1932

Abstract

I would certainly never have predicted that I would become the director of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and the National Toxicology Program (NTP) when I was a Jewish girl growing up in Teaneck, New Jersey. My family stressed the importance of education. Yet for a girl there were many not-so-subtle suggestions that the appropriate careers were in teaching or nursing, and the most important thing was to be a wife and mother. Well, I can't disagree with the latter, although I would have to add grandmother to that list of achievements. My parents were both college graduates, but my mom only taught high school English for one year before leaving the field to start our family. My dad returned from World War II and joined his brother in accounting. After my first sister was born, my father joined my mother's family jewelry business and helped to open a second retail store. My mother helped my dad out during the busy times—Christmas and wedding season—but otherwise focused on our growing family of three girls and one boy. This became increasingly challenging when it became clear that my little brother was severely retarded and would require extra care.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010715-103255
2016-01-06
2024-12-09
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/pharmtox/56/1/annurev-pharmtox-010715-103255.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010715-103255&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

Literature Cited

  1. Birnbaum LS, Kaplan S. 1.  1971. Localization of a portion of the ribosomal RNA genes in Escherichia coli. PNAS 68:925–29 [Google Scholar]
  2. Unger M, Birnbaum LS, Kaplan S, Pfister A. 2.  1972. Location of the ribosomal RNA cistron of Escherichia coli: a second site. Mol. Gen. Genet. 119:377–80 [Google Scholar]
  3. Birnbaum LS, Kaplan S. 3.  1973. In vitro synthesis of Escherichia coli ribosomal RNA. J. Mol. Biol. 75:73–81 [Google Scholar]
  4. Birnbaum LS, Baird MB. 4.  1978. Induction of hepatic mixed function oxidases in senescent rodents—II. Effect of polychlorinated biphenyls. Exp. Gerontol. 13:469–77 [Google Scholar]
  5. Birnbaum LS, Baird MB. 5.  1978. Induction of hepatic mixed function oxidases in senescent rodents. Exp. Gerontol. 13:299–303 [Google Scholar]
  6. Birnbaum LS, Baird MB. 6.  1979. Senescent changes in rodent hepatic epoxide metabolism. Chem. Biol. Interact. 26:245–56 [Google Scholar]
  7. Birnbaum LS. 7.  1980. Altered hepatic drug metabolism in senescent mice. Exp. Gerontol. 15:259–67 [Google Scholar]
  8. Baird MB, Birnbaum LS. 8.  1979. Increased production of mutagenic metabolites of carcinogens by tissues from senescent rodents. Cancer Res. 39:4752–55 [Google Scholar]
  9. Birnbaum LS, Decad GM, Matthews HB. 9.  1980. Disposition and excretion of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran in the rat. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 55:342–52 [Google Scholar]
  10. Birnbaum LS, Decad GM, Matthews HB, McConnell EE. 10.  1981. Fate of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran in the monkey. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 57:189–96 [Google Scholar]
  11. Decad GM, Birnbaum LS, Matthews HB. 11.  1981. Distribution and excretion of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran in C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 59:564–73 [Google Scholar]
  12. Decad GM, Birnbaum LS, Matthews HB. 12.  1981. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzofuran tissue distribution and excretion in guinea pig. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 57:231–40 [Google Scholar]
  13. King FG, Dedrick RL, Collins JM, Matthews HB, Birnbaum LS. 13.  1983. Physiological model for the pharmacokinetics of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran in several species. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 67:390–400 [Google Scholar]
  14. Birnbaum LS, Darcey DJ, McKinney JD. 14.  1983. Hexabromonaphthalene contaminants of polybrominated biphenyls: chemical composition and disposition in the rat. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 12:555–73 [Google Scholar]
  15. Birnbaum LS, McKinney JD. 15.  1985. A persistent hexabromonaphthalene isomer is 2,3,4,5,6,7-hexabromonaphthalene. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 16:219–27 [Google Scholar]
  16. Brewster DW, Birnbaum LS. 16.  1989. The biochemical toxicity of perfluorodecanoic acid in the mouse is different from that of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 99:544–54 [Google Scholar]
  17. Harris MW, Birnbaum LS. 17.  1989. Developmental toxicity of perfluorodecanoic acid in C57BL/6N mice. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 12:442–48 [Google Scholar]
  18. Harris MW, Uraih LC, Birnbaum LS. 18.  1989. Acute toxicity of perfluorodecanoic acid in C57BL/6 mice differs from 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 13:723–36 [Google Scholar]
  19. Birnbaum LS. 19.  1991. Pharmacokinetic basis of age-related changes in sensitivity to toxicants. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 31:101–28 [Google Scholar]
  20. Birnbaum LS. 20.  1983. Distribution and excretion of 2,3,6,2′,3′,6′- and 2,4,5,2′,4′,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl in senescent rats. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 70:262–72 [Google Scholar]
  21. Borghoff SJ, Birnbaum LS. 21.  1985. Age-related changes in glucuronidation and deglucuronidation in liver, small intestine, lung, and kidney of male Fischer rats. Drug Metab. Dispos. 13:62–67 [Google Scholar]
  22. Borghoff SJ, Birnbaum LS. 22.  1986. Age-related changes in the metabolism and excretion of allyl isothiocyanate: a model compound for glutathione conjugation. Drug Metab. Dispos. 14:417–22 [Google Scholar]
  23. Borghoff SJ, Stefanski SA, Birnbaum LS. 23.  1988. The effect of age on the glucuronidation and toxicity of 4,4′-thiobis(6-t-butyl-m-cresol). Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 92:453–66 [Google Scholar]
  24. Birnbaum LS, Weber H, Harris MW, Lamb JC 4th, McKinney JD. 24.  1985. Toxic interaction of specific polychlorinated biphenyls and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin: increased incidence of cleft palate in mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 77:292–302 [Google Scholar]
  25. Weber H, Birnbaum LS. 25.  1985. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF) in pregnant C57BL/6N mice: distribution to the embryo and excretion. Arch. Toxicol. 57:159–62 [Google Scholar]
  26. Weber H, Harris MW, Haseman JK, Birnbaum LS. 26.  1985. Teratogenic potency of TCDD, TCDF and TCDD-TCDF combinations in C57BL/6N mice. Toxicol. Lett. 26:159–67 [Google Scholar]
  27. Couture LA, Harris MW, Birnbaum LS. 27.  1990. Characterization of the peak period of sensitivity for the induction of hydronephrosis in C57BL/6N mice following exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 15:142–50 [Google Scholar]
  28. Couture-Haws L, Harris MW, McDonald MM, Lockhart AC, Birnbaum LS. 28.  1991. Hydronephrosis in mice exposed to TCDD-contaminated breast milk: identification of the peak period of sensitivity and assessment of potential recovery. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 107:413–28 [Google Scholar]
  29. Birnbaum LS, Harris MW, Barnhart ER, Morrissey RE. 29.  1987. Teratogenicity of three polychlorinated dibenzofurans in C57BL/6N mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 90:206–16 [Google Scholar]
  30. Birnbaum LS, Morrissey RE, Harris MW. 30.  1991. Teratogenic effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrabromodibenzo-p-dioxin and three polybrominated dibenzofurans in C57BL/6N mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 107:141–52 [Google Scholar]
  31. Abbott BD, Birnbaum LS. 31.  1989. Cellular alterations and enhanced induction of cleft palate after coadministration of retinoic acid and TCDD. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 99:287–301 [Google Scholar]
  32. Birnbaum LS, Harris MW, Miller CP, Pratt RM, Lamb JC. 32.  1986. Synergistic interaction of 2,3,7,8,-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and hydrocortisone in the induction of cleft palate in mice. Teratology 33:29–35 [Google Scholar]
  33. Abbott BD, Harris MW, Birnbaum LS. 33.  1992. Comparisons of the effects of TCDD and hydrocortisone on growth factor expression provide insight into their interaction in the embryonic mouse palate. Teratology 45:35–53 [Google Scholar]
  34. Birnbaum LS, Harris MW, Stocking LM, Clark AM, Morrissey RE. 34.  1989. Retinoic acid and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin selectively enhance teratogenesis in C57BL/6N mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 98:487–500 [Google Scholar]
  35. Abbott BD, Birnbaum LS, Pratt RM. 35.  1987. TCDD-induced hyperplasia of the ureteral epithelium produces hydronephrosis in murine fetuses. Teratology 35:329–34 [Google Scholar]
  36. Abbott BD, Morgan KS, Birnbaum LS, Pratt RM. 36.  1987. TCDD alters the extracellular matrix and basal lamina of the fetal mouse kidney. Teratology 35:335–44 [Google Scholar]
  37. Abbott BD, Birnbaum LS. 37.  1990. TCDD-induced altered expression of growth factors may have a role in producing cleft palate and enhancing the incidence of clefts after coadministration of retinoic acid and TCDD. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 106:418–32 [Google Scholar]
  38. Abbott BD, Birnbaum LS. 38.  1990. Retinoic acid-induced alterations in the expression of growth factors in embryonic mouse palatal shelves. Teratology 42:597–610 [Google Scholar]
  39. Abbott BD, Birnbaum LS. 39.  1990. Effects of TCDD on embryonic ureteric epithelial EGF receptor expression and cell proliferation. Teratology 41:71–84 [Google Scholar]
  40. George JD, Price CJ, Marr MC, Sadler BM, Schwetz BA. 40.  et al. 1989. Developmental toxicity of 1,1,1-trichloroethane in CD rats. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 13:641–51 [Google Scholar]
  41. Sabourin PJ, Chen BT, Lucier G, Birnbaum LS, Fisher E, Henderson RF. 41.  1987. Effect of dose on the absorption and excretion of [14C]benzene administered orally or by inhalation in rats and mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 87:325–36 [Google Scholar]
  42. Sabourin PJ, Bechtold WE, Birnbaum LS, Lucier G, Henderson RF. 42.  1988. Differences in the metabolism and disposition of inhaled [3H]benzene by F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 94:128–40 [Google Scholar]
  43. Henderson RF, Sabourin PJ, Bechtold WE, Griffith WC, Medinsky MA. 43.  et al. 1989. The effect of dose, dose rate, route of administration, and species on tissue and blood levels of benzene metabolites. Environ. Health Perspect. 82:9–17 [Google Scholar]
  44. Medinsky MA, Sabourin PJ, Henderson RF, Lucier G, Birnbaum LS. 44.  1989. Differences in the pathways for metabolism of benzene in rats and mice simulated by a physiological model. Environ. Health Perspect. 82:43–49 [Google Scholar]
  45. Medinsky MA, Sabourin PJ, Lucier G, Birnbaum LS, Henderson RF. 45.  1989. A physiological model for simulation of benzene metabolism by rats and mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 99:193–206 [Google Scholar]
  46. Medinsky MA, Sabourin PJ, Lucier G, Birnbaum LS, Henderson RF. 46.  1989. A toxikinetic model for simulation of benzene metabolism. Exp. Pathol. 37:150–54 [Google Scholar]
  47. Sabourin PJ, Bechtold WE, Griffith WC, Birnbaum LS, Lucier G, Henderson RF. 47.  1989. Effect of exposure concentration, exposure rate, and route of administration on metabolism of benzene by F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 99:421–44 [Google Scholar]
  48. Sabourin PJ, Sun JD, Birnbaum LS, Lucier G, Henderson RF. 48.  1989. Effect of repeated benzene inhalation exposures on subsequent metabolism of benzene. Exp. Pathol. 37:155–57 [Google Scholar]
  49. Sun JD, Medinsky MA, Birnbaum LS, Lucier G, Henderson RF. 49.  1990. Benzene hemoglobin adducts in mice and rats: characterization of formation and physiological modeling. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 15:468–75 [Google Scholar]
  50. Bechtold WE, Lucier G, Birnbaum LS, Yin SN, Li GL, Henderson RF. 50.  1991. Muconic acid determinations in urine as a biological exposure index for workers occupationally exposed to benzene. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 52:473–78 [Google Scholar]
  51. Dahl AR, Sun JD, Birnbaum LS, Bond JA, Griffith WC Jr. 51.  et al. 1991. Toxicokinetics of inhaled 1,3-butadiene in monkeys: comparison to toxicokinetics in rats and mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 110:9–19 [Google Scholar]
  52. Henderson RF, Sabourin PJ, Medinsky MA, Birnbaum LS, Lucier GL. 52.  1992. Benzene dosimetry in experimental animals: relevance for risk assessment. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. 374:93–105 [Google Scholar]
  53. McMahon TF, Medinsky MA, Birnbaum LS. 53.  1994. Age-related changes in benzene disposition in male C57BL/6N mice described by a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model. Toxicol. Lett. 74:241–53 [Google Scholar]
  54. Birnbaum LS. 54.  1987. Age-related changes in carcinogen metabolism. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 35:51–60 [Google Scholar]
  55. Bond JA, Martin OS, Birnbaum LS, Dahl AR, Melnick RL, Henderson RF. 55.  1988. Metabolism of 1,3-butadiene by lung and liver microsomes of rats and mice repeatedly exposed by inhalation to 1,3-butadiene. Toxicol. Lett. 44:143–51 [Google Scholar]
  56. Sun JD, Dahl AR, Bond JA, Birnbaum LS, Henderson RF. 56.  1989. Characterization of hemoglobin adduct formation in mice and rats after administration of [14C]butadiene or [14C]isoprene. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 100:86–95 [Google Scholar]
  57. Sun JD, Dahl AR, Bond JA, Birnbaum LS, Henderson RF. 57.  1989. Metabolism of inhaled butadiene to monkeys: comparison to rodents. Exp. Pathol. 37:133–35 [Google Scholar]
  58. Birnbaum LS. 58.  1993. A brief survey of butadiene health effects: a role for metabolic differences. Environ. Health Perspect. 101:Suppl. 6161–67 [Google Scholar]
  59. Luebke RW, Copeland CB, Diliberto JJ, Akubue PI, Andrews DL. 59.  et al. 1994. Assessment of host resistance to Trichinella spiralis in mice following preinfection exposure to 2,3,7,8-TCDD. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 125:7–16 [Google Scholar]
  60. Narasimhan TR, Craig A, Arellano L, Harper N, Howie L. 60.  et al. 1994. Relative sensitivities of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced Cyp1a-1 and Cyp1a-2 gene expression and immunotoxicity in female B6C3F1 mice. Toxicol. Sci. 23:598–607 [Google Scholar]
  61. Burleson GR, Lebrec H, Yang YG, Ibanes JD, Pennington KN, Birnbaum LS. 61.  1996. Effect of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on influenza virus host resistance in mice. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 29:40–47 [Google Scholar]
  62. Smialowicz RJ, DeVito MJ, Riddle MM, Williams WC, Birnbaum LS. 62.  1997. Opposite effects of 2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on the antibody response to sheep erythrocytes in mice. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 37:141–49 [Google Scholar]
  63. Andersen ME, Mills JJ, Gargas ML, Kedderis L, Birnbaum LS. 63.  et al. 1993. Modeling receptor-mediated processes with dioxin: Implications for pharmacokinetics and risk assessment. Risk Anal. 13:25–36 [Google Scholar]
  64. Kedderis LB, Mills JJ, Andersen ME, Birnbaum LS. 64.  1993. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for 2,3,7,8-tetrabromodibenzo-p-dioxin (TBDD) in the rat: tissue distribution and CYP1A induction. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 121:87–98 [Google Scholar]
  65. Wang X, Santostefano MJ, Evans MV, Richardson VM, Diliberto JJ, Birnbaum LS. 65.  1997. Determination of parameters responsible for pharmacokinetic behavior of TCDD in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 147:151–68 [Google Scholar]
  66. Wang X, Santostefano MJ, DeVito MJ, Birnbaum LS. 66.  2000. Extrapolation of a PBPK model for dioxins across dosage regimen, gender, strain, and species. Toxicol. Sci. 56:49–60 [Google Scholar]
  67. Richardson VM, Santostefano MJ, Birnbaum LS. 67.  1998. Daily cycle of bHLH-PAS proteins, Ah receptor and Arnt, in multiple tissues of female Sprague-Dawley rats. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 252:225–31 [Google Scholar]
  68. DeVito MJ, Ma X, Babish JG, Menache M, Birnbaum LS. 68.  1994. Dose-response relationships in mice following subchronic exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin: CYP1A1, CYP1A2, estrogen receptor, and protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 124:82–90 [Google Scholar]
  69. van Birgelen AP, DeVito MJ, Akins JM, Ross DG, Diliberto JJ, Birnbaum LS. 69.  1996. Relative potencies of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls derived from hepatic porphyrin accumulation in mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 138:98–109 [Google Scholar]
  70. DeVito MJ, Diliberto JJ, Ross DG, Menache MG, Birnbaum LS. 70.  1997. Dose–response relationships for polyhalogenated dioxins and dibenzofurans following subchronic treatment in mice. I. CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 enzyme activity in liver, lung, and skin. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 147:267–80 [Google Scholar]
  71. DeVito MJ, Ross DG, Dupuy AE Jr, Ferrario J, McDaniel D, Birnbaum LS. 71.  1998. Dose–response relationships for disposition and hepatic sequestration of polyhalogenated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls following subchronic treatment in mice. Toxicol. Sci. 46:223–34 [Google Scholar]
  72. DeVito MJ, Menache MG, Diliberto JJ, Ross DG, Birnbaum LS. 72.  2000. Dose–response relationships for induction of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 enzyme activity in liver, lung, and skin in female mice following subchronic exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 167:157–72 [Google Scholar]
  73. Birnbaum LS, DeVito MJ. 73.  1995. Use of toxic equivalency factors for risk assessment for dioxins and related compounds. Toxicology 105:391–401 [Google Scholar]
  74. Van den Berg M, Birnbaum LS, Denison M, De Vito M, Farland W. 74.  et al. 2006. The 2005 World Health Organization reevaluation of human and mammalian toxic equivalency factors for dioxins and dioxin-like compounds. Toxicol. Sci. 93:223–41 [Google Scholar]
  75. Haws LC, Su SH, Harris M, DeVito MJ, Walker NJ. 75.  et al. 2006. Development of a refined database of mammalian relative potency estimates for dioxin-like compounds. Toxicol. Sci. 89:4–30 [Google Scholar]
  76. Emond C, Birnbaum LS, DeVito MJ. 76.  2006. Use of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for rats to study the influence of body fat mass and induction of CYP1A2 on the pharmacokinetics of TCDD. Environ. Health Perspect. 114:1394–400 [Google Scholar]
  77. Emond C, Michalek JE, Birnbaum LS, DeVito MJ. 77.  2005. Comparison of the use of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model and a classical pharmacokinetic model for dioxin exposure assessments. Environ. Health Perspect. 113:1666–68 [Google Scholar]
  78. Diliberto JJ, Akubue PI, Luebke RW, Birnbaum LS. 78.  1995. Dose-response relationships of tissue distribution and induction of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 enzymatic activities following acute exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 130:197–208 [Google Scholar]
  79. Diliberto JJ, Burgin D, Birnbaum LS. 79.  1997. Role of CYP1A2 in hepatic sequestration of dioxin: studies using CYP1A2 knock-out mice. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 236:431–33 [Google Scholar]
  80. Birnbaum LS. 80.  1986. Distribution and excretion of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in congenic strains of mice which differ at the Ah locus. Drug Metab. Dispos. 14:34–40 [Google Scholar]
  81. Hurst CH, Abbott BD, DeVito MJ, Birnbaum LS. 81.  1998. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in pregnant Long Evans rats: disposition to maternal and embryo/fetal tissues. Toxicol. Sci. 45:129–36 [Google Scholar]
  82. Hurst CH, DeVito MJ, Setzer RW, Birnbaum LS. 82.  2000. Acute administration of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in pregnant Long Evans rats: association of measured tissue concentrations with developmental effects. Toxicol. Sci. 53:411–20 [Google Scholar]
  83. Hurst CH, DeVito MJ, Birnbaum LS. 83.  2000. Tissue disposition of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in maternal and developing Long-Evans rats following subchronic exposure. Toxicol. Sci. 57:275–83 [Google Scholar]
  84. Diliberto JJ, DeVito MJ, Ross DG, Birnbaum LS. 84.  2001. Subchronic exposure of [3H]- 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in female B6C3F1 mice: relationship of steady-state levels to disposition and metabolism. Toxicol. Sci. 61:241–55 [Google Scholar]
  85. Fenton SE, Hamm JT, Birnbaum LS, Youngblood GL. 85.  2002. Persistent abnormalities in the rat mammary gland following gestational and lactational exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Toxicol. Sci. 67:63–74 [Google Scholar]
  86. Johnson KL, Cummings AM, Birnbaum LS. 86.  1997. Promotion of endometriosis in mice by polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls. Environ. Health Perspect. 105:750–55 [Google Scholar]
  87. Cummings AM, Hedge JM, Birnbaum LS. 87.  1999. Effect of prenatal exposure to TCDD on the promotion of endometriotic lesion growth by TCDD in adult female rats and mice. Toxicol. Sci. 52:45–49 [Google Scholar]
  88. Birnbaum LS, Cummings AM. 88.  2002. Dioxins and endometriosis: a plausible hypothesis. Environ. Health Perspect. 110:15–21 [Google Scholar]
  89. Staskal DF, Diliberto JJ, DeVito MJ, Birnbaum LS. 89.  2005. Toxicokinetics of BDE 47 in female mice: effect of dose, route of exposure, and time. Toxicol. Sci. 83:215–23 [Google Scholar]
  90. Staskal DF, Diliberto JJ, DeVito MJ, Birnbaum LS. 90.  2005. Inhibition of human and rat CYP1A2 by TCDD and dioxin-like chemicals. Toxicol. Sci. 84:225–31 [Google Scholar]
  91. Staskal DF, Diliberto JJ, Birnbaum LS. 91.  2006. Impact of repeated exposure on the toxicokinetics of BDE 47 in mice. Toxicol. Sci. 89:380–85 [Google Scholar]
  92. Staskal DF, Diliberto JJ, Birnbaum LS. 92.  2006. Disposition of BDE 47 in developing mice. Toxicol. Sci. 90:309–16 [Google Scholar]
  93. Staskal DF, Hakk H, Bauer D, Diliberto JJ, Birnbaum LS. 93.  2006. Toxicokinetics of polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners 47, 99, 100, and 153 in mice. Toxicol. Sci. 94:28–37 [Google Scholar]
  94. Emond C, Sanders JM, Wikoff D, Birnbaum LS. 94.  2013. Proposed mechanistic description of dose-dependent BDE-47 urinary elimination in mice using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 273:335–44 [Google Scholar]
  95. Emond C, Raymer JH, Studabaker WB, Garner CE, Birnbaum LS. 95.  2010. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for developmental exposure to BDE-47 in rats. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 242:290–98 [Google Scholar]
  96. Szabo DT, Diliberto JJ, Hakk H, Huwe JK, Birnbaum LS. 96.  2010. Toxicokinetics of the flame retardant hexabromocyclododecane gamma: effect of dose, timing, route, repeated exposure, and metabolism. Toxicol. Sci. 117:282–93 [Google Scholar]
  97. Szabo DT, Diliberto JJ, Hakk H, Huwe JK, Birnbaum LS. 97.  2011. Toxicokinetics of the flame retardant hexabromocyclododecane alpha: effect of dose, timing, route, repeated exposure, and metabolism. Toxicol. Sci. 121:234–44 [Google Scholar]
  98. Szabo DT, Diliberto JJ, Huwe JK, Birnbaum LS. 98.  2011. Differences in tissue distribution of HBCD alpha and gamma between adult and developing mice. Toxicol. Sci. 123:256–63 [Google Scholar]
  99. Hakk H, Szabo DT, Huwe J, Diliberto J, Birnbaum LS. 99.  2012. Novel and distinct metabolites identified following a single oral dose of alpha- or gamma-hexabromocyclododecane in mice. Environ. Sci. Technol. 46:13494–503 [Google Scholar]
  100. Vinikoor LC, Larson TC, Bateson TF, Birnbaum L. 100.  2010. Exposure to asbestos-containing vermiculite ore and respiratory symptoms among individuals who were children while the mine was active in Libby, Montana. Environ. Health Perspect. 118:1033–38 [Google Scholar]
  101. Birnbaum LS. 101.  2012. NIEHS's new strategic plan. Environ. Health Perspect. 120:a298 [Google Scholar]
  102. Sanders JM, Knudsen GA, Birnbaum LS. 102.  2013. The fate of β-hexabromocyclododecane in female C57BL/6 mice. Toxicol. Sci. 134:251–57 [Google Scholar]
  103. Gosavi RA, Knudsen GA, Birnbaum LS, Pedersen LC. 103.  2013. Mimicking of estradiol binding by flame retardants and their metabolites: a crystallographic analysis. Environ. Health Perspect. 121:1194–99 [Google Scholar]
  104. Knudsen GA, Sanders JM, Sadik AM, Birnbaum LS. 104.  2014. Disposition and kinetics of Tetrabromobisphenol A in female Wistar Han rats. Toxicol. Rep. 1:214–23 [Google Scholar]
  105. Lorber M, Schecter A, Paepke O, Shropshire W, Christensen K, Birnbaum L. 105.  2015. Exposure assessment of adult intake of bisphenol A (BPA) with emphasis on canned food dietary exposures. Environ. Int. 77:55–62 [Google Scholar]
  106. Schecter A, Haffner D, Colacino J, Patel K, Päpke O. 106.  et al. 2010. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDES) and hexabromocyclodecane (HBCD) in composite U.S. food samples. Environ. Health Perspect. 118:357–62 [Google Scholar]
  107. Schecter A, Malik-Bass N, Calafat AM, Kato K, Colacino JA. 107.  et al. 2012. Polyfluoroalkyl compounds in Texas children from birth through 12 years of age. Environ. Health Perspect. 120:590–94 [Google Scholar]
  108. Schecter A, Szabo DT, Miller J, Gent TL, Malik-Bass N. 108.  et al. 2012. Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) stereoisomers in U.S. food from Dallas, Texas. Environ. Health Perspect. 120:1260–64 [Google Scholar]
  109. Schecter A, Lorber M, Guo Y, Wu Q, Yun SH. 109.  et al. 2013. Phthalate concentrations and dietary exposure from food purchased in New York State. Environ. Health Perspect. 121:473–94 [Google Scholar]
  110. Humblet O, Birnbaum L, Rimm E, Mittleman MA, Hauser R. 110.  2008. Dioxins and cardiovascular disease mortality. Environ. Health Perspect. 116:1443–48 [Google Scholar]
  111. Humblet O, Williams PL, Korrick SA, Sergeyev O, Emond C. 111.  et al. 2010. Predictors of serum dioxin, furan, and PCB concentrations among women from Chapaevsk, Russia. Environ. Sci. Technol. 44:5633–40 [Google Scholar]
  112. Humblet O, Sergeyev O, Altshul L, Korrick SA, Williams PL. 112.  et al. 2011. Temporal trends in serum concentrations of polychlorinated dioxins, furans, and PCBs among adult women living in Chapaevsk, Russia: a longitudinal study from 2000 to 2009. Environ. Health 10:62 [Google Scholar]
  113. Humblet O, Williams PL, Korrick SA, Sergeyev O, Emond C. 113.  et al. 2011. Dioxin and polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations in mother's serum and the timing of pubertal onset in sons. Epidemiology 22:827–35 [Google Scholar]
  114. Lam T, Williams PL, Burns JS, Sergeyev O, Korrick SA. 114.  et al. 2013. Predictors of serum chlorinated pesticide concentrations among prepubertal Russian boys. Environ. Health Perspect. 121:1372–77 [Google Scholar]
  115. Hoffman K, Fang M, Horman B, Patisaul HB, Garantziotis S. 115.  et al. 2014. Urinary tetrabromobenzoic acid (TBBA) as a biomarker of exposure to the flame retardant mixture Firemaster® 550. Environ. Health Perspect. 122:963–69 [Google Scholar]
  116. Lam T, Williams PL, Lee MM, Korrick SA, Birnbaum LS. 116.  et al. 2014. Prepubertal organochlorine pesticide concentrations and age of pubertal onset among Russian boys. Environ. Int. 73:135–42 [Google Scholar]
  117. Hoffman K, Garantziotis S, Birnbaum LS, Stapleton HM. 117.  2015. Monitoring indoor exposure to organophosphate flame retardants: hand wipes and house dust. Environ. Health Perspect. 123:160–65 [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010715-103255
Loading
  • Article Type: Review Article
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error