1932
0
  1. Home
  2. A-Z Publications
  3. Annual Review of Developmental Psychology
  4. Volume 5, 2023
  5. Article

Annual Review of Developmental Psychology

Volume 5, 2023

Intervening Early: Socioemotional Interventions Targeting the Parent–Infant Relationship

Abstract

Responsive, nurturing parenting helps infants and young children develop secure, organized attachments as well as adequate self-regulatory capabilities. However, when parents experience challenges, they often have difficulty providing responsive, nurturing care. In this article, we provide an overview of interventions that have been developed to enhance parental responsiveness, and we discuss in detail three interventions that have particularly strong evidence of effectiveness. For each intervention, we describe the intervention's purported mechanism and the evidence supporting its engagement as well as proximal and distal intervention outcomes. The three interventions described vary in duration from 6 to 32 sessions on average and are variously implemented in the home or office. Nonetheless, all three interventions have strong evidence of effectiveness in engaging the intervention mechanism of parental responsiveness and show impressive effects on children's attachment and self-regulatory capabilities. We also discuss challenges in disseminating interventions in the community.

Keyword(s): attachment, early intervention, parent–infant, sensitivity, socioemotional
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-devpsych-120621-043254
2023-12-11
2024-05-03
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/devpsych/5/1/annurev-devpsych-120621-043254.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-devpsych-120621-043254&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

Literature Cited

  1. Ainsworth MD, Blehar MC, Waters E, Wall S. 1978. Patterns of Attachment: A Psychological Study of the Strange Situation Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
  2. Anderson SE, Whitaker RC. 2011. Attachment security and obesity in US preschool-aged children. Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. 165:3235–42. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.292
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, van IJzendoorn MH, Juffer F. 2003. Less is more: meta-analyses of sensitivity and attachment interventions in early childhood. Psychol. Bull. 129:2195–215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.2.195
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bernard K, Butzin-Dozier Z, Rittenhouse J, Dozier M. 2010. Cortisol production patterns in young children living with birth parents versus children placed in foster care following involvement of Child Protective Services. Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. 164:438–43
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Bernard K, Dozier M, Bick J, Gordon MK. 2015a. Intervening to enhance cortisol regulation among children at risk for neglect: results of a randomized clinical trial. Dev. Psychopathol. 27:829–41
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Bernard K, Dozier M, Bick J, Lewis-Morrarty E, Lindhiem O, Carlson E. 2012. Enhancing attachment organization among maltreated infants: results of a randomized clinical trial. Child Dev. 83:623–36
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Bernard K, Hostinar CE, Dozier M. 2015b. Intervention effects on diurnal cortisol rhythms of CPS-referred infants persist into early childhood: preschool follow-up results of a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Pediatr. 169:112–19
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Bernard K, Lee AH, Dozier M. 2017. Effects of the ABC intervention on foster children's receptive vocabulary: results from a randomized clinical trial. Child Maltreat. 22:174–79
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Bick J, Palmwood EN, Zajac L, Simons R, Dozier M. 2019. Early prevention and adverse environments affect neural functioning in middle childhood. Biol. Psychiatry 85:326–35
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Blehar MC, Lieberman AF, Ainsworth MDS. 1977. Early face-to-face interaction and its relation to later infant-mother attachment. Child Dev. 48:182–94. https://doi.org/10.2307/1128897
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  11. Bornstein MH, Tamis-LeMonda CS. 1997. Maternal responsiveness and infant mental abilities: specific predictive relations. Infant Behav. Dev. 20:3283–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-6383(97)90001-1
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  12. Bosquet Enlow M, King L, Schreier HM, Howard JM, Rosenfield D et al. 2014. Maternal sensitivity and infant autonomic and endocrine stress responses. Early Hum. Dev. 90:7377–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2014.04.007
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  13. Bowlby J. 1952. Maternal care and mental health: a report prepared on behalf of the World Health Organization as a contribution to the United Nations programme for the welfare of homeless children Rep., World Health Organ. Geneva, Switz:. , 2nd ed..
  14. Bowlby J. 1982. Attachment and Loss, Volume 1: Attachment New York: Basic Books. , 2nd ed..
  15. Breitenstein SM, Gross D, Garvey CA, Hill D, Fogg L, Resnick B. 2010. Implementation fidelity in community-based interventions. Res. Nurs. Health 33:2164–73. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.20373
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  16. Calkins SD. 2008. The emergence of self-regulation: biological and behavioral control mechanisms supporting toddler competencies. Socioemotional Development: The Toddler Years CA Brownell, CB Kopp 261–84. New York: Guilford
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Carlson EA. 1998. A prospective longitudinal study of attachment disorganization/disorientation. Child Dev. 69:41107–28. https://doi.org/10.2307/1132365
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  18. Caron E, Bernard K, Dozier M. 2018. In vivo feedback predicts parent behavior change in the Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-Up intervention. J. Clin. Child Adolesc. Psychol. 47:Suppl. 1S35–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2016.1141359
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  19. Caron EB, Dozier M. 2019. Effects of fidelity-focused consultation on clinicians' implementation: an exploratory multiple baseline design. Adm. Policy Ment. Health Ment. Health Serv. Res. 46:445–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-019-00924-3
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  20. Caron EB, Dozier M. 2022. Self-coding of fidelity as a potential active ingredient of consultation to improve clinicians’ fidelity. Adm. Policy Ment. Health Ment. Health Serv. Res. 49:237–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-021-01160-4
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  21. Cassidy J, Brett BE, Gross JT, Stern JA, Martin DR et al. 2017. Circle of security-parenting: a randomized controlled trial in Head Start. Dev. Psychopathol. 29:2651–73. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417000244
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  22. Chisholm K. 1998. A three year follow-up of attachment and indiscriminate friendliness in children adopted from Romanian orphanages. Child Dev. 69:41092–106
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Cicchetti D, Rogosch F, Toth S. 2006. Fostering secure attachment in infants in maltreating families through preventive interventions. Dev. Psychopathol. 18:3623–49. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579406060329
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  24. Conradt E, Ablow J. 2010. Infant physiological response to the still-face paradigm: contributions of maternal sensitivity and infants’ early regulatory behavior. Infant Behav. Dev. 33:3251–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2010.01.001
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  25. Dodge KA, Goodman WB, Bai Y, O'Donnell K, Murphy RA 2019. Effect of a community agency-administered nurse home visitation program on program use and maternal and infant health outcomes: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw. Open 2:11e1914522 https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.14522
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  26. Dozier M, Bernard K. 2019. Coaching Parents of Vulnerable Infants: The Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-Up Approach New York: Guilford
  27. Dozier M, Stovall KC, Albus KE, Bates B. 2001. Attachment for infants in foster care: the role of caregiver state of mind. Child Dev. 72:1467–77
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Dozier M, Zeanah CH, Bernard K. 2013. Infants and toddlers in foster care. Child Dev. Perspect. 7:166–71
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Eftekhari A, Ruzek JI, Crowley JJ, Rosen CS, Greenbaum MA, Karlin BE. 2013. Effectiveness of national implementation of prolonged exposure therapy in Veterans Affairs care. JAMA Psychiatry 70:9949–55. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.36
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  30. Eyberg SM, Funderburk BW. 2011. Parent-Child Interaction Therapy Protocol (2010 Version 1.0) Gainesville, FL: PCIT International
  31. Eyberg SM, Funderburk BW, Hembree-Kigin TL, McNeil CB, Querido JG, Hood KK. 2001. Parent-child interaction therapy with behavior problem children: one and two year maintenance of treatment effects in the family. Child Fam. Behav. Ther. 23:41–20. https://doi.org/10.1300/J019v23n04_01
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  32. Facompré CR, Bernard K, Waters TEA. 2018. Effectiveness of interventions in preventing disorganized attachment: a meta-analysis. Dev. Psychopathol. 30:11–11. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417000426
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  33. Fearon RP, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, van IJzendoorn MH, Lapsley A-M, Roisman GI. 2010. The significance of insecure attachment and disorganization in the development of children's externalizing behavior: a meta-analytic study. Child Dev. 81:2435–56. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01405.x
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  34. Feldman R, Greenbaum CW, Yirmiya N. 1999. Mother–infant affect synchrony as an antecedent of the emergence of self-control. Dev. Psychol. 35:1223–31. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.35.1.223
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  35. Fisher PA, Frenkel TI, Noll LK, Berry M, Yockelson M. 2016. Promoting healthy child development via a two-generation translational neuroscience framework: the Filming Interactions to Nurture Development video coaching program. Child Dev. Perspect. 10:4251–56. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12195
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  36. Fox NA, Almas AN, Degnan KA, Nelson CA, Zeanah CH. 2011. The effects of severe psychosocial deprivation and foster care intervention on cognitive development at 8 years of age: findings from the Bucharest Early Intervention Project. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry 52:9919–28. https://doi.org /10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02355
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Garnett M, Bernard K, Zajac L, Hoye J, Dozier M. 2020. Parental sensitivity mediates the sustained effect of Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-Up on cortisol in middle childhood. Psychoneuroendocrinology 121:e104809
     [Google Scholar]
  38. Garvin M, Tarullo A, Van Ryzin M, Gunnar M. 2012. Postadoption parenting and socioemotional development in postinstitutionalized children. Dev. Psychopathol. 24:135–48. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579411000642
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  39. Groh AM, Fearon RP, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, van IJzendoorn MH, Steele RD, Roisman GI. 2014. The significance of attachment security for children's social competence with peers: a meta-analytic study. Attach. Hum. Dev. 16:2103–36
     [Google Scholar]
  40. Gunnar MR, Frenn K, Wewerka SS, Van Ryzin MJ. 2009. Moderate versus severe early life stress: associations with stress reactivity and regulation in 10–12-year-old children. Psychoneuroendocrinology 34:162–75
     [Google Scholar]
  41. Hagan MJ, Browne DT, Sulik M, Ghosh Ippen C, Bush N, Lieberman AF 2017. Parent and child trauma symptoms during child–parent psychotherapy: a prospective cohort study of dyadic change. J. Trauma Stress 30:6690–97. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.22240
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  42. Hawkins RO, Collins TA, Haas Ramirez L, Murphy JM, Ritter C 2020. Examining the generalization of a combined independent and interdependent group contingency for students with emotional and behavioral disorders. Behav. Disord. 45:4238–51
     [Google Scholar]
  43. Hepworth AD, Berlin LJ, Salas K, Pardue-Kim M, Martoccio TL, Jones Harden B 2021. Increasing maternal sensitivity to infant distress through attachment-based intervention: a randomized controlled trial. Attach. Hum. Dev. 23:6953–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2020.1834592
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  44. Hofer MA. 1994. Hidden regulators in attachment, separation, and loss. Monogr. Soc. Res. Child Dev. 59:2–3192–207. https://doi.org /10.2307/1166146
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Hoffman KT, Marvin RS, Cooper G, Powell B. 2006. Changing toddlers’ and preschoolers’ attachment classifications: the circle of security intervention. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 74:61017–26. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.74.6.1017
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  46. Hoye JR, Cheishvili D, Yarger HA, Roth TL, Szyf M, Dozier M. 2019. Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-Up alters DNA methylation in maltreated children: preliminary intervention effects from a randomized clinical trial. Dev. Psychopathol. 32:1486–94
     [Google Scholar]
  47. Johansson M, Marciszko C, Gredebäck G, Nyström P, Bohlin G. 2015. Sustained attention in infancy as a longitudinal predictor of self-regulatory functions. Infant Behav. Dev. 41:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2015.07.001
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  48. Juffer F, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, van IJzendoorn MH, eds. 2008. Promoting Positive Parenting: An Attachment-Based Intervention New York: Erlbaum
  49. Knudsen EI. 2004. Sensitive periods in the development of the brain and behavior. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 16:1412–25
     [Google Scholar]
  50. Kopp CB. 1982. Antecedents of self-regulation: a developmental perspective. Dev. Psychol. 18:199–214. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.18.2.199
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  51. Labella MH, Lind T, Sellers T, Roben CKP, Dozier M. 2020. Emotion regulation among children in foster care versus birth parent care: differential effects of an early home-visiting intervention. J. Abnorm. Child Psychol. 48:8995–1006. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-020-00653-4
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  52. Leerkes EM. 2011. Maternal sensitivity during distressing tasks: a unique predictor of attachment security. Infant Behav. Dev. 34:3443–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2011.04.006
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  53. Lewis E, Dozier M, Ackerman J, Sepulveda-Kozakowski S. 2007. The effect of caregiving instability on adopted children's inhibitory control abilities and oppositional behavior. Dev. Psychol. 43:1415–27
     [Google Scholar]
  54. Lieberman AF, Van Horn P. 2008. Psychotherapy with Infants and Young Children: Repairing the Effects of Stress and Trauma on Early Attachment New York: Guilford
  55. Lieberman AF, Van Horn PJ, Ghosh Ippen C 2005. Toward evidence-based treatment: Child-Parent Psychotherapy with preschoolers exposed to marital violence. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 44:1241–48
     [Google Scholar]
  56. Lieneman CC, Brabson LA, Highlander A, Wallace NM, McNeil CB. 2017. Parent-Child Interaction Therapy: current perspectives. Psychol. Res. Behav. Manag. 20:239–56. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S91200
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  57. Lind T, Bernard K, Dozier M. 2020. Promoting compliance in children referred to Child Protective Services: a randomized clinical trial. Child Dev. 91:563–76. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13207
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  58. Lyons-Ruth K, Jacobvitz D 1999. Attachment disorganization: unresolved loss, relational violence, and lapses in behavioral and attentional strategies. Handbook of Attachment: Theory, Research, and Clinical Applications J Cassidy, PR Shaver 520–54. New York: Guilford
     [Google Scholar]
  59. Main M, Hesse E 1990. Parents’ unresolved traumatic experiences are related to infant disorganized attachment status: Is frightened/frightening parental behavior the linking mechanism?. Attachment in the Preschool Years: Theory, Research, and Intervention MT Greenberg, D Cicchetti, EM Cummings 161–82. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
     [Google Scholar]
  60. Main M, Solomon J. 1986. Discovery of an insecure-disorganized/disoriented attachment pattern. Affective Development in Infancy TB Brazelton, MW Yogman 95–124. Westport, CT: Ablex
     [Google Scholar]
  61. Marshall PJ, Fox NA, BEIP Core Group 2004. A comparison of the electroencephalogram between institutionalized and community children in Romania. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 16:81327–38
     [Google Scholar]
  62. McElwain NL, Booth-LaForce C. 2006. Maternal sensitivity to infant distress and nondistress as predictors of infant-mother attachment security. J. Fam. Psychol. 20:2247–55. https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.20.2.247
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  63. McLaughlin KA, Sheridan MA, Humphreys KL, Belsky J, Ellis BJ. 2021. The value of dimensional models of early experience: thinking clearly about concepts and categories. Perspect. Psychol. Sci. 16:61463–72. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691621992346
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  64. McLaughlin KA, Sheridan MA, Tibu F, Fox NA, Zeanah CH, Nelson CA III 2015. Causal effects of the early caregiving environment on development of stress response systems in children. PNAS 112:185637–42. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1423363112
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  65. McNeil CB, Hembree-Kigin TL. 2010. Parent–Child Interaction Therapy New York: Springer. , 2nd ed.. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-88639-8
    [Crossref]
  66. Miu AC, Szentágotai-Tătar A, Balázsi R, Nechita D, Bunea I, Pollak SD. 2022. Emotion regulation as mediator between childhood adversity and psychopathology: a meta-analysis. Clin. Psychol. Rev. 93:102–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102141
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  67. Natl. Sci. Counc. Dev. Child 2007. The timing and quality of early experiences combine to shape brain architecture Work. Pap. 5 Cent. Dev. Child, Harvard Univ. Cambridge, MA: https://developingchild.harvard.edu/resources/the-timing-and-quality-of-early-experiences-combine-to-shape-brain-architecture/
  68. Nelson CA. 2007. A neurobiological perspective on early human deprivation. Child Dev. Perspect. 1:13–18
     [Google Scholar]
  69. Nelson CA, Fox NA, Zeanah CH. 2014. Romania's Abandoned Children: Deprivation, Brain Development, and the Struggle for Recovery Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
  70. O'Farrelly C, Watt H, Babalis D, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, Barker B et al. 2021. A brief home-based parenting intervention to reduce behavior problems in young children: a pragmatic randomized clinical trial. JAMA Pediatr. 175:6567–76. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.6834
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  71. Olds DL. 2008. Preventing child maltreatment and crime with prenatal and infancy support of parents: the nurse-family partnership. J. Scand. Stud. Criminol. Crime Prev. 9:Suppl. 12–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/14043850802450096
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  72. Olds DL, Kitzman H, Cole R, Robinson J, Sidora K, Luckey DW et al. 2004. Effects of nurse home-visiting on maternal life course and child development: age 6 follow-up results of a randomized trial. Pediatrics 114:61550–59. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2004-0962
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  73. Patterson GR. 1982. Coercive Family Process Eugene, OR: Castalia
     [Google Scholar]
  74. Posner MI, Rothbart MK. 2007. Research on attention networks as a model for the integration of psychological science. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 58:1–23. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085516
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  75. Raby KL, Freedman E, Yarger HA, Lind T, Dozier M. 2019. Enhancing the language development of toddlers in foster care by promoting foster parents' sensitivity: results from a randomized controlled trial. Dev. Sci. 22:2e12753 https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.12753
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  76. Raby KL, Roisman GI, Fraley RC, Simpson JA. 2015. The enduring predictive significance of early maternal sensitivity: social and academic competence through age 32 years. Child Dev. 86:3695–708. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12325
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  77. Ramsauer B, Mühlhan C, Lotzin A, Achtergarde S, Mueller J et al. 2020. Randomized controlled trial of the Circle of Security-Intensive intervention for mothers with postpartum depression: Maternal unresolved attachment moderates changes in sensitivity. Attach. Hum. Dev. 22:6705–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2019.1689406
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  78. Raver CC. 1996. Relations between social contingency in mother-child interaction and 2-year-olds' social competence. Dev. Psychol. 32:5850–59. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.32.5.850
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  79. Roben CKP, Dozier M, Caron E, Bernard K 2017. Moving an evidence-based parenting program into the community. Child Dev. 88:1447–52. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12898
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  80. Rutter M. 1998. Developmental catch-up, and deficit, following adoption after severe global early privation. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry 39:4465–76
     [Google Scholar]
  81. Schein SS, Roben CKP, Costello AH, Dozier M. 2023. Assessing changes in parent sensitivity in telehealth and hybrid implementation of Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-Up during the COVID-19 pandemic. Child Maltreat. 28:124–33. https://doi.org/10.1177/10775595211072516
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  82. Schuengel C, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, van IJzendoorn MH. 1999. Frightening maternal behavior linking unresolved loss and disorganized infant attachment. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 67:154–63. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.67.1.54
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  83. Shonkoff JP, Bales SN. 2011. Science does not speak for itself: translating child development research for the public and its policymakers. Child Dev. 82:117–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01538.x
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  84. Shonkoff JP, Richter L, van der Gaag J, Bhutta ZA. 2012. An integrated scientific framework for child survival and early childhood development. Pediatrics 129:2e460–72. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-0366
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  85. Slade A, Simpson TE, Webb D, Albertson JG, Close N, Sadler LS 2018. Minding the Baby: complex trauma and attachment-based home intervention. Handbook of Attachment-Based Interventions H Steele, M Steele 151–73. New York: Guilford
     [Google Scholar]
  86. Spitz R. 1946. Hospitalism: a follow-up report on investigation described in Volume 1, 1945. Psychoanal. Study Child 2:1113–17
     [Google Scholar]
  87. Suchman NE, Bers SA. 2015. Mothering from the Inside Out: A Mentalization-Based Intervention for Mothers in Substance Use Treatment New Haven, CT: Yale Univ. Sch. Med.
  88. Swingler MM, Perry NB, Calkins SD, Bell MA. 2017. Maternal behavior predicts infant neurophysiological and behavioral attention processes in the first year. Dev. Psychol. 53:113–27. https://doi.org /10.1037/dev0000187
    [Google Scholar]
  89. Tarullo A, Garvin MC, Gunnar M. 2011. Atypical EEG power correlates with indiscriminately friendly behavior in internationally adopted children. Dev. Psychol. 47:2417–31
     [Google Scholar]
  90. Toth SL, Maughan A, Manly JT, Spagnola M, Cicchetti D. 2002. The relative efficacy of two interventions in altering maltreated preschool children's representational models: implications for attachment theory. Dev. Psychopathol. 14:877–908
     [Google Scholar]
  91. Toth SL, Rogosch FA, Manly JT, Cicchetti D. 2006. The efficacy of toddler-parent psychotherapy to reorganize attachment in the young offspring of mothers with major depressive disorder: a randomized preventive trial. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 74:61006–16. http://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.74.6.1006
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  92. Valadez EA, Tottenham N, Tabachnick AR, Dozier M. 2020. Early parenting intervention effects on brain responses to maternal cues among high-risk children. Am. J. Psychiatry 177:818–26
     [Google Scholar]
  93. van IJzendoorn MH, Juffer F. 2006. The Emanuel Miller Memorial Lecture 2006: adoption as intervention. Meta-analytic evidence for massive catch-up and plasticity in physical, socio-emotional, and cognitive development. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry 47::1228–45. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01675.x
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  94. van IJzendoorn MH, Schuengel C, Wang Q, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ. 2022. Improving parenting, child attachment, and externalizing behaviors: meta-analysis of the first 25 randomized controlled trials on the effects of video-feedback intervention to promote positive parenting and sensitive discipline. Dev. Psychopathol. 35:241–56. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579421001462
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  95. Yaholkoski A, Hurl K, Theule J. 2016. Efficacy of the Circle of Security intervention: a meta-analysis. J. Infant Child Adolesc. Psychother. 15:295–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/15289168.2016.1163161
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  96. Weaver IC, Cervoni N, Champagne FA, D'Alessio AC, Sharma S, Seckl JR et al. 2004. Epigenetic programming by maternal behavior. Nat. Neurosci. 7:847–54
     [Google Scholar]
  97. Whedon M, Perry NB, Calkins SD, Bell MA. 2016. Changes in frontal EEG coherence across infancy predict cognitive abilities at age 3: the mediating role of attentional control. Dev. Psychol. 52:91341–52. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000149
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
  98. Wright B, Fearon P, Garside M, Tsappis E, Amoah E et al. 2023. Routinely used interventions to improve attachment in infants and young children: a national survey and two systematic reviews. Health Technol. Assess. 27:2 https://doi.org/10.3310/IVCN8847
    [Crossref] [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-devpsych-120621-043254
Loading
Intervening Early: Socioemotional Interventions Targeting the Parent–Infant Relationship
Annual Review of Developmental Psychology 5, 115 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-devpsych-120621-043254
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-devpsych-120621-043254
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-devpsych-120621-043254
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Review Article

Most Cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error