1932
0
  1. Home
  2. A-Z Publications
  3. Annual Review of Medicine
  4. Volume 75, 2024
  5. Article

Annual Review of Medicine

Volume 75, 2024

Home-Based Dialysis: A Primer for the Internist

Abstract

Home-based dialysis modalities offer both clinical and practical advantages to patients. The use of the home-based modalities, peritoneal dialysis and home hemodialysis, has been increasing over the past decade after a long period of decline. Given the increasing frequency of use of these types of dialysis, it is important for clinicians to be familiar with how these types of dialysis are performed and key clinical aspects of care related to their use in patients with end-stage kidney disease.

Keyword(s): end-stage kidney disease, home dialysis, home hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-med-050922-051415
2024-01-29
2025-04-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/med/75/1/annurev-med-050922-051415.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-med-050922-051415&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

Literature Cited

  1. 1.
    Johansen KL, Chertow GM, Gilbertson DT et al. 2023. US Renal Data System 2022 annual data report: epidemiology of kidney disease in the United States. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 81:3 Suppl. 1A8–11
     [Google Scholar]
  2. 2.
    Collins AJ, Foley RN, Herzog C et al. 2011. US Renal Data System 2010 annual data report. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 57:1 Suppl. 1A8
     [Google Scholar]
  3. 3.
    Pearson J, Turenne M, Leichtman A. 2019. The executive order on kidney care: an opportunity to improve outcomes for individuals with kidney disease. Kidney Int. Rep. 4:111519–22
     [Google Scholar]
  4. 4.
    Perl J, Brown EA, Chan CT et al. 2023. Home dialysis: conclusions from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) controversies conference. Kidney Int. 103:5842–58
     [Google Scholar]
  5. 5.
    Krediet R, Struijk D, van Esch S. 2018. Peritoneal Dialysis Manual: A Guide for Understanding the Treatment New York: Karger
     [Google Scholar]
  6. 6.
    Bieber SD, Young BA. 2021. Home hemodialysis: core curriculum 2021. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 78:6876–85
     [Google Scholar]
  7. 7.
    Glickman JD, Teitelbaum I, Golper TA. 2021. Prescribing home hemodialysis. Adv. Chronic Kidney Dis. 28:2157–63
     [Google Scholar]
  8. 8.
    More KM, Tennankore K. 2021. Quality assurance and preventing serious adverse events in the home hemodialysis setting. Adv. Chronic Kidney Dis. 28:2170–77
     [Google Scholar]
  9. 9.
    Cent. Medicare Medicaid Serv 2010. Medicare program; end-stage renal disease prospective payment system. Fed. Reg. 75:49029–214
     [Google Scholar]
  10. 10.
    Jensen V, Throckmorton DC. 2015. Shortage of peritoneal dialysis solution and the Food and Drug Administration's response. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 10:81484–86
     [Google Scholar]
  11. 11.
    Fresenius Med. Care 2020. Fresenius Medical Care North America highlights home dialysis and telehealth success. Press Release, Apr. 6 Fresenius Med. Care Waltham, MA:
     [Google Scholar]
  12. 12.
    Cent. Medicare Medicaid Serv 2020. Medicare program; specialty care models to improve quality of care and reduce expenditures. Fed. Reg. 85:61114–381
     [Google Scholar]
  13. 13.
    Jain G, Weiner DE. 2021. Value based care in nephrology: the Kidney Care Choices Model and other Reforms. Kidney360 2:101677–83
     [Google Scholar]
  14. 14.
    Weinhandl ED, Gilbertson DT, Wetmore JB, Johansen KL. 2021. Associations of dialysis modality and setting with incidence of COVID-19 diagnosis and hospitalization. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 32:71
     [Google Scholar]
  15. 15.
    Eroglu E, Heimbürger O, Lindholm B. 2022. Peritoneal dialysis patient selection from a comorbidity perspective. Semin. Dial. 35:125–39
     [Google Scholar]
  16. 16.
    Lockridge R, Cornelis T, Van Eps C. 2015. Prescriptions for home hemodialysis. Hemodial. Int. 19:Suppl. 1S112–27
     [Google Scholar]
  17. 17.
    Natl. Kidney Found 2015. KDOQI clinical practice guideline for hemodialysis adequacy: 2015 update. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 66:5884–930
     [Google Scholar]
  18. 18.
    Rocco MV, Lockridge RS Jr., Beck GJ et al. 2011. The effects of frequent nocturnal home hemodialysis: the Frequent Hemodialysis Network nocturnal trial. Kidney Int. 80:101080–91
     [Google Scholar]
  19. 19.
    Sarafidis PA, Persu A, Agarwal R et al. 2017. Hypertension in dialysis patients: a consensus document by the European Renal and Cardiovascular Medicine (EURECA-m) working group of the European Renal Association–European Dialysis and Transplant Association (ERA-EDTA) and the Hypertension and the Kidney working group of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH). J. Hypertens. 35:4657–76
     [Google Scholar]
  20. 20.
    Flythe JE, Chang TI, Gallagher MP et al. 2020. Blood pressure and volume management in dialysis: conclusions from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) controversies conference. Kidney Int. 97:5861–76
     [Google Scholar]
  21. 21.
    Sarnak MJ, Auguste BL, Brown E et al. 2022. Cardiovascular effects of home dialysis therapies: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 146:11e146–64
     [Google Scholar]
  22. 22.
    Agarwal R. 2010. Blood pressure and mortality among hemodialysis patients. Hypertension 55:3762–68
     [Google Scholar]
  23. 23.
    Vaios V, Georgianos PI, Liakopoulos V, Agarwal R. 2019. Assessment and management of hypertension among patients on peritoneal dialysis. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 14:2297–305
     [Google Scholar]
  24. 24.
    Cocchi R, Degli Esposti E, Fabbri A et al. 1999. Prevalence of hypertension in patients on peritoneal dialysis: results of an Italian multicentre study. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 14:61536–40
     [Google Scholar]
  25. 25.
    Sinha AD, Agarwal R. 2009. Can chronic volume overload be recognized and prevented in hemodialysis patients? The pitfalls of the clinical examination in assessing volume status. Semin. Dial. 22:5480–82
     [Google Scholar]
  26. 26.
    Lockridge R Jr., Weinhandl E, Kraus M et al. 2020. A systematic approach to promoting home hemodialysis during end stage kidney disease. Kidney360 1:9993–1001
     [Google Scholar]
  27. 27.
    Novak JE, Ellison DH. 2022. Diuretics in states of volume overload: core curriculum 2022. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 80:2264–76
     [Google Scholar]
  28. 28.
    Zhang L, Zeng X, Fu P, Wu HM. 2014. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers for preserving residual kidney function in peritoneal dialysis patients. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2014:6CD009120
     [Google Scholar]
  29. 29.
    Tieu A, Velenosi TJ, Kucey AS et al. 2018. β-Blocker dialyzability in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a randomized clinical trial. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 13:4604–11
     [Google Scholar]
  30. 30.
    Hasegawa T, Nishiwaki H, Ota E et al. 2021. Aldosterone antagonists for people with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2:2CD013109
     [Google Scholar]
  31. 31.
    Lowenstein J, Grantham JJ. 2017. Residual renal function: a paradigm shift. Kidney Int. 91:3561–65
     [Google Scholar]
  32. 32.
    Moist LM, Port FK, Orzol SM et al. 2000. Predictors of loss of residual renal function among new dialysis patients. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 11:3556–64
     [Google Scholar]
  33. 33.
    Li T, Wilcox CS, Lipkowitz MS et al. 2019. Rationale and strategies for preserving residual kidney function in dialysis patients. Am. J. Nephrol. 50:6411–21
     [Google Scholar]
  34. 34.
    Chertow GM, Levin NW, Beck GJ et al. 2010. In-center hemodialysis six times per week versus three times per week. N. Engl. J. Med. 363:242287–300
     [Google Scholar]
  35. 35.
    Kotanko P, Garg AX, Depner T et al. 2015. Effects of frequent hemodialysis on blood pressure: results from the randomized Frequent Hemodialysis Network trials. Hemodial. Int. 19:3386–401
     [Google Scholar]
  36. 36.
    Weinhandl ED, Nieman KM, Gilbertson DT, Collins AJ. 2015. Hospitalization in daily home hemodialysis and matched thrice-weekly in-center hemodialysis patients. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 65:198–108
     [Google Scholar]
  37. 37.
    Raimann JG, Chan CT, Daugirdas JT et al. 2016. The effect of increased frequency of hemodialysis on volume-related outcomes: a secondary analysis of the Frequent Hemodialysis Network trials. Blood Purif. 41:4277–86
     [Google Scholar]
  38. 38.
    Suri RS, Larive B, Sherer S et al. 2013. Risk of vascular access complications with frequent hemodialysis. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 24:3498–505
     [Google Scholar]
  39. 39.
    Suri RS, Larive B, Hall Y et al. 2014. Effects of frequent hemodialysis on perceived caregiver burden in the Frequent Hemodialysis Network trials. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 9:5936–42
     [Google Scholar]
  40. 40.
    Goossen K, Becker M, Marshall MR et al. 2020. Icodextrin versus glucose solutions for the once-daily long dwell in peritoneal dialysis: an enriched systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 75:6830–46
     [Google Scholar]
  41. 41.
    Wolfson M, Piraino B, Hamburger RJ, Morton AR. 2002. A randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of icodextrin in peritoneal dialysis. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 40:51055–65
     [Google Scholar]
  42. 42.
    Abdel-Aal AK, Dybbro P, Hathaway P et al. 2014. Best practices consensus protocol for peritoneal dialysis catheter placement by interventional radiologists. Perit. Dial. Int. 34:5481–93
     [Google Scholar]
  43. 43.
    Goh BL. 2017. Nephrologist-initiated peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion programme: a new paradigm shift. Contrib. Nephrol. 189:79–84
     [Google Scholar]
  44. 44.
    Crabtree JH, Shrestha BM, Chow KM et al. 2019. Creating and maintaining optimal peritoneal dialysis access in the adult patient: 2019 update. Perit. Dial. Int. 39:5414–36
     [Google Scholar]
  45. 45.
    Rajora N, Shastri S, Pirwani G, Saxena R. 2020. How to build a successful urgent-start peritoneal dialysis program. Kidney360 1:101165–77
     [Google Scholar]
  46. 46.
    Ye H, Yang X, Yi C et al. 2019. Urgent-start peritoneal dialysis for patients with end stage renal disease: a 10-year retrospective study. BMC Nephrol. 20:1238
     [Google Scholar]
  47. 47.
    El Shamy O, Patel N, Abdelbaset MH et al. 2020. Acute start peritoneal dialysis during the COVID-19 pandemic: outcomes and experiences. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 31:81680–82
     [Google Scholar]
  48. 48.
    Crabtree JH, Burchette RJ. 2013. Peritoneal dialysis catheter embedment: surgical considerations, expectations, and complications. Am. J. Surg. 206:4464–71
     [Google Scholar]
  49. 49.
    Ghali JR, Bannister KM, Brown FG et al. 2011. Microbiology and outcomes of peritonitis in Australian peritoneal dialysis patients. Perit. Dial. Int. 31:6651–62
     [Google Scholar]
  50. 50.
    Perl J, Fuller DS, Bieber BA et al. 2020. Peritoneal dialysis-related infection rates and outcomes: results from the Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (PDOPPS). Am. J. Kidney Dis. 76:142–53
     [Google Scholar]
  51. 51.
    Marshall MR. 2022. A systematic review of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis rates over time from national or regional population-based registries and databases. Perit. Dial. Int. 42:139–47
     [Google Scholar]
  52. 52.
    Li PK, Chow KM, Cho Y et al. 2022. ISPD peritonitis guideline recommendations: 2022 update on prevention and treatment. Perit. Dial. Int. 42:2110–53
     [Google Scholar]
  53. 53.
    Muthucumarana K, Howson P, Crawford D et al. 2016. The relationship between presentation and the time of initial administration of antibiotics with outcomes of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients: the PROMPT study. Kidney Int. Rep. 1:265–72
     [Google Scholar]
  54. 54.
    Bieber S, Mehrotra R. 2019. Peritoneal dialysis access associated infections. Adv. Chronic Kidney Dis. 26:123–29
     [Google Scholar]
  55. 55.
    Chow KM, Li PK, Cho Y et al. 2023. ISPD catheter-related infection recommendations: 2023 update. Perit. Dial. Int. 43:3201–19
     [Google Scholar]
  56. 56.
    Perl J, Nessim SJ, Moist LM et al. 2016. Vascular access type and patient and technique survival in home hemodialysis patients: the Canadian Organ Replacement Register. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 67:2251–59
     [Google Scholar]
  57. 57.
    Ward FL, Faratro R, McQuillan RF. 2018. Self-cannulation of the vascular access in home hemodialysis: overcoming patient-level barriers. Semin. Dial. 31:5449–54
     [Google Scholar]
  58. 58.
    Vachharajani TJ, Wong L, Niyyar VD et al. 2020. Buttonhole cannulation of arteriovenous fistulas in the United States. Kidney360 1:4306–13
     [Google Scholar]
  59. 59.
    Agarwal A, Nesrallah G. 2015. Long-term safety of buttonhole cannulation and efficacy of mupirocin prophylaxis. Contrib. Nephrol. 186:64–70
     [Google Scholar]
  60. 60.
    Wetmore JB, Peng Y, Monda KL et al. 2015. Trends in anemia management practices in patients receiving hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis: a retrospective cohort analysis. Am. J. Nephrol. 41:4–5354–61
     [Google Scholar]
  61. 61.
    Singh AK, Szczech L, Tang KL et al. 2006. Correction of anemia with epoetin alfa in chronic kidney disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 355:202085–98
     [Google Scholar]
  62. 62.
    Pfeffer MA, Burdmann EA, Chen CY et al. 2009. A trial of darbepoetin alfa in type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 361:212019–32
     [Google Scholar]
  63. 63.
    Berns JS. 2023. What is the role of daprodustat in treatment of anemia in people on maintenance dialysis?. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 18:1497–99
     [Google Scholar]
  64. 64.
    Kazama JJ, Wakasugi M. 2018. Parathyroid hormone and bone in dialysis patients. Ther. Apher. Dial. 22:3229–35
     [Google Scholar]
  65. 65.
    Fuller DS, Dluzniewski PJ, Cooper K et al. 2020. Combinations of mineral and bone disorder markers and risk of death and hospitalizations in the international Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study. Clin. Kidney J. 13:61056–62
     [Google Scholar]
  66. 66.
    D'Alessandro C, Piccoli GB, Cupisti A. 2015. The “phosphorus pyramid”: a visual tool for dietary phosphate management in dialysis and CKD patients. BMC Nephrol. 16:9
     [Google Scholar]
  67. 67.
    Daugirdas JT, Chertow GM, Larive B et al. 2012. Effects of frequent hemodialysis on measures of CKD mineral and bone disorder. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 23:4727–38
     [Google Scholar]
  68. 68.
    Alfieri C, Regalia A, Zanoni F et al. 2019. The importance of adherence in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Blood Purif. 47:1–337–44
     [Google Scholar]
  69. 69.
    de Boer IH, Khunti K, Sadusky T et al. 2022. Diabetes management in chronic kidney disease: a consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Diabetes Care 45:123075–90
     [Google Scholar]
  70. 70.
    Krediet RT. 2021. Acquired decline in ultrafiltration in peritoneal dialysis: the role of glucose. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 32:102408–15
     [Google Scholar]
  71. 71.
    Rhee CM, Leung AM, Kovesdy CP et al. 2014. Updates on the management of diabetes in dialysis patients. Semin. Dial. 27:2135–45
     [Google Scholar]
  72. 72.
    Williams J, Gilchrist M, Strain WD et al. 2022. 24-h Glycaemic profiles in peritoneal dialysis patients and non-dialysis controls with advanced kidney disease. Perit. Dial. Int. 42:5497–504
     [Google Scholar]
  73. 73.
    Clemens KK, Ernst J, Khan T et al. 2023. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists in end-staged kidney disease and kidney transplantation: a narrative review. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 33:61111–20
     [Google Scholar]
  74. 74.
    Van V, Schoonjans RS, Struijk DG et al. 2002. Influence of dialysate on gastric emptying time in peritoneal dialysis patients. Perit. Dial. Int. 22:132–38
     [Google Scholar]
  75. 75.
    Whelan AM, Johansen KL, Copeland T et al. 2022. Kidney transplant candidacy evaluation and waitlisting practices in the United States and their association with access to transplantation. Am. J. Transplant. 22:61624–36
     [Google Scholar]
  76. 76.
    Lentine KL, Smith JM, Miller JM et al. 2023. OPTN/SRTR 2021 annual data report: kidney. Am. J. Transplant. 23:2 Suppl. 1S21–120
     [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-med-050922-051415
Loading
Home-Based Dialysis: A Primer for the Internist
Annual Review of Medicine 75, 205 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-050922-051415
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-med-050922-051415
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-med-050922-051415
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Review Article

Most Cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error