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Abstract
▪ Abstract
This review explains why generalized parton distributions and the related quantum phase-space distributions are useful in exploring the quark and gluon structure of the proton and neutron. It starts with the physics of form factors and parton distributions. Then quantum phase-space distributions and their offspring are discussed. The properties of generalized parton distributions are described. In particular, I elucidate the relation to the spin structure of the nucleon. Finally, various methods to determine the new distributions are explained.