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Annual Review of Microbiology

Volume 77, 2023

Targeting Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetases for Antimalarial Drug Development

Abstract

Infections caused by malaria parasites place an enormous burden on the world's poorest communities. Breakthrough drugs with novel mechanisms of action are urgently needed. As an organism that undergoes rapid growth and division, the malaria parasite is highly reliant on protein synthesis, which in turn requires aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) to charge tRNAs with their corresponding amino acid. Protein translation is required at all stages of the parasite life cycle; thus, aaRS inhibitors have the potential for whole-of-life-cycle antimalarial activity. This review focuses on efforts to identify potent plasmodium-specific aaRS inhibitors using phenotypic screening, target validation, and structure-guided drug design. Recent work reveals that aaRSs are susceptible targets for a class of AMP-mimicking nucleoside sulfamates that target the enzymes via a novel reaction hijacking mechanism. This finding opens up the possibility of generating bespoke inhibitors of different aaRSs, providing new drug leads.

Keyword(s): aminoacyl tRNA, antimalarial drug development, reaction hijacking, tRNA charging
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2023-09-15
2024-05-02
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-121210
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Targeting Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetases for Antimalarial Drug Development
Annual Review of Microbiology 77, 111 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-121210
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-121210
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-121210
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  • Article Type: Review Article

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