholar]
  386. Viel M, Schaye J, Booth CM. 2013. MNRAS 429:1734–46 [Google Scholar]
  387. Vogt SS, Allen SL, Bigelow BC. et al. 1994. Instrumentation in Astronomy VIII DL Crawford, ER Craine. Proc. SPIE Conf. Ser. 2198:1, June 1994 Bellingham, WA: SPIE; doi:10.1117/12.176725 [Google Scholar]
  388. Weinberg DH, Davé R, Katz N, Kollmeier JA. 2003. The Emergence of Cosmic Structure: 13th Astrophysics Conference SS Holt, CS Reynolds AIP Conf. Ser. 666157 Melville, NY: AIP [Google Scholar]
  389. Weinberg DH, Hernquist L, Katz N, Croft R, Miralda-Escudé J. 1997. 13th IAP Workshop: Structure and Evolution of the Intergalactic Medium from QSO Absorption Line System, Paris, France, July1–5157–69 [Google Scholar]
  390. Weisz DR, Dolphin AE, Skillman ED. et al. 2014. Ap. J. 789:148 [Google Scholar]
  391. Werk JK, Prochaska JX, Tumlinson J. et al. 2014. Ap. J. 792:8 [Google Scholar]
  392. White M, Pope A, Carlson J. et al. 2010. Ap. J. 713:383–93 [Google Scholar]
  393. White SDM, Frenk CS, Davis M. 1983. Ap. J. Lett. 274:L1–5 [Google Scholar]
  394. Wiersma RPC, Schaye J, Dalla Vecchia C. et al. 2010. MNRAS 409:132–44 [Google Scholar]
  395. Wiersma RPC, Schaye J, Smith BD. 2009. MNRAS 393:99–107 [Google Scholar]
  396. Wiersma RPC, Schaye J, Theuns T. 2011. MNRAS 415:353–71 [Google Scholar]
  397. Willott CJ, Delorme P, Reylé C. et al. 2010. Astron. J. 139:906–18 [Google Scholar]
  398. Wise JH, Cen R. 2009. Ap. J. 693:984–99 [Google Scholar]
  399. Wolfe AM, Gawiser E, Prochaska JX. 2005. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 43:861–918 [Google Scholar]
  400. Worseck G, Prochaska JX. 2011. Ap. J. 728:23 [Google Scholar]
  401. Worseck G, Prochaska JX, Hennawi JF, McQuinn M. 2014a. Ap. J. Accepted. arXiv:1405.7405 [Google Scholar]
  402. Worseck G, Prochaska JX, McQuinn M. et al. 2011. Ap. J. Lett. 733:L24 [Google Scholar]
  403. Worseck G, Prochaska JX, O'Meara JM. et al. 2014b. MNRAS 445:1745–60 [Google Scholar]
  404. Wouthuysen SA. 1952. Astron. J. 57:31 [Google Scholar]
  405. Wyithe JSB, Dijkstra M. 2011. MNRAS 415:3929–50 [Google Scholar]
  406. Wyithe JSB, Loeb A. 2003. Ap. J. 586:693–708 [Google Scholar]
  407. Yajima H, Choi JH, Nagamine K. 2012. MNRAS 427:2889–904 [Google Scholar]
  408. Zahn O, Lidz A, McQuinn M. et al. 2007. Ap. J. 654:12–26 [Google Scholar]
  409. Zahn O, Mesinger A, McQuinn M. et al. 2011. MNRAS 414:727–38 [Google Scholar]
  410. Zahn O, Reichardt CL, Shaw L. et al. 2012. Ap. J. 756:65 [Google Scholar]
  411. Zahn O, Zaldarriaga M, Hernquist L, McQuinn M. 2005. Ap. J. 630:657–66 [Google Scholar]
  412. Zaldarriaga M. 1997. Phys. Rev. D 55:1822–29 [Google Scholar]
  413. Zaldarriaga M, Colombo L, Komatsu E. et al. 2008. Reionization science with the cosmic microwave background. CMBPol Mission Concept Study, Fermilab, IL, Jun. 23–26. arXiv:0811.3918 [Google Scholar]
  414. Zaldarriaga M, Furlanetto SR, Hernquist L. 2004. Ap. J. 608:622–35 [Google Scholar]
  415. Zaldarriaga M, Hui L, Tegmark M. 2001. Ap. J. 557:519–26 [Google Scholar]
  416. Zaroubi S, de Bruyn AG, Harker G. et al. 2012. MNRAS 425:2964–73 [Google Scholar]
  417. Zel'dovich YB. 1970. Astron. Astrophys. 5:84–89 [Google Scholar]
  418. Zeldovich YB, Sunyaev RA. 1969. Astrophys. Space Sci. 4:301–16 [Google Scholar]
  419. Zhang Y, Anninos P, Norman ML. 1995. Ap. J. Lett. 453:L57 [Google Scholar]
  420. Zheng W, Kriss GA, Deharveng JM. et al. 2004. Ap. J. 605:631–44 [Google Scholar]
  421. Zheng Z, Miralda-Escudé J. 2002. Ap. J. Lett. 568:L71–74 [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-astro-082214-122355
Loading
The Evolution of the Intergalactic Medium
Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 54, 313 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-082214-122355
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-astro-082214-122355
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-astro-082214-122355
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Review Article

Most Cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error