1932

Abstract

Cellular entry of retroviruses is the first critical stage of retroviral replication. Live cell imaging has been utilized to visualize the dynamics, localization, and kinetics of the viral fusion process. Here, we review the different methodologies used for live cell imaging and how the use of these techniques has better elucidated the viral entry process of avian sarcoma and leukosis virus (ASLV) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) as well as cell-to-cell transmission of retroviruses. Although some controversies remain, further development of these techniques will provide new insights into the process and dynamics of retroviral fusion in vivo.

Associated Article

There are media items related to this article:
Live Cell Imaging of Retroviral Entry: Video 1
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-virology-031413-085502
2014-09-29
2025-02-18
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-virology-031413-085502
Loading
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-virology-031413-085502
Loading

Data & Media loading...

    Detection of viral fusion with live cell imaging. The fusion of Tomato-Vpr/iGFP-labeled HIV-1 with CHO cells was imaged at 37°C under a blood/gas mixture of CO on a DeltaVision OMX microscope. The experiment was imaged for 44 min with a Z series of images taken every 45 s. Viral fusion was observed as a decrease in GFP fluorescence after 37.5 min due to release of the fluid phase GFP marker into the cytoplasm of the cell. The Tomato-Vpr-labeled virus retained a lower amount of GFP fluorescence after fusion due to GFP localization to the interior of the capsid (Figure 1). See for further details.

  • Article Type: Review Article
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error