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Annual Review of Nutrition

Volume 43, 2023

Sources and Sinks of Serine in Nutrition, Health, and Disease

Abstract

Amino acid dysregulation has emerged as an important driver of disease progression in various contexts. -Serine lies at a central node of metabolism, linking carbohydrate metabolism, transamination, glycine, and folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism to protein synthesis and various downstream bioenergetic and biosynthetic pathways. -Serine is produced locally in the brain but is sourced predominantly from glycine and one-carbon metabolism in peripheral tissues via liver and kidney metabolism. Compromised regulation or activity of -serine synthesis and disposal occurs in the context of genetic diseases as well as chronic disease states, leading to low circulating -serine levels and pathogenesis in the nervous system, retina, heart, and aging muscle. Dietary interventions in preclinical models modulate sensory neuropathy, retinopathy, tumor growth, and muscle regeneration. A serine tolerance test may provide a quantitative readout of -serine homeostasis that identifies patients who may be susceptible to neuropathy or responsive to therapy.

Keyword(s): diabetes, glycine, metabolic flux, metabolomics, neuropathy, serine
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2023-08-21
2024-05-02
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-nutr-061021-022648
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Sources and Sinks of Serine in Nutrition, Health, and Disease
Annual Review of Nutrition 43, 123 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-061021-022648
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-nutr-061021-022648
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-nutr-061021-022648
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