Small System Collectivity in Relativistic Hadronic and Nuclear Collisions

James L. Nagle; William A. Zajc

doi:10.1146/annurev-nucl-101916-123209

Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science

Volume 68, 2018

Review Article

Free

Small System Collectivity in Relativistic Hadronic and Nuclear Collisions

James L. Nagle¹, and William A. Zajc²
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Affiliations: ¹Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA; email: [email protected] ²Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; email: [email protected]
Vol. 68:211-235 (Volume publication date October 2018) https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nucl-101916-123209
First published as a Review in Advance on July 18, 2018
Copyright © 2018 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved

Abstract

The bulk motion of nuclear matter at the ultrahigh temperatures created in heavy ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider is well described in terms of nearly inviscid hydrodynamics, thereby establishing this system of quarks and gluons as the most perfect fluid in nature. A revolution in the field is under way, spearheaded by the discovery of similar collective, fluid-like phenomena in much smaller systems including p+p, p+A, d+Au, and ³He+Au collisions. We review these exciting new observations and their profound implications for hydrodynamic descriptions of small and/or out-of-equilibrium systems.

Keyword(s): gauge/gravity duality, heavy ion collisions, LHC, perfect liquid, QCD, QGP, quark–gluon plasma, relativistic fluid dynamics, relativistic hydrodynamics, RHIC, shear viscosity

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2018-10-19

2024-12-07

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Small System Collectivity in Relativistic Hadronic and Nuclear Collisions

Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science 68, 211 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nucl-101916-123209

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Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science

Volume 68, 2018

Review Article

Free

Small System Collectivity in Relativistic Hadronic and Nuclear Collisions

Abstract

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