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Annual Review of Resource Economics

Volume 13, 2021

Economic, Environmental, and Health Impacts of the Fracking Boom

Abstract

The shale gas boom revolutionized the energy sector through hydraulic fracturing (fracking). High levels of energy production force communities, states, and nations to consider the externalities and potential risks associated with this unconventional oil and natural gas development (UOGD). In this review, we systematically outline the environmental, economic, and anthropogenic impacts of UOGD, while also considering the diverse methodological approaches to these topics. We summarize the current status and conclusions of the academic literature, in both economic and related fields, while also providing suggested avenues for future research. Causal inference will continue to be important for the evaluation of UOGD costs and benefits. We conclude that current economic, global, and health forces may require researchers to revisit outcomes in the face of a potential shale bust.

Keyword(s): economic externalities, environmental, fracking, hydraulic fracturing, JEL Q3, JEL Q4, JEL Q5, JEL R1
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2021-10-05
2025-04-26
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/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-resource-110320-092648
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Economic, Environmental, and Health Impacts of the Fracking Boom
Annual Review of Resource Economics 13, 311 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-110320-092648
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-resource-110320-092648
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-resource-110320-092648
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