1932

Abstract

Despite long-standing recognition of the importance of family background in shaping life outcomes, only recently have empirical studies in demography, stratification, and other areas begun to consider the influence of kin other than parents. These new studies reflect the increasing availability of genealogical microdata that provide information about ancestors and kin over three or more generations. These data sets, including family genealogies, linked vital registration records, population registers, longitudinal surveys, and other sources, are valuable resources for social research on family, population, and stratification in a multigenerational perspective. This article reviews relevant recent studies, introduces and presents examples of the most important sources of genealogical microdata, identifies key methodological issues in the construction and analysis of genealogical data, and suggests directions for future research.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-soc-073014-112157
2017-07-31
2024-10-04
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/soc/43/1/annurev-soc-073014-112157.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-soc-073014-112157&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

Literature Cited

  1. Andreski P, Beaule A, Dascola M, Duffy D, Leissou E. et al. 2013. PSID main interview user manual: release 2013 Inst. Soc. Res., Univ. Mich. [Google Scholar]
  2. Arrondel L, Grange C. 2003. The accumulation and transmission of wealth over a long period: example of a rural family from Loire-Atlantique in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Hist. Fam. 8:1103–34 [Google Scholar]
  3. Bartholomew DJ. 1967. Stochastic Models for Social Processes London: Wiley [Google Scholar]
  4. Bean L, Mineau GP, Anderton D. 1990. Fertility Change on the American Frontier: Adaptation and Innovation Berkeley: Univ. Calif. Press [Google Scholar]
  5. Becker GS. 1981. A Treatise on the Family Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press [Google Scholar]
  6. Beeton M, Yule GU, Pearson K. 1900. Data for the problem of evolution in man. V. On the correlation between duration of life and the number of offspring. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. 67:159–79 [Google Scholar]
  7. Bengtson VL. 2001. Beyond the nuclear family: the increasing importance of multigenerational bonds. J. Marriage Fam. 63:1–16 [Google Scholar]
  8. Bengtsson T, Dribe M, Quaranta L, Svensson P. 2014. The Scanian Economic Demographic Database, Version 4.0 (Machine-Readable Database) Lund: Lund Univ., Cent. Econ. Demogr. [Google Scholar]
  9. Bideau A, Desjardins B, Brignoli HP. 1997. Infant and Child Mortality in the Past Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press [Google Scholar]
  10. Billari FC, Fent T, Prskawetz A, Scheffran J. 2006. Agent-Based Computational Modelling: Applications in Demography, Social, Economic and Environmental Sciences New York: Springer [Google Scholar]
  11. Black SE, Devereux PJ, Salvanes KG. 2005. Why the apple doesn't fall far: understanding intergenerational transmission of human capital. Am. Econ. Rev. 95:1437–39 [Google Scholar]
  12. Bol T, Kalmijn M. 2016. Grandparents’ resources and grandchildren's schooling: Does grandparental involvement moderate the grandparent effect?. Soc. Sci. Res. 55:155–70 [Google Scholar]
  13. Bongaarts J, Burch TK, Wachter KW. 1987. Family Demography: Methods and Their Application Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press [Google Scholar]
  14. Bonneuil N, Rosental PA. 1999. Changing social mobility in nineteenth-century France. Hist. Methods J. Quant. Interdiscip. Hist. 32:253–73 [Google Scholar]
  15. Bouchard TJ, McGue M. 1981. Familial studies of intelligence: a review. Science 212:44981055–59 [Google Scholar]
  16. Bourdieu J, Menéndez M, Postel-Vinay G, Suwa-Eisenmann A. 2008. Where have (almost) all the wealthy gone? Spatial decomposition of wealth trends in France, 1820–1939. Rev. Agric. Environ. Stud. 87:25–25 [Google Scholar]
  17. Bourdieu J, Kesztenbaum J, Postel-Vinay G. 2014. The TRA Project, a historical matrix. Population 69:2217–48 [Google Scholar]
  18. Breen R, Ermisch J. 2016. Educational reproduction in Great Britain: a prospective approach Presented at Res. Comm. Soc. Stratif. Mobil. (RC28) ISA, Bern, Switz. [Google Scholar]
  19. Campbell CD, Lee JZ. 2002. State views and local views of population: linking and comparing genealogies and household registers in Liaoning, 1749–1909. Hist. Comput. 14:9–29 [Google Scholar]
  20. Campbell CD, Lee JZ. 2003. Social mobility from a kinship perspective: rural Liaoning, 1789–1909. Int. Rev. Soc. Hist. 47:1–26 [Google Scholar]
  21. Campbell CD, Lee JZ. 2008. Kin networks, marriage, and social mobility in late imperial China. Soc. Sci. Hist. 32:2175–214 [Google Scholar]
  22. Campbell CD, Lee JZ. 2011. Kinship and the long-term persistence of inequality in Liaoning, China, 1749–2005. Chin. Sociol. Rev. 44:171–103 [Google Scholar]
  23. Cavalli-Sforza LL, Feldman MM. 1981. Cultural Transmission and Evolution: A Quantitative Approach Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press [Google Scholar]
  24. Cent. Hum. Resour. Res. Ohio State Univ. 2001. NLSY79 User's Guide: A Guide to the 1979–2000 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth Data Washington, DC: US Dep. Labor [Google Scholar]
  25. Chan TW, Boliver V. 2013. The grandparent effect in social mobility: evidence from British birth cohort studies. Am. Sociol. Rev. 78:4662–78 [Google Scholar]
  26. Chaparro MP, Koupil I. 2014. The impact of parental educational trajectories on their adult offspring's overweight/obesity status: a study of three generations of Swedish men and women. Soc. Sci. Med. 120:199–207 [Google Scholar]
  27. Chen S, Lee J, Campbell CD. 2010. Wealth stratification and reproduction in Northeast China, 1866–1907. Hist. Fam. Int. Q. 15:4386–412 [Google Scholar]
  28. Cherlin AJ, Furstenberg FF. 1986. The New American Grandparent: A Place in the Family, a Life Apart New York: Basic Books [Google Scholar]
  29. Chiang YL, Park H. 2015. Do grandparents matter? A multigenerational perspective on educational attainment in Taiwan. Soc. Sci. Res. 51:163–73 [Google Scholar]
  30. Clark G. 2007. A Farewell to Alms: A Brief Economic History of the World Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press [Google Scholar]
  31. Clark G. 2014. The Son Also Rises: Surnames and the History of Social Mobility Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press [Google Scholar]
  32. Clark G, Cummins N. 2015. Malthus to modernity: wealth, status, and fertility in England, 1500–1879. J. Popul. Econ. 28:13–29 [Google Scholar]
  33. Clark G, Cummins N, Yu H, Vidal DD. 2015. Surnames: a new source for the history of social mobility. Explorations Econ. Hist. 55:13–24 [Google Scholar]
  34. Clarke M. 1986. Demographic processes and household dynamics: a micro-simulation approach. Population Structure and Models: Developments in Spatial Demography R Woods, P Rees 245–72 Boston/London: Allen & Unwin [Google Scholar]
  35. Coall DA, Hertwig R. 2010. Grandparental investment: past, present, and future. Behav. Brain Sci. 33:1–59 [Google Scholar]
  36. Cohen M. 1990. Lineage organization in North China. J. Asian Stud. 49:3509–34 [Google Scholar]
  37. Conley D, Siegal ML, Domingue BW, Harris KM, McQueen MB, Boardman JD. 2014. Testing the key assumption of heritability estimates based on genome-wide genetic relatedness. J. Hum. Genet. 59:342–45 [Google Scholar]
  38. De Vos S, Palloni A. 1989. Formal models and methods for the analysis of kinship and household organization. Popul. Index 55:2174–98 [Google Scholar]
  39. Domingue BW, Fletcher J, Conley D, Boardman JD. 2014. Genetic and educational assortative mating among US adults. PNAS 111:7996–8000 [Google Scholar]
  40. Dong H, Campbell CD, Kurosu S, Yang W, Lee JZ. 2015. New sources for comparative social science: historical population panel data from East Asia. Demography 52:31061–88 [Google Scholar]
  41. Dong H, Manfredini M, Kurosu S, Yang W, Lee JZ. 2016. Kin and birth order effects on male child mortality: three East Asian populations, 1716–1945. Evol. Hum. Behav. 38:208–16 [Google Scholar]
  42. Dribe M, Helgertz J. 2017. The lasting impact of grandfathers: class, occupational status, and earnings over three generations in Sweden 1815–2011. J. Econ. Hist. 76:969–1000 [Google Scholar]
  43. Dunifon R, Kowaleski-Jones L. 2007. The influence of grandparents in single-mother families. J. Marriage Fam. 69:2465–81 [Google Scholar]
  44. Dyke B, Morrill WT. 1980. Genealogical Demography New York: Academic [Google Scholar]
  45. Engberg E, Westberg A, Edvinsson S. 2016. A unique source for innovative longitudinal research: the POPLINK database. Hist. Life Course Stud. 3:20–31 [Google Scholar]
  46. Erola J, Moisio P. 2007. Social mobility over three generations in Finland, 1950–2000. Eur. Sociol. Rev. 23:169–83 [Google Scholar]
  47. Faul J, Smith J, Zhao W. 2014. Health and retirement study: candidate gene and SNP data description Health Retire. Study, Univ. Mich., Ann Arbor, MI. http://hrsonline.isr.umich.edu/sitedocs/genetics/candidategene/CandidateGeneSNPDataDescription [Google Scholar]
  48. Ferrie JP. 1997. Immigrants and natives in the U.S.: comparative economic performance in the United States, 1850–1860 and 1965–1980. Res. Labor Econ. 16:319–41 [Google Scholar]
  49. Ferrie JP. 2005. The end of American exceptionalism? Mobility in the U.S. since 1850. J. Econ. Perspect. 19:199–215 [Google Scholar]
  50. Ferrie JP, Massey C, Rothbaum J. 2016. Do grandparents and great-grandparents matter? Multigenerational mobility in the US, 1910–2013 NBER Work. Pap. No. 22635, Natl. Bur. Econ. Res. [Google Scholar]
  51. Freeman BC. 1935. Fertility and longevity in married women dying after the end of the reproductive period. Hum. Biol. 7:3392–418 [Google Scholar]
  52. Freedman M. 1966. Chinese Lineage and Society: Fukien and Kwangtung Lond. School Econ. Monogr. Soc. Anthropol., No. 33 London: Athlone Press [Google Scholar]
  53. Ganzeboom HBG, Treiman DJ, Ultee WC. 1991. Comparative intergenerational stratification research: three generations and beyond. Annu. Rev. Sociol. 17:277–302 [Google Scholar]
  54. Goldgar DE, Easton DF, Cannon-Albright LA, Skolnick MH. 1994. Systematic population-based assessment of cancer risk in first-degree relatives of cancer probands. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 86:211600–8 [Google Scholar]
  55. Golding J, Pembrey M, Jones R, Study Team ALSPAC. 2001. ALSPAC—the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol. 15:174–87 [Google Scholar]
  56. Goldstein JR, Stecklov G. 2016. From Patrick to John F.: ethnic names and occupational success in the last era of mass migration. Am. Sociol. Rev. 81:185–106 [Google Scholar]
  57. Goodman A, Koupil I. 2009. Social and biological determinants of reproductive success in Swedish males and females born 1915–1929. Evol. Hum. Behav. 30:5329–41 [Google Scholar]
  58. Goodman A, Koupil I. 2010. The effect of school performance upon marriage and long-term reproductive success in 10,000 Swedish males and females born 1915–1929. Evol. Hum. Behav. 31:6425–35 [Google Scholar]
  59. Goodman A, Koupil I, Lawson DW. 2012. Low fertility increases descendant socioeconomic position but reduces long-term fitness in a modern post-industrial society. Proc. R. Soc. B 279:17464342–51 [Google Scholar]
  60. Goodman LA, Keyfitz N, Pullum TW. 1974. Family formation and the frequency of various kinship relationships. Theor. Popul. Biol. 5:1–27 [Google Scholar]
  61. Grusky DB, Smeeding TM, Snipp CM. 2015. A new infrastructure for monitoring social mobility in the United States. Ann. Am. Acad. Polit. Soc. Sci. 657:63–82 [Google Scholar]
  62. Hammel EA. 1993. Incomplete histories in family reconstitution: a sensitivity test of alternative strategies with historical Croatian data. Old and New Methods in Historical Demography DS Reher, R Schofield 125–44 New York: Oxford Univ. Press [Google Scholar]
  63. Hammel EA, McDaniel CK, Wachter KW. 1979. Demographic consequences of incest tabus: a microsimulation analysis. Science 205:4410972–77 [Google Scholar]
  64. Hanson HA, Smith KR, Zimmer Z. 2015. Reproductive history and later-life comorbidity trajectories: a Medicare-linked cohort study from the Utah Population Database. Demography 52:62021–49 [Google Scholar]
  65. Harrell S. 1987. On the holes in Chinese genealogies. Late Imp. China 8:253–79 [Google Scholar]
  66. Harrell S, Pullum T. 1995. Marriage, mortality, and the developmental cycle in three Xiaoshan lineages. Chinese Historical Microdemography S Harrell 141–62 Berkeley: Univ. Calif. Press [Google Scholar]
  67. Heeringa SG, Connor J. 1995. Technical description of the Health and Retirement Study sample design HRS/AHEAD Doc. Rep. 002, Inst. Soc. Res., Univ. Mich. [Google Scholar]
  68. Henry L. 1968. Historical demography. Daedalus 97:2385–96 [Google Scholar]
  69. Hertel FR, Groh-Samberg O. 2014. Class mobility across three generations in the US and Germany. Res. Soc. Stratif. Mobil. 35:35–52 [Google Scholar]
  70. Hodge RW. 1966. Occupational mobility as a probability process. Demography 3:119–34 [Google Scholar]
  71. Hollingsworth TH. 1964. The Demography of the British Peerage London: Popul. Investig. Comm., Lond. Sch. Econ. [Google Scholar]
  72. Hollingsworth TH. 1969. Historical Demography Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Press [Google Scholar]
  73. HRWG (Househ. Regist. Work. Group). 2003. Research on Tansung household registers Seoul: Sungkyunkwan Univ. Press (in Korean) [Google Scholar]
  74. Hout M, Guest AM. 2013. Intergenerational occupational mobility in Great Britain and the United States since 1850: comment. Am. Econ. Rev. 103:52021–40 [Google Scholar]
  75. Howell N, Lehotay VA. 1978. AMBUSH: a computer program for stochastic microsimulation of small human populations. Am. Anthropol. 80:4905–22 [Google Scholar]
  76. Hällsten M. 2014. Inequality across three and four generations in Egalitarian Sweden: 1st and 2nd cousin correlations in socio-economic outcomes. Res. Soc. Stratif. Mobil. 35:19–33 [Google Scholar]
  77. Jæger MM. 2012. The extended family and children's educational success. Am. Sociol. Rev. 77:903–22 [Google Scholar]
  78. Jennings JA, Sullivan AR, Hacker JD. 2012. Intergenerational transmission of reproductive behavior during the demographic transition. J. Interdiscip. Hist. 42:4543–69 [Google Scholar]
  79. Johnson DS, Massey C, O'Hara A. 2015. The opportunities and challenges of using administrative data linkages to evaluate mobility. Ann. Am. Acad. Polit. Soc. Sci. 657:1247–64 [Google Scholar]
  80. Kesztenbaum L. 2008. Places of life events as bequestable wealth: family territory and migration in France, 19th and 20th centuries. Kinship and Demographic Behavior in the Past T Bengtsson, GP Mineau 155–84 Dordrecht, Neth.: Springer [Google Scholar]
  81. Kim K. 2016. Family demography in traditional Choson Korea: survival strategies of families. A Global History of Historical Demography: Half a Century of Interdisciplinarity A Fauve-Chamoux, I Bolovan, S Solver 411–33 Bern, Switz.: Peterland [Google Scholar]
  82. Kim K, Park H. 2010. Family succession through adoption in the Chosun Dynasty. Hist. Fam. 4:443–52 [Google Scholar]
  83. King V, Elder GH. 1997. The legacy of grandparenting: childhood experiences with grandparents and current involvement with grandchildren. J. Marriage Fam. 59:4848–59 [Google Scholar]
  84. Knigge A. 2016. Beyond the parental generation: the influence of grandfathers and great-grandfathers on status attainment. Demography 53:1219–44 [Google Scholar]
  85. Knodel JE. 2002. Demographic Behavior in the Past: A Study of Fourteen German Village Populations in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press [Google Scholar]
  86. Kolk M. 2014. Understanding transmission of fertility across multiple generations—socialization or socio-economics?. Res. Soc. Stratif. Mobil. 35:89–103 [Google Scholar]
  87. Lawrence M, Breen R. 2016. And their children after them? The effect of college on educational reproduction. Am. J. Sociol. 122:2532–72 [Google Scholar]
  88. LeBras H, Wachter KW. 1978. Living forbears in stable populations. Statistical Studies of Historical Social Structure KW Wachter, EA Hammel, P Laslett 163–88 New York: Academic [Google Scholar]
  89. Lee JZ, Campbell CD, Chen S. 2010. China Multi-Generational Panel Dataset, Liaoning (CMGPD-LN) 1749–1909. User Guide. Ann Arbor, MI: Interuniv. Consort. Political Soc. Res. [Google Scholar]
  90. Lee JZ, Campbell CD, Wang F. 1993. The last emperors: an introduction to the demography of the Qing (1644–1911) imperial lineage. New and Old Methods in Historical Demography DS Reher, R Schofield 361–82 Oxford, UK: Oxford Univ. Press [Google Scholar]
  91. Légaré J, Lavoie Y, Charbonneau H. 1972. The early Canadian population: problems in automatic record linkage. Can. Hist. Rev. 53:4427–42 [Google Scholar]
  92. Liu TJ. 1978. Chinese genealogies as a source for the study of historical demography. Studies and Essays in Commemoration of the Golden Jubilee of the Academia Sinica849–70 Taipei: Academia Sinica [Google Scholar]
  93. Liu TJ. 1981. The demographic dynamics of some clans in the Lower Yangtze area, ca. 1400–1900. Acad. Econ. Pap. 9:1115–60 [Google Scholar]
  94. Liu TJ. 1985. The demography of two Chinese clans in Hsiao-shan, Chekiang, 1650–1850. Family and Population in East Asian History S Hanley, AP Wolf 13–61 Stanford, CA: Stanford Univ. Press [Google Scholar]
  95. Liu TJ. 1995a. Demographic constraint and family structure in traditional Chinese lineages, ca. 1200–1900. Chinese Historical Microdemography S Harrell 121–40 Berkeley: Univ. Calif. Press [Google Scholar]
  96. Liu TJ. 1995b. Historical demography of south China lineages. Chinese Historical Microdemography S Harrell 94–120 Berkeley: Univ. Calif. Press [Google Scholar]
  97. Long J, Ferrie JP. 2013. Intergenerational occupational mobility in Great Britain and the United States since 1850. Am. Econ. Rev. 103:41109–37 [Google Scholar]
  98. Mare RD. 2011. A multigenerational view of inequality. Demography 48:1–23 [Google Scholar]
  99. Mare RD. 2014. Multigenerational aspects of social stratification: issues for further research. Res. Soc. Stratif. Mobil. 35:121–28 [Google Scholar]
  100. Mare RD. 2015. Measuring networks beyond the origin family. Ann. Am. Acad. Polit. Soc. Sci. 657:197–107 [Google Scholar]
  101. Mare RD, Maralani V. 2006. The intergenerational effects of changes in women's educational attainments. Am. Sociol. Rev. 71:542–64 [Google Scholar]
  102. Mare RD, Song X. 2014. Social mobility in multiple generations Work. Pap. PWP-CCPR-2014-014, Calif. Cent. Popul. Res., Univ. Calif., Los Angeles [Google Scholar]
  103. Massey C. 2016. Playing with matches: an assessment of accuracy in linked historical data Work. Pap., CARRA No. 2016–05, US Census Bur., June 10. https://www.census.gov/library/working-papers/2016/adrm/carra-wp-2016-05.html [Google Scholar]
  104. Matras J. 1961. Differential fertility, intergenerational occupational mobility, and change in the occupational distribution: some elementary interrelationships. Popul. Stud. 15:187–97 [Google Scholar]
  105. McCall L, Percheski C. 2010. Income inequality: new trends and research directions. Annu. Rev. Sociol. 36:329–47 [Google Scholar]
  106. Mitnik PA, Cumberworth E, Grusky DB. 2016. Social mobility in a high-inequality regime. Ann. Am. Acad. Polit. Soc. Sci. 663:1140–84 [Google Scholar]
  107. Modin B, Erikson R, Vågerö D. 2013. Intergenerational continuity in school performance: Do grandparents matter. Eur. Sociol. Rev. 29:4858–70 [Google Scholar]
  108. Møllegaard S, Jæger MM. 2015. The effect of grandparents’ economic, cultural, and social capital on grandchildren's educational success. Res. Soc. Stratif. Mobil. 42:11–19 [Google Scholar]
  109. Murphy M. 2006. The role of assortative mating on population growth in contemporary developed societies. See Billari et al. 2006 61–84 [Google Scholar]
  110. Neckerman KM, Torche F. 2007. Inequality: causes and consequences. Annu. Rev. Sociol. 33:335–57 [Google Scholar]
  111. Norton SL. 1980. The vital question: Are reconstituted families representative of the general population?. Genealogical Demography B Dyke, WT Morrill 11–22 New York: Academic [Google Scholar]
  112. Olivetti C, Paserman MD. 2015. In the name of the son (and the daughter): intergenerational mobility in the United States, 1850–1940. Am. Econ. Rev. 105:82695–724 [Google Scholar]
  113. Olivetti C, Paserman MD, Salisbury L. 2016. Three-generation mobility in the United States, 1850–1940: the role of maternal and paternal grandparents NBER Work. Pap. No. w22094, Natl Bur. Econ. Res Cambridge, MA: [Google Scholar]
  114. Oosten M, Mandemakers K. 2007. GENLIAS release 2007_03, linked marriage certificates: five Dutch provinces (as a whole) Amsterdam: Int. Inst. Soc. Hist. [Google Scholar]
  115. Park H, Lee S. 2008. A survey of data sources for studies of family and population in Korean history. Hist. Fam. 13:258–67 [Google Scholar]
  116. Piketty T. 2014. Capital in the 21st Century Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press [Google Scholar]
  117. Pfeffer FT. 2014. Multigenerational approaches to social mobility: a multifaceted research agenda. Res. Soc. Stratif. Mobil. 1:351–12 [Google Scholar]
  118. Pfeffer FT, Killewald A. 2015. How rigid is the wealth structure and why? Inter- and multigenerational associations in family wealth Work. Pap. 15–845, Popul. Stud. Cent., Univ. Mich. [Google Scholar]
  119. Post W, Van Poppel F, Van Imhoff E, Kruse E. 1997. Reconstructing the extended kin-network in the Netherlands with genealogies data: methods, problems, and results. Popul. Stud. 51:3263–78 [Google Scholar]
  120. Preston SH. 1976. Family sizes of children and family sizes of women. Demography 13:1105–14 [Google Scholar]
  121. Preston SH, Campbell CD. 1993. Differential fertility and the distribution of traits: the case of IQ. Am. J. Sociol. 98:5997–1019 [Google Scholar]
  122. Reeves JH. 1987. Projection of number of kin. See Bongaarts et al. 1987 228–48 [Google Scholar]
  123. Reichman N, Teitler J, Garfinkel I, McLanahan S. 2001. Fragile families: sample and design. Children Youth Serv. Rev. 23:4/5303–26 [Google Scholar]
  124. Reid A, Davies R, Garrett E. 2002. Nineteenth-century Scottish demography from linked censuses and civil registers: a ‘sets of related individuals’ approach. Hist. Comput. 14:1/261–86 [Google Scholar]
  125. Ruggles S. 1987. Prolonged Connections: The Rise of the Extended Family in Nineteenth-Century England and America Madison, WI: Univ. Wis. Press [Google Scholar]
  126. Ruggles S. 1992. Migration, marriage, and mortality: correcting sources of biases in English family reconstitutions. Popul. Stud. 46:507–22 [Google Scholar]
  127. Ruggles S. 2014. Big microdata for population research. Demography 51:287–97 [Google Scholar]
  128. Schofield R, Wrigley EA. 1979. Infant and child mortality in England in the late Tudor and early Stuart periods. Health, Medicine and Mortality in the Sixteenth Century C Webster 61–95 Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press [Google Scholar]
  129. Sear R, Mace R. 2008. Who keeps children alive? A review of the effects of kin on child survival. Evol. Hum. Behav. 29:11–18 [Google Scholar]
  130. Servais MA. 2010. Overview of HRS public data files for cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis Surv. Res. Cent., Inst. Soc. Res., Univ. Mich. [Google Scholar]
  131. Sharkey P, Elwert F. 2011. The legacy of disadvantage: multigenerational neighborhood effects on cognitive ability. Am. J. Sociol. 116:61934–81 [Google Scholar]
  132. Silverstein M, Marenco A. 2001. How Americans enact the grandparent role across the family life. J. Fam. Issues 22:4493–522 [Google Scholar]
  133. Slattery ML, Kerber RA. 1993. A comprehensive evaluation of family history and breast cancer risk: the Utah Population Database. JAMA 270:131563–68 [Google Scholar]
  134. Smith JE. 1987. The computer simulation of kin sets and kin counts. See Bongaarts et al. 1987 249–66 [Google Scholar]
  135. Smith JE, Oeppen J. 1993. Estimating numbers of kin in historical England using demographic microsimulation. Old and New Methods in Historical Demography DS Reher, R Schofield 280–317 New York: Oxford Univ. Press [Google Scholar]
  136. Smith KR, West JA, Croyle RT, Botkin JR. 1999. Familial context of genetic testing for cancer susceptibility: moderating effect of siblings’ test results on psychological distress one to two weeks after BRCA1 mutation testing. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev. 8:385–92 [Google Scholar]
  137. Solon G. 1999. Intergenerational mobility in the labor market. Handb. Labor Econ. 3:1761–800 [Google Scholar]
  138. Solon G. 2014. Theoretical models of inequality transmission across multiple generations. Res. Soc. Stratif. Mobil. 35:13–18 [Google Scholar]
  139. Solon G, Page ME, Duncan GJ. 2000. Correlations between neighboring children in their subsequent educational attainment. Rev. Econ. Stat. 82:3383–92 [Google Scholar]
  140. Song X. 2016. Diverging mobility trajectories: grandparent effects on educational attainment in one- and two-parent families. Demography 53:1905–32 [Google Scholar]
  141. Song X, Campbell CD, Lee JZ. 2015. Ancestry matters: patrilineage growth and extinction. Am. Sociol. Rev. 80:3574–602 [Google Scholar]
  142. Song X, Mare RD. 2015. Prospective versus retrospective approaches to the study of intergenerational social mobility. Sociol. Methods Res. 44:4555–84 [Google Scholar]
  143. Song X, Mare RD. 2017. Short-term and long-term educational mobility of families: a two-sex approach. Demography 54:145–73 [Google Scholar]
  144. Szelényi I, Treiman DJ. 1994. Social stratification in Eastern Europe after 1989: general population survey—provisional codebook Work. Pap., Dep. Sociol., Univ. Calif., Los Angeles [Google Scholar]
  145. Taylor DP, Stoddard GJ, Burt RW, Williams MS, Mitchell JA. et al. 2011. How well does family history predict who will get colorectal cancer? Implications for cancer screening and counseling. Genet. Med. 13:5385–91 [Google Scholar]
  146. Teerlink CC, Albright FS, Lins L, Cannon-Albright LA. 2012. A comprehensive survey of cancer risks in extended families. Genet. Med. 14:107–14 [Google Scholar]
  147. Telford T. 1990. Patching the holes in Chinese genealogies: mortality in the lineage populations of Tongcheng county, 1300–1880. Late Imp. China 11:2116–36 [Google Scholar]
  148. Telford T. 1992. Covariates of men's age at first marriage: the historical demography of Chinese lineages. Popul. Stud. 46:119–35 [Google Scholar]
  149. Thorvaldsen G, Andersen T, Sommerseth HL. 2015. Record linkage in the Historical Population Register for Norway. Population Reconstruction G Bloothooft, P Christen, K Mandemakers, M Schraagen 155–71 Dordrecht, Neth.: Springer [Google Scholar]
  150. Torche F, Corvalan A. 2016. Estimating intergenerational mobility with grouped data (a critique of Clark's The Son Also Rises). Sociol. Methods Res. In press [Google Scholar]
  151. Treiman DJ, Moeno S, Schlemmer L. 1996. Survey of socioeconomic opportunity and achievement in South Africa—codebook Work. Pap., Dep. Sociol., Univ. Calif., Los Angeles [Google Scholar]
  152. Treiman DJ, Walder AG. 1996. Life histories and social change in contemporary China Soc. Sci. Data Arch., Univ. Calif., Los Angeles. Updated Jan. 4, 2016 [Google Scholar]
  153. Tremblay M, Vèzina H, Desjardins B, Houde L. 2008. Distant kinship and founder effects in the Quebec population. Kinship and Demographic Behavior in the Past T Bengtsson, GP Mineau 259–77 Dordrecht, Neth: Springer [Google Scholar]
  154. Wachter KW, Hammel EA, Laslett P. 1978. Statistical Studies of Historical Social Structure New York: Academic [Google Scholar]
  155. Wagner D, Layne M. 2014. The person identification validation system (PVS): applying the Center for Administrative Records Research and Applications’ (CARRA) record linkage software CARRA Work. Pap. No. 2014–01, US Census Bur., July 1. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/working-papers/2014/adrm/carra-wp-2014-01.pdf [Google Scholar]
  156. Wang F, Lee JZ, Campbell CD. 1995. Marital fertility control among the Qing nobility: implications for two types of preventive check. Popul. Stud. 49:3383–400 [Google Scholar]
  157. Warren JR, Hauser RM. 1997. Social stratification across three generations: new evidence from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study. Am. Sociol. Rev. 62:4561–72 [Google Scholar]
  158. Wightman P, Danziger S. 2014. Multi-generational income disadvantage and the educational attainment of young adults. Res. Soc. Stratif. Mobil. 35:53–69 [Google Scholar]
  159. Willigan JD, Lynch KA. 1982. Sources and Methods of Historical Demography New York: Academic [Google Scholar]
  160. Wilson EB, Doering CR. 1926. The elder Peirce's. PNAS 12:7424–32 [Google Scholar]
  161. Winston S. 1932. Birth control and the sex-ratio at birth. Am. J. Sociol. 38:2225–31 [Google Scholar]
  162. Wisselgren MJ, Edvinsson S, Berggren M, Larsson M. 2014. Testing methods of record linkage on Swedish censuses. Hist. Methods J. Quant. Interdiscip. Hist. 47:3138–51 [Google Scholar]
  163. Wolf AP, Huang CS. 1980. Marriage and Adoption in China, 1845–1945 Stanford, CA: Stanford Univ. Press [Google Scholar]
  164. Wright S. 1929. The evolution of dominance. Am. Nat. 63:689556–61 [Google Scholar]
  165. Wrigley EA. 1997. English Population History from Family Reconstitution 1580–1837 (No. 32) Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press [Google Scholar]
  166. Xie Y, Killewald A. 2013. Intergenerational occupational mobility in Great Britain and the United States since 1850: comment. Am. Econ. Rev. 103:52003–20 [Google Scholar]
  167. Xie Y, Zhang C. 2016. Children of the Cultural Revolution: multigenerational effects on educational outcomes in China Presented at Res. Comm. Soc. Stratif. Mobil. (RC28) ISA, Bern, Switz. [Google Scholar]
  168. Zhao Z. 2000. Coresidential patterns in historical China: a simulation study. Popul. Dev. Rev. 26:2263–93 [Google Scholar]
  169. Zhao Z. 2001. Chinese genealogies as a source for demographic research: a further assessment of their reliability and biases. Popul. Stud. 55:2181–93 [Google Scholar]
  170. Zeng Z, Xie Y. 2014. The effects of grandparents on children's schooling: evidence from rural China. Demography 51:2599–617 [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-soc-073014-112157
Loading
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-soc-073014-112157
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Review Article
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error