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Annual Review of Materials Research

Volume 45, 2015

Citrate-Based Biomaterials and Their Applications in Regenerative Engineering

Abstract

Advances in biomaterials science and engineering are crucial to translating regenerative engineering, an emerging field that aims to recreate complex tissues, into clinical practice. In this regard, citrate-based biomaterials have become an important tool owing to their versatile material and biological characteristics including unique antioxidant, antimicrobial, adhesive, and fluorescent properties. This review discusses fundamental design considerations, strategies to incorporate unique functionality, and examples of how citrate-based biomaterials can be an enabling technology for regenerative engineering.

Keyword(s): citric acid, degradation, elastomer, medical device, tissue engineering
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-matsci-070214-020815
2015-07-01
2025-04-18
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Citrate-Based Biomaterials and Their Applications in Regenerative Engineering
Annual Review of Materials Research 45, 277 (2015); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-matsci-070214-020815
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-matsci-070214-020815
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-matsci-070214-020815
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Supplementary Data

  • Download all Supplemental Figures in a single PDF (also reproduced below).

    Supplemental Figure 1. Citrate-based biomaterial combinational crosslinking mechanisms. A) Poly(octamethylene citrate) – Click (POC-Click) materials can be crosslinked using a thermal synchronous binary (TSB) crosslinking mechanism: thermal click reaction between azide and alkyne groups and esterification between –COOH and –OH groups. B) Citrate-based biomaterials synthesized with vinyl containing monomers offer a dual crosslinking mechanism (DCM): free radical polymerization between unsaturated functional groups and/or thermal esterification between –COOH and –OH groups.





    Supplemental Figure 2. Representative synthesis schematic of crosslinked urethane-doped polyesters (CUPE). A) First, citric acid is reacted with 1,8-octanediol to create a poly(octamethylene citrate) (POC) pre-polymer. B) Next, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) is doped into the pre-polymer network and acts as a chain extender for pre-POC. The resulting material is a soft and elastic polyester network containing degradable ester bonds with urethane linkages. Adapted from Figure 1 of reference (29) with permission.





    Supplemental Figure 3. Schematic of the synthesis of diazeniumdiolated CBBs for the prolonged release of nitric oxide (NO). NO release profile can be controlled with the choice of diol, with hydrophobic diols resulting in slower NO release.

  • Article Type: Review Article

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