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Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy is a label-free imaging technique that is capable of real-time, nonperturbative examination of living cells and organisms based on molecular vibrational spectroscopy. Recent advances in detection schemes, understanding of contrast mechanisms, and developments of laser sources have enabled superb sensitivity and high time resolution. Emerging applications, such as metabolite and drug imaging and tumor identification, raise many exciting new possibilities for biology and medicine.
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Supplemental Movie 1: Microscopy of the Human Retina. Video demonstrating the ability of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy to image the human retina. The movie shows a 100x magnification, 180 μm × 180 μm, 55-μm forward propagating CARS (F-CARS) depth stack through an ex vivo human retina at the lipid band. The animation begins at the retina surface, where a capillary can be seen on top of the nerve fiber layer. As the depth increases, each layer of the retina can be seen, with the photoreceptor layer imaged at a final depth of 55 μm. Download movie file (MOV)