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Annual Review of Entomology

Volume 64, 2019

Vectors of Babesiosis

Abstract

Babesiosis, caused by piroplasmid protozoans in the genus , is arguably the most important vector-borne disease of livestock and companion animals and is growing in importance as a zoonosis. Ixodid ticks were identified as vectors more than a hundred years ago, but the particular tick species transmitting some significant pathogens are still unknown. Moreover, it is only recently that the complexity of the pathogen–tick relationship has been revealed as a result of studies enabled by gene expression and RNA interference methodology. In this article, we provide details of demonstrated and incriminated vectors, maps of the current knowledge of vector distribution, a summary of established features of the pathogen life cycle in the vector, and an outline of molecular research on pathogen–tick relationships. The article concludes with a discussion of vector ecology and disease epidemiology in a global-change context and with suggestions for future research.

Keyword(s): Babesia, babesiosis, tick distribution, tick ecology, tick–pathogen relationships, vector competence
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2019-01-07
2025-05-14
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Vectors of Babesiosis
Annual Review of Entomology 64, 149 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-011118-111932
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-ento-011118-111932
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-ento-011118-111932
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Supplementary Data

  • Download Supplemental Figure 1 (PDF).

    Download Supplemental Table 1: Babesia spp of humans and domestic animals with accession numbers of representative 18Sr DNA sequences. Information on general biology is provided in the references (PDF).

    Download Supplemental Table 2: Proven ixodid vectors of Babesia spp. of veterinary and/or medical importance: vector competence indicated by field observations and confirmed by transmission experiments (PDF).

    Download Supplemental Table 3: Ticks incriminated as Babesia vectors: with epidemiological relevance but lacking confirmation (PDF).

  • Article Type: Review Article

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