1932
0
  1. Home
  2. A-Z Publications
  3. Annual Review of Anthropology
  4. Volume 51, 2022
  5. Article

Annual Review of Anthropology

Volume 51, 2022

The Carceral State: An American Story

Abstract

This article reviews key works in the anthropology of mass incarceration, generated by anthropologists and their interlocutors whose research is directed outside physical sites of imprisonment. My geographical focus is on the United States during the last decade's political and economic Zeitgeist, shaped by the manifestations and consequences of the carceral state and the prison industrial complex. My discussion is also guided by research invigorated by anthropology's decolonizing drive and growing concern about racism within and outside the academy. Along the way, and emphasized in the final section, I make the case that anthropology's abiding interest in kinship is a productive approach for configuring our understanding of the American carceral state and the racial landscapes of carcerality. The research reviewed shows how deeply carcerality is embedded in race, illuminating its destructiveness in Black and brown communities, yet also revealing the creation of regenerative spaces of kinship.

Keyword(s): abolition, belonging, decolonizing anthropology, incarceration, kinship, race
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-anthro-041420-013930
2022-10-24
2024-04-26
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/anthro/51/1/annurev-anthro-041420-013930.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-anthro-041420-013930&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

Literature Cited

  1. Alexander M 2010. The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness New York: New Press
  2. Allen JS, Jobson RC. 2016. The decolonizing generation: (race and) theory in anthropology since the eighties. Curr. Anthropol. 57:129–40
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Anderson M. 2019. From Boas to Black Power: Racism, Liberalism, and American Anthropology Stanford, CA: Stanford Univ. Press
  4. Antonini F. 2019. Pessimism of the intellect, optimism of the will: Gramsci's political thought in the Last Miscellaneous Notebooks. Rethink. Marx. 31:42–57
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Beliso-De Jesús AM. 2019. The jungle academy: molding white supremacy in American police recruits. Am. Anthropol. 122:143–56
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Berry MJ, Chávez Argüelles C, Cordis S, Ihmoud S, Velásquez Estrada E. 2017. Toward a fugitive anthropology: gender, race, and violence in the field. Cult. Anthropol. 32:537–65
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Bertram W, Sawyer W. 2021. Prisons and jails will separate millions of mothers from their children in 2021. Prison Policy Initiative Blog May 5. https://www.prisonpolicy.org/blog/2021/05/05/mothers-day-2021/
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Bonilla Y, Rosa J. 2015. #Ferguson: digital protest, hashtag ethnography, and the racial politics of social media in the United States. Am. Ethnol. 42:4–17
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Bornstein A. 2015. Institutional racism, numbers management, and zero-tolerance policing in New York City. N. Am. Dialogue 18:51–62
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Bourgois P. 2000. Comment. . Curr. Anthropol. 41:177–78
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Bourgois P. 2004. US inner city apartheid: the contours of structural and interpersonal violence. See Scheper-Hughes & Bourgois 2004 301–8
  12. Bourgois P. 2011. Lumpen abuse: the human cost of righteous neoliberalism. City Soc 23:2–12
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Boyle G. 2021. Panel discussion: Changing Carceral Systems Through Compassion, Practice, and Research Harvard Radcliffe Inst: online, Febr. 4. https://www.radcliffe.harvard.edu/event/2021-changing-carceral-systems-virtual
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Browne S. 2015. Dark Matters: On the Surveillance of Blackness Durham, NC: Duke Univ. Press
  15. Buck PD. 2021. Centering prisons: reframing analysis of the state, relations of power and resistance. Am. Anthropol. 123:617–20
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Burch M. 2019. Captive afterlives in the age of mass conviction. Hist. Anthropol. 30:515–20
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Burch M. 2021. Scripting the conviction: power and resistance in the management of criminal stigma. Am. Anthropol. 123:645–57
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Burns D, Dominguez L, Gordon R, McTighe L, Moss L, Rosario G. 2020. The ground on which we stand: making abolition. J. Anthropol. N. Am. 23:98–120
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Burton O. 2015a. Black lives matter: a critique of anthropology. Society for Cultural Anthropology Editors’ Forum Hot Spots Blog June 29. https://culanth.org/fieldsights/black-lives-matter-a-critique-of-anthropology
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Burton O. 2015b. To protect and serve whiteness. N. Am. Dialogue 18:38–50
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Burton O. 2021. Captivity, kinship, and black masculine care work under domestic warfare. Am. Anthropol. 123:621–32
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Byrd R. 2016. “Punishment's twin”: theorizing prisoner reentry for a politics of abolition. Soc. Justice 43:1–22
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Camp JT, Heatherton C, eds. 2016. Policing the Planet: Why the Policing Crisis Led to Black Lives Matter London: Verso
  24. Cantero LE. 2017. Sociocultural anthropology in 2016: in dark times: hauntologies and other ghosts of production. Am. Anthropol. 119:308–18
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Carter RL. 2019. Prayers for the People: Homicide and Humanity in the Crescent City Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  26. Chin E. 2021. Let us become pyrophytes (fire-lovers). Am. Anthropol. 123:217–21
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Clarke KM. 2009. Fictions of Justice: The International Criminal Court and the Challenges of Legal Pluralism in Sub-Saharan Africa Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  28. Cox A. 2015. Shapeshifters: Black Girls and the Choreography of Citizenship Durham, NC: Duke Univ. Press
  29. Crane JT, Pascoe K. 2021. Becoming institutionalized: incarceration as a chronic health condition. Med. Anthropol. Q. 35:307–26
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Cunha M. 2014. The ethnography of prisons and penal confinement. Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 43:217–33
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Davis AY. 1996. Incarcerated women: transformative strategies. Black Renaiss 1:21–38
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Davis AY 2000. From the convict lease system to the super-max prison. States of Confinement: Policing, Detention, and Prisons J James 60–74 London: Palgrave Macmillan
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Davis AY. 2003. Are Prisons Obsolete? New York: Seven Stories
  34. Davis D-A. 2016.. “ The bone collectors”: comments for sorrow as artifact: black radical mothering in times of terror. Transform. Anthropol. 24:8–16
     [Google Scholar]
  35. Davis M. 1995. Hell factories in the field. The Nation, Febr 20:229–34
     [Google Scholar]
  36. Dewey S. 2021. Anthropologies of the U.S. criminal justice system. PoLAR 44:1e153–63
     [Google Scholar]
  37. Dewey S, Zare B, Connolly C, Epler R, Bratton R. 2019. Outlaw Women: Prison, Rural Violence, and Poverty in the American West New York: NYU Press
  38. Diaz-Barriga M, Dorsey ME. 2020. Fencing In Democracy: Border Walls, Necrocitizenship, and the Security State Durham, NC: Duke Univ. Press
  39. Dorsey ME, Diaz-Barriga M. 2015. The Constitution free zone in the United States: law and life in a state of carcelment. PoLAR 38:204–25
     [Google Scholar]
  40. Dorsey ME, Diaz-Barriga M. 2020. Algorithms, German shepherds, and LexisNexis: reticulating the digital security state in the Constitution-free zone. See McAtackney & McGuire 2020 179–94
  41. Doughty K. 2019. Cultural anthropology in 2018: captivity and its unruly failures. Am. Anthropol. 121:431–46
     [Google Scholar]
  42. Dreisinger B. 2016. Incarceration Nations: A Journey to Justice in Prisons Around the World New York: Other
  43. Dressel J, Farid H. 2018. The accuracy, fairness, and limits of predicting recidivism. Sci. Adv. 4:aao5580
     [Google Scholar]
  44. Ellis R. 2021. Prisons as porous institutions. Theory Soc 50:175–99
     [Google Scholar]
  45. Enns P, Yi Y, Comfort M, Goldman AW, Lee H et al. 2019. What percentage of Americans have ever had a family member incarcerated? Evidence from the Family History of Incarceration Survey (FamHIS). Socius 5:1–45
     [Google Scholar]
  46. Fassin D. 2013. Enforcing Order: An Ethnography of Urban Policing New York: Polity
  47. Fassin D. 2017. Prison Worlds: An Ethnography of the Carceral Condition transl. R Gomme Cambridge, UK: Polity (From French)
  48. Fassin D. 2018. The Will to Punish New York: Oxford Univ. Press
  49. Felber G. 2020. Those Who Know Don't Say: The Nation of Islam, the Black Freedom Movement, and the Carceral State Chapel Hill: Univ. N. C. Press
  50. Fleetwood NR. 2020. Marking Time: Art in the Age of Mass Incarceration Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
  51. Foucault M. 1977. Discipline and Punish New York: Pantheon
  52. Franklin S, McKinnon S. 2000. New directions in kinship study: a core concept revisited. Curr. Anthropol. 41:275–79
     [Google Scholar]
  53. Garcia A. 2016. The blue years: an ethnography of a prison archive. Cult. Anthropol. 31:571–94
     [Google Scholar]
  54. Gill N, Moran D, Conlon D, eds. 2013. Carceral Spaces: Mobility and Agency in Imprisonment and Migrant Detention New York: Ashgate
  55. Gilmore RW. 1999. You have dislodged a boulder: mothers and prisoners in the post-Keynesian California landscape. Transform. Anthropol. 8:12–38
     [Google Scholar]
  56. Gilmore RW. 2007. The Golden Gulag: Prisons, Surplus, Crisis, and Opposition in Globalizing California Berkeley: Univ. Calif. Press
  57. Gilmore RW 2017. Abolition geography and the problem of innocence. Futures of Black Radicalism GT Johnson, A Lubin 225–40 London: Verso
     [Google Scholar]
  58. Gomberg-Muñoz R. 2016. Criminalized workers: introduction to Special Issue on Migrant Labor and Mass Deportation. Anthropol. Work Rev. 37:3–10
     [Google Scholar]
  59. Grandin G. 2019. The End of the Myth: From the Frontier to the Border Wall in the Mind of America New York: Metropolitan
  60. Green L. 1994. Fear as a way of life. Cult. Anthropol. 9:227–56
     [Google Scholar]
  61. Gross KN. 2018. Policing Black women's and Black girls’ bodies in the carceral United States. Souls 20:1–13
     [Google Scholar]
  62. Gupta A. 2021. Decolonizing US anthropology Pres. Address Am. Anthropol. Assoc. Annu. Meet. Baltimore: Novemb. 20
  63. Gusterson H. 2007. Anthropology and militarism. Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 36:155–75
     [Google Scholar]
  64. Haldipur J. 2018. No Place on the Corner: The Costs of Aggressive Policing New York: NYU Press
  65. Haraway DJ. 2016. Staying with the Trouble: Making Kin in the Chthulucene Durham, NC: Duke Univ. Press
  66. Harrison FV. 1991. Anthropology as an agent of transformation: introductory comments and queries. Decolonizing Anthropology: Moving Further Toward an Anthropology of Liberation FV Harrison1–15 Arlington, VA: Assoc. Black Anthropol./Am. Anthropol. Assoc.
     [Google Scholar]
  67. Harrison FV. 2021. Reckoning with dread: dilemmas of democracy when all lives don't matter Disting. Lect., Am. Anthropol. Assoc. Annu. Meet. Baltimore: Novemb. 17
  68. Hattery AJ, Smith E. 2021. Policing Black Bodies: How Black Lives Are Surveilled and How to Work for Change Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield
  69. Hinton E. 2016. From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime: The Making of Mass Incarceration in America Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
  70. hooks b. 2015. Homeplace: a site of resistance. Yearning: Race, Gender, and Cultural Politics b hooks 41–50 New York: Routledge
     [Google Scholar]
  71. Jobson RC. 2020. The case for letting anthropology burn: sociocultural anthropology in 2019. Am. Anthropol. 122:259–71
     [Google Scholar]
  72. Kajstura A. 2019. Women's mass incarceration: the whole pie 2019 Press Release, Prison Policy Initiative Northampton, MA: Oct. 29. https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/pie2019women.html
  73. Lacey N. 2010. American imprisonment in comparative perspective. Daedalus 139:102–14
     [Google Scholar]
  74. Loperena CA. 2016. A divided community: the ethics and politics of activist research. Curr. Anthropol. 57:332–46
     [Google Scholar]
  75. Lutz C. 2002. Making war at home in the United States: militarization and the current crisis. Am. Anthropol. 104:723–35
     [Google Scholar]
  76. Macías-Rojas P. 2016. From Deportation to Prison: The Politics of Immigration Enforcement in Post–Civil Rights America New York: NYU Press
  77. Macías-Rojas P. 2018. The prison and the border: an ethnography of shifting border security logics. Qual. Sociol. 41:221–42
     [Google Scholar]
  78. Martin JT. 2018. Police and policing. Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 47:133–48
     [Google Scholar]
  79. Martin L. 2018.. “ Free but still walking the yard”: prisonization and the problems of reentry. J. Contemp. Ethnogr. 47:671–94
     [Google Scholar]
  80. Martin L. 2021. Halfway House: Prisoner Reentry and the Shadow of Carceral Care New York: NYU Press
  81. McAtackney L, McGuire RH 2020. Walling In and Walling Out: Why Are We Building New Barriers to Divide Us? Santa Fe: Univ. N. M. Press
  82. Mebane-Cruz A. 2015. Incarceration by category: racial designations and the black borders of Indianness. PoLAR 38:226–47
     [Google Scholar]
  83. Middlemass KM. 2017. Convicted and Condemned: The Politics and Policies of Prisoner Reentry New York: NYU Press
  84. Middlemass KM, Smiley CJ. 2019. Introduction: critical reentry in the 21st century. . In Prisoner Re-Entry in the 21st Century: Critical Perspectives of Returning Home KM Middlemass, CJ Smiley 1–10 New York: Routledge
     [Google Scholar]
  85. Miller RJ. 2021. Halfway Home: Race, Punishment, and the Afterlife of Mass Incarceration New York: Little, Brown
  86. Moran D, Turner J, Schliehe AK. 2018. Conceptualizing the carceral in carceral geography. Prog. Hum. Geogr. 42:666–86
     [Google Scholar]
  87. Morrell A. 2018. Policing the carceral state: prisons and panic in an upstate New York prison town. Transform. Anthropol. 26:50–62
     [Google Scholar]
  88. Morrell A. 2021. Hometown prison: whiteness, safety, and prison work in upstate New York State. Am. Anthropol. 123:633–44
     [Google Scholar]
  89. Mullings L. 2005. Interrogating racism: toward an antiracist anthropology. Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 34:667–93
     [Google Scholar]
  90. Ortner SB. 2016. Dark anthropology and its others: theory since the eighties. HAU J. Ethnogr. Theory 16:47–73
     [Google Scholar]
  91. Painter G. 2020. How even a casual brush with the law can permanently mar a young man's life—especially if he's Black. The Conversation Sept. 28. https://theconversation.com/how-even-a-casual-brush-with-the-law-can-permanently-mar-a-young-mans-life-especially-if-hes-black-142886
    [Google Scholar]
  92. Parikh S, Kwon JB, eds. 2020. @Ferguson: still here in the afterlives of Black death, defiance, and joy: an American Ethnologist Forum. Am. Ethnol. 47:107–209
     [Google Scholar]
  93. Paterson A. 1932. The Prison Problem of America (with Admiration for Those Who Face It) Maidstone, UK: H. M. Prison
     [Google Scholar]
  94. Pearson H. 2021. Work without labor: life in the surround of a rural prison town. Cult. Anthropol. 36:167–92
     [Google Scholar]
  95. Polanco MB. 2015. Punishment and the state: imprisonment, transgressions, scapegoats, and the contributions of anthropology: an introduction. PoLAR 38:200–3
     [Google Scholar]
  96. Ralph L. 2014. Renegade Dreams: Living Through Injury in Gangland Chicago Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  97. Ralph L. 2019. The making of Richard Zuley: the ignored linkages between the US criminal in/justice system and the international security state. Am. Anthropol. 122:133–42
     [Google Scholar]
  98. Ralph L. 2020. The Torture Letters Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  99. Raschig M. 2017. Triggering change: police homicides, community healing, and the emergent eventfulness of the New Civil Rights. Cult. Anthropol. 32:399–423
     [Google Scholar]
  100. Rhodes LA. 2001. Toward an anthropology of prisons. Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 30:65–83
     [Google Scholar]
  101. Richards-Calathes W. 2021. The story of Aya: penaealogy, Black women's kinship, and the carceral state. Fem. Anthropol. 2:50–64
     [Google Scholar]
  102. Riggs R. 2015. Reflections on institutional boundary work and boundary crossing: prison, free society, and prisoner re-entry. Dialect. Anthropol. 39:433–42
     [Google Scholar]
  103. Robbins J. 2013. Beyond the suffering subject: toward an anthropology of the good. J. R. Anthropol. Inst. 19:447–62
     [Google Scholar]
  104. Roberts DE. 2019. Foreword: abolition and constitutionalism. Harvard Law Rev. 133:3–122
     [Google Scholar]
  105. Rodriguez D. 2006. Forced Passages: Imprisoned Radical Intellectuals and the US Prison Regime Minneapolis: Univ. Minn. Press
  106. Rodseth L. 2018. Hegemonic concepts of culture: the checkered history of dark anthropology. Am. Anthropol. 120:398–411
     [Google Scholar]
  107. Rouse CM. 2021. Necropolitics versus biopolitics: spatialization, white privilege, and visibility during a pandemic. Cult. Anthropol. 36:360–67
     [Google Scholar]
  108. Routon E. 2021. Legal care and friction in family detention. Cult. Anthropol. 36:312–39
     [Google Scholar]
  109. Rovner J. 2021. Latinx disparities in youth incarceration Fact Sheet, Sentencing Project Washington, DC: https://www.sentencingproject.org/publications/latino-disparities-youth-incarceration/
  110. Sahlins M. 2013. What Kinship Is—and Is Not Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
     [Google Scholar]
  111. Sassen S. 2014. Expulsions: Brutality and Complexity in the Global Economy Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
  112. Scheper-Hughes N, Bourgois P, eds. 2004.. Violence in War and Peace Malden, MA: Blackwell
  113. Schliehe AK, Moran D 2017. Conclusion: reflections on capturing the carceral. Carceral Spatiality: Dialogues Between Geography and Criminology, ed. D Moran, AK Schliehe 269–83 London: Palgrave
     [Google Scholar]
  114. Schoenfeld H. 2018. Building the Prison State: Race and the Politics of Mass Incarceration Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
  115. Sentencing Project 2020. Incarcerated women and girls Fact Sheet, Sentencing Project Washington, DC: https://www.sentencingproject.org/publications/incarcerated-women-and-girls/
  116. Sered D. 2019. Until We Reckon: Violence, Mass Incarceration, and a Road to Repair New York: New Press
  117. Shabazz R. 2015. Spatializing Blackness: Architectures of Confinement and Black Masculinity in Chicago Urbana: Univ. Ill. Press
  118. Shammas VL. 2019. The perils of parole hearings: California lifers, performative disadvantage, and the ideology of insight. PoLAR 42:142–60
     [Google Scholar]
  119. Shange S. 2019a. Black girl ordinary: flesh, carcerality, and the refusal of ethnography. . Transform. Anthropol. 27:3–21
     [Google Scholar]
  120. Shange S. 2019b. Progressive Dystopia: Abolition, Antiblackness, and Schooling in San Francisco Durham, NC: Duke Univ. Press
  121. Sharp LA. 2022. Death and dying in carceral America: the prison hospice as an inverted space of exception. Med. Anthropol. Q. 36:2177–97
     [Google Scholar]
  122. Sikand N dir 2019. Inside/Outside https://vimeo.com/ondemand/insideoutside2
  123. Simmons D. 2015. The fire this time: Anthropologists mobilize around police brutality and violence. N. Am. Dialogue 18:35–37
     [Google Scholar]
  124. Smith CA. 2016. Facing the dragon: Black mothering, sequelae, and gendered necropolitics in the Americas. . Transform. Anthropol 24:31–48
     [Google Scholar]
  125. Sojoyner DM. 2016. First Strike: Educational Enclosures in Black Los Angeles Minneapolis: Univ. Minn. Press
  126. Sojoyner DM. 2017. Another life is possible: Black fugitivity and enclosed places. Cult. Anthropol. 32:514–36
     [Google Scholar]
  127. Sojoyner DM. 2021. You are going to get us killed: fugitive archival practice and the carceral state. Am. Anthropol. 123:658–70
     [Google Scholar]
  128. Speed S. 2019. Incarcerated Stories: Indigenous Women Migrants and Violence in the Settler-Capitalist State Chapel Hill: Univ. N. C. Press
  129. Starzmann MT. 2019. Topographies of removal: rethinking the archaeology of prisons. The Archaeology of Removal in North America T Weik 189–215 Gainesville: Univ. Press Fla.
     [Google Scholar]
  130. Steinmetz E, DaRyndA , Inza , Mel V, Naẽ et al 2019. I choose to look above the prison walls. Anthropol. News 60:6e81–89
     [Google Scholar]
  131. Stevenson B. 2014. Just Mercy: A Story of Justice and Redemption New York: One World
  132. Strathern M. 2005. Kinship, Law and the Unexpected: Relatives Are Always a Surprise Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  133. Sudbury J. 2004. A world without prisons: resisting militarism, globalized punishment, and empire. Soc. Justice 31:9–30
     [Google Scholar]
  134. Sufrin C. 2019. When the punishment is pregnancy: carceral restriction of abortion in the United States. Cult. Anthropol. 34:34–40
     [Google Scholar]
  135. Szalai J. 2021. Nearly 20 million Americans have a felony record. What happens after they've served their time?. New York Times Febr. 3. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/03/books/review-halfway-home-mass-incarceration-reuben-jonathan-miller.html
    [Google Scholar]
  136. Tamarkin N. 2018. Time and relational possibility: cultural anthropology in 2017. Am. Anthropol. 120:305–27
     [Google Scholar]
  137. Tenorio SC. 2021. Assata's escape as disincarceral practice. Cult. Dyn. 33:65–81
     [Google Scholar]
  138. Terrio SJ. 2015. Whose Child Am I? Unaccompanied, Undocumented Children in U.S. Immigration Custody Oakland: Univ. Calif. Press
  139. Thomas D. 2018. Decolonizing disciplines. Am. Anthropol. 120:393–97
     [Google Scholar]
  140. Thompkins DE. 2010. The expanding prisoner reentry industry. Dialect. Anthropol. 34:589–604
     [Google Scholar]
  141. Thompkins DE, Curtis R, Wendel T 2010. Forum: the prison reentry industry. Dialect. Anthropol. 34:427–29
     [Google Scholar]
  142. Trouillot M-R 1991. Anthropology and the savage slot: the poetics and politics of otherness. Recapturing Anthropology RG Fox 17–44 Santa Fe, NM: Sch. Am. Res.
     [Google Scholar]
  143. Wacquant L. 2000. The new “peculiar institution”: on the prison as surrogate ghetto. Theor. Criminol. 4:377–89
     [Google Scholar]
  144. Wacquant L. 2002a. From slavery to mass incarceration: rethinking the “race question” in the US. New Left Rev 13:41–60
     [Google Scholar]
  145. Wacquant L. 2002b. Scrutinizing the street: poverty, morality, and the pitfalls of urban ethnography. Am. J. Sociol. 107:1468–532
     [Google Scholar]
  146. Wacquant L. 2009. Prisons of Poverty Minneapolis: Univ. Minn. Press
  147. Wacquant L. 2010a. Class, race, and hyperincarceration in revanchist America. Daedalus 139:74–90
     [Google Scholar]
  148. Wacquant L. 2010b. Crafting the neoliberal state: workfare, prisonfare, and social insecurity. Sociol. Forum 25:197–220
     [Google Scholar]
  149. Wacquant L. 2010c. Prisoner reentry as myth and ceremony. Dialect. Anthropol. 34:605–20
     [Google Scholar]
  150. Wang J. 2018. Carceral Capitalism Pasadena, CA: Semiotext(e)
  151. Washington K. 2019. Love-politics and the carceral encounter. Anthropol. News 60:1e65–70
     [Google Scholar]
  152. Waterston A. 2018. Four stories, a lament, and an affirmation. Am. Anthropol. 120:258–65
     [Google Scholar]
  153. Weegels J, Jefferson AM, Martin TM. 2020. Introduction. Confinement beyond site: connecting urban and prison ethnographies. Camb. J. Anthropol. 38:1–14
     [Google Scholar]
  154. Weston K. 1991. Families We Choose: Lesbians, Gays, Kinship New York: Columbia Univ. Press
     [Google Scholar]
  155. Worth Rises 2021. The prison industry: how it started, how it works, how it harms Rep. Worth Rises New York: https://worthrises.org/s/The-Prison-Industry-How-It-Started-How-It-Works-and-How-It-Harms-December-2020.pdf
  156. Young-Alfaro MV. 2017. Students as threats: schooling inside a youth prison. Anthropol. Educ. Q. 48:301–17
     [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-anthro-041420-013930
Loading
  • Article Type: Review Article

Most Cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error