Language, Gender, and Sexuality

Literature Cited

1. Atanga LL, Ellece SE, Litosseliti L, Sunderland J 2012. Gender and language in sub-Saharan Africa: issues and challenges. Gend. Lang. 6:1–20
   [Google Scholar]
2. Austin JL 1962. How to Do Things with Words Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
3. Baclawski K 2018. Diglossia and change from below in Eastern Cham. Asia-Pac. Lang. Var. 4:74–103
   [Google Scholar]
4. Badran M, Sadiqi F, Rashidi L 2002. Language and gender in the Arab world. Lang. Linguist. 9:spec. issue
   [Google Scholar]
5. Baranowski M 2002. Current usage of the epicene pronoun in written English. J. Socioling. 6:378–97
   [Google Scholar]
6. Barrett R 1999. Indexing polyphonous identity in the speech of African American drag queens. Reinventing Identities: The Gendered Self in Discourse M Bucholtz, A Liang, L Sutton 313–31 New York: Oxford Univ. Press
   [Google Scholar]
7. Barrett R 2017. From Drag Queens to Leathermen: Language, Gender, and Gay Male Subcultures Oxford, UK: Oxford Univ. Press
8. Baxter J 2003. Positioning Gender in Discourse: A Feminist Methodology London: Palgrave Macmillan
9. Baxter J 2006. Speaking Out: The Female Voice in Public Contexts London: Palgrave Macmillan
10. Benwell B 2011. Masculine identity and identification as ethnomethodological phenomena: revisiting Cameron and Kulick. Gend. Lang. 5:187–210
    [Google Scholar]
11. Benwell B 2014. Language and masculinity. See Ehrlich et al. 2014 240–59
12. Benwell B, Stokoe E 2006. Discourse and Identity Edinburgh, UK: Edinburgh Univ. Press
13. Bergvall VL, Bing JM, Freed AF 1996. Rethinking Language and Gender Research: Theory and Practice London: Longman
14. Bershtling O 2014. “Speech creates a kind of commitment”: queering Hebrew. In Queer Excursions: Retheorizing Binaries in Language, Gender and Sexuality, ed. L Zimman, J Davis, J Raclaw, pp. 35–61. New York: Oxford Univ. Press
15. Besnier N 1997. Sluts and superwomen: the politics of gender liminality in urban Tonga. Ethnos 62:5–31
    [Google Scholar]
16. Besnier N 2003. Crossing gender, mixing languages: the linguistic construction of trangenderism in Tonga. The Handbook of Language and Gender J Holmes, M Meyerhoff 279–301 Oxford, UK: Blackwell
    [Google Scholar]
17. Besnier N, Alexeyeff K 2014. Gender on the Edge: Transgender, Gay and Other Pacific Islanders Honolulu: Univ. Hawai'i Press
18. Borba R, Ostermann AC 2007. Do bodies matter? Travestis’ embodiment of (trans)gender identity through the manipulation of the Brazilian Portuguese grammatical gender system. Gend. Lang. 1:131–47
    [Google Scholar]
19. Brown P 1980. How and why women are more polite: some evidence from a Mayan community. Women and Language in Literature and Society S McConnell-Ginet, R Borker, N Furman 111–36 New York: Praeger
    [Google Scholar]
20. Bucholtz M, Hall K 2004. Theorizing identity in language and sexuality research. Lang. Soc. 33:501–47
    [Google Scholar]
21. Butler J 1990. Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity London: Routledge
22. Butler J 1991. Imitation and gender insubordination. Inside/Out: Lesbian Theories, Gay Theories D Fuss 13–31 New York: Routledge
    [Google Scholar]
23. Butler J 1997. Excitable Speech: A Politics of the Performative New York: Routledge
24. Cameron D 1997. Theoretical debates in feminist linguistics: questions of sex and gender. Gender and Discourse R Wodak 21–36 London: Sage
    [Google Scholar]
25. Cameron D 2005. Language, gender and sexuality: current issues and new directions. Appl. Linguist. 26:482–502
    [Google Scholar]
26. Cameron D 2008. Theoretical issues for the study of gender and spoken interaction. Gender and Spoken Interaction P Pichler, E Eppler 1–17 Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan
    [Google Scholar]
27. Cameron D 2010. Sex/gender, language and the new biologism. Appl. Linguist. 31:173–92
    [Google Scholar]
28. Cameron D 2014. Gender and language ideologies. See Ehrlich et al. 2014 281–96
29. Cameron D, Kulick D 2003. Language and Sexuality Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
30. Cameron D, Kulick D 2006. The Language and Sexuality Reader London: Routledge
31. Cameron D, McAlinden F, O'Leary K 1988. Lakoff in context: the form and function of tag questions. Women in their Speech Communities J Coates, D Cameron 74–93 London: Longman
    [Google Scholar]
32. Campbell-Kibler K, Podesva R, Roberts S, Wong A 2002. Language and Sexuality: Contesting Meaning in Theory and Practice Stanford, CA: Cent. Study Lang. Inf.
33. Clyne M, Kretzenbacher H-L, Norrby C, Schüpbach D 2006. Perceptions of variation and change in German and Swedish address. J. Socioling. 10:287–319
    [Google Scholar]
34. Coates J 2013. The discursive production of everyday heterosexualities. Discourse Soc 24:536–52
    [Google Scholar]
35. Craig CG 1986.a Noun Classes and Categorization: Proceedings of a Symposium on Categorization and Noun Classification Amsterdam: Benjamins
36. Craig CG 1986.b Jacaltec noun classifiers: a study in language and culture. See Craig 1986a 263–93
37. Crawford M 1995. Talking Difference: On Gender and Language London: Sage
38. Davies M 1997. Taking the inside out: sex and gender in the legal subject. Sexing the Subject of Law N Naffine, RJ Owens 79–93 North Ryde, Aust.: LBC Inf. Serv.
    [Google Scholar]
39. de Beauvoir S 2010 (1949). The Second Sex transl. C Borde, S Malovany-Chevallier London: Vintage
40. Dubois BL, Crouch I 1975. The question of tag questions in women's speech: They don't really use more of them, do they. Lang. Soc. 4:289–94
    [Google Scholar]
41. Eckert P 1989. The whole woman: sex and gender differences in variation. Lang. Var. Change 1:245–67
    [Google Scholar]
42. Eckert P 1998. Gender and sociolinguistic variation. Language and Gender: A Reader J Coates 64–75 Oxford, UK: Blackwell
    [Google Scholar]
43. Eckert P 2000. Linguistic Variation as Social Practice Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
44. Eckert P 2002. Demystifying sexuality and desire. See Campbell-Kibler et al. 2002 99–110
45. Eckert P 2008. Variation and the indexical field. J. Socioling. 12:453–76
    [Google Scholar]
46. Eckert P 2012. Waves of variation study: the emergence of meaning in the study of sociolinguistic variation. Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 41:87–100
    [Google Scholar]
47. Eckert P, McConnell-Ginet S 1992. Think practically and look locally: language and gender as community-based practice. Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 21:461–90
    [Google Scholar]
48. Eckert P, McConnell-Ginet S 1995. Constructing meaning, constructing selves: snapshots of language, gender and class from Belten High. See Hall &Bucholtz 1995 469–508
49. Eckert P, McConnell-Ginet S 2013. Language and Gender Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press. , 2nd ed..
50. Edelman EA, Zimman L 2014. Boycunts and bonus holes: trans men's bodies, neoliberalism, and the sexual productivity of genitals. J. Homosex. 61:673–90
    [Google Scholar]
51. Ehrlich S 2001. Representing Rape: Language and Sexual Consent London: Routledge
52. Ehrlich S 2006. Trial discourse and judicial decision-making: constraining the boundaries of gendered identities. See Baxter 2006 139–58
53. Ehrlich S, Meyerhoff M, Holmes J 2014. The Handbook of Language, Gender and Sexuality Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. , 2nd ed..
54. Everett C 2011. Gender, pronouns and thought: the ligature between epicene pronouns and a more neutral gender perception. Gend. Lang. 5:133–52
    [Google Scholar]
55. Fisher S 1986. In the Patient's Best Interest: Women and the Politics of Medical Decisions New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers Univ. Press
56. Fishman P 1983. The work women do. Language, Gender and Society B Thorne, C Kramarae, N Henley 89–101 Rowley, MA: Newbury House
    [Google Scholar]
57. Freed AF 1992. We understand perfectly: a critique of Tannen's view of cross-sex communication. Locating Power: Proceedings of the 2nd Berkeley Women and Language Conference K Hall, M Bucholtz, B Moonwomon 2144–52 Berkeley, CA: Berkeley Women Lang. Group
    [Google Scholar]
58. Freed AF 2014. The public view of language and gender: still wrong after all these years. See Ehrlich et al. 2014 625–45
59. Gal S 1991. Between speech and silence: the problematics of research on language and gender. Gender at the Crossroads of Knowledge M di Leonardo 175–203 Berkeley: Univ. Calif. Press
    [Google Scholar]
60. Gal S 1995. Language, gender and power: an anthropological review. See Hall & Bucholtz 1995 169–82
61. Gaudio R 1997. Not talking straight in Hausa. See Livia & Hall 1997 416–29
62. Goffman E 1981. Forms of Talk Philadelphia: Univ. Pa. Press
63. Gumperz J 1982. Language and Social Identity Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
64. Haeri N 1994. A linguistic innovation of women in Cairo. Lang. Var. Change 6:87–112
    [Google Scholar]
65. Hall K 1995. Lip service on the fantasy lines. See Hall & Bucholtz 183–216
66. Hall K 1997. “Go suck your husband's sugarcane!” Hijras and the use of sexual insult. See Livia & Hall 430–60
67. Hall K, Bucholtz M 1995. Gender Articulated: Language and the Socially Constructed Self London/New York: Routledge
68. Hall K, O’ Donovan V 1996. Shifting gender positions among Hindi-speaking Hijras. See Bergvall et al. 1996 228–66
69. Hazenberg E 2016. Walking the straight and narrow: linguistic choice and gendered presentation. Gend. Lang. 10:270–94
    [Google Scholar]
70. Hazenberg E 2017. Liminality as a lens on social meaning: a cross-variable analysis of gender in New Zealand English PhD thesis Victoria Univ Wellington, N. Z.:
71. Hellinger M, Bußmann H 2001. Gender Across Languages: The Linguistic Representation of Women and Men 1 Amsterdam: Benjamins
72. Hellinger M, Bußmann H 2002. Gender Across Languages: The Linguistic Representation of Women and Men 2 Amsterdam: Benjamins
73. Hellinger M, Bußmann H 2003. Gender Across Languages: The Linguistic Representation of Women and Men 3 Amsterdam: Benjamins
74. Hellinger M, Motschenbacher H 2015. Gender Across Languages: The Linguistic Representation of Women and Men 4 Amsterdam: Benjamins
75. Henley N, Kramarae C 1991. Gender, power and miscommunication. Miscommunication and Problematic Talk N Coupland, H Giles, J Wiemann 18–43 Newbury Park, CA: Sage
    [Google Scholar]
76. Holmes J 1984. Hedging your bets and sitting on the fence: some evidence for tag questions as support structures. Te Reo 27:47–62
    [Google Scholar]
77. Holmes J 1997. Women, language and identity. J. Socioling. 2:195–223
    [Google Scholar]
78. Holmes J 2006. Gendered Talk at Work: Constructing Gender Identity Through Workplace Discourse Malden, MA: Blackwell
79. Holmes J, Marra M 2011. Leadership discourse in a Maori workplace: negotiating gender, ethnicity and leadership at work. Gend. Lang. 5:317–42
    [Google Scholar]
80. Holmes J, Stubbe M 2015. Power and Politeness in the Workplace London/New York: Routledge. , 2nd ed..
81. Ide S 1979. Onna no kotoba, Otoko no kotaba [Women's Speech, Men's Speech] Tokyo: Nihon Keizai Tsushinsha (In Japanese)
    [Google Scholar]
82. Inoue M 2006. Vicarious Language: Gender and Linguistic Modernity in Japan Berkeley/Los Angeles: Univ. Calif. Press
83. Jagose A 1996. Queer Theory: An Introduction New York: NYU Press
84. Jaffe A 2009. Stance: Sociolinguistic Perspectives New York: Oxford Univ. Press
85. Jones L, Mills S 2014. Analysing agency: reader responses to Fifty Shades of Grey. Gend. Lang. 8:225–44
    [Google Scholar]
86. Keenan E 1974. Norm-makers, norm-breakers: uses of speech by men and women in a Malagasy community. Explorations in the Ethnography of Speaking R Bauman, J Sherzer 125–43 Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
    [Google Scholar]
87. Kiesling SF 2002. Playing the straight man: displaying and maintaining male heterosexuality in discourse. See Campbell-Kibler et al. 2002 249–66
88. Kiesling SF 2005. Homosocial desire in men's talk: balancing and recreating cultural discourses of masculinity. Lang. Soc. 34:695–727
    [Google Scholar]
89. Kiesling SF 2011. Masculinities, desire, and discourse. Gend. Lang. 5:213–39
    [Google Scholar]
90. Kitzinger C 2005.a “Speaking as a heterosexual”: (How) does sexuality matter for talk-in-interaction. Res. Lang. Soc. Interact. 38:221–65
    [Google Scholar]
91. Kitzinger C 2005.b Heteronormativity in action: reproducing the heterosexual nuclear family in after-hours medical calls. Soc. Probl. 52:477–98
    [Google Scholar]
92. Kulick D 1998. Travesti: Sex, Gender and Culture Among Brazilian Transgendered Prostitutes Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press
93. Kulick D 2000. Gay and lesbian language. Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 29:243–85
    [Google Scholar]
94. Kulick D 2014. Language and desire. See Ehrlich et al. 2014 68–84
95. Labov W 1963. The social motivation of a sound change. Word 19:273–309
    [Google Scholar]
96. Labov W 2001. Principles of Linguistic Change: Social Factors Oxford, UK: Blackwell
97. Labov W 2015. The discovery of the unexpected. Asia-Pac. Lang. Var. 1:7–22
    [Google Scholar]
98. Lakoff G 1986. Classifiers as a reflection of mind. See Craig 1986a 13–51
99. Lakoff RT 1975. Language and Woman's Place New York: Harper & Row
100. Lakoff RT 2004. Language and Woman's Place: Text and Commentaries M Bucholtz New York: Oxford Univ. Press. , Revis. ed..
101. Land V, Kitzinger C 2005. Speaking as a lesbian: correcting the heterosexist presumption. Res. Lang. Soc. Interact. 38:371–416
     [Google Scholar]
102. Lave J, Wenger E 1991. Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
103. Levon E 2016. Conflicted selves: language, religion, and same-sex desire in Israel. See Levon & Mendes 2016 215–39
104. Levon E, Mendes RB 2016. Language, Sexuality and Power: Studies in Intersectional Linguistics New York: Oxford Univ. Press
105. Livia A 1997. Disloyal to masculinity: linguistic gender and liminal identity in French. See Livia & Hall 1997 349–68
106. Livia A, Hall K 1997. Queerly Phrased: Language, Gender and Sexuality New York: Oxford Univ. Press
107. Maegaard M, Pharao N 2016. /s/ variation and perceptions of male sexuality in Denmark. See Levon & Mendes 2016 88–104
108. Maltz D, Borker R 1982. A cultural approach to male–female miscommunication. See Gumperz 1982 196–216
109. McConnell-Ginet S 2006. Why defining is seldom ‘just semantics’. Drawing the Boundaries of Meaning: Neo-Gricean Studies in Semantics and Pragmatics in Honor of Laurence J. Horn BJ Birner, G Ward 217–40 Amsterdam: Benjamins
     [Google Scholar]
110. McElhinny B 2014. Theorizing gender in sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology: toward effective interventions in gender equity. See Ehrlich et al. 2014 48–67
111. Menard-Warwick J 2009. Gendered Identities and Immigrant Language Learning Bristol, UK: Multiling. Matters
112. Mendoza-Denton N 2011. The semiotic hitchhiker's guide to creaky voice: circulation and gendered hardcore in a Chicana/o gang persona. J. Linguist. Anthropol. 21:261–80
     [Google Scholar]
113. Meyerhoff M 2003. Claiming a place: gender, knowledge and authority as emergent properties. Handbook of Language and Gender J Holmes, M Meyerhoff 302–26 Oxford, UK: Blackwell. , 1st ed..
     [Google Scholar]
114. Meyerhoff M 2014. Variation and gender. See Ehrlich et al. 2014 87–102
115. Meyerhoff M 2017. Writing a linguistic symphony: analyzing variation while doing language documentation. Can. J. Linguist. 62:525–49
     [Google Scholar]
116. Meyerhoff M, Hazenberg E 2017. Representing trans: an introduction. Representing Trans: Linguistic, Legal and Everyday Perspectives E Hazenberg, M Meyerhoff 9–19 Wellington, N. Z.: Victoria Univ. Press
     [Google Scholar]
117. Meyerhoff M, Stanford JA 2015. “Tings change, all tings change”: the changing face of sociolinguistics with a global perspective. See Smakman & Heinrich 1–15
118. Milani T 2011. Introduction: re-casting language and masculinities. Gend. Lang. 5:175–86
     [Google Scholar]
119. Milani T 2014. Queering masculinities. See Ehrlich et al. 2014 260–78
120. Milani T 2015. Theorizing language and masculinities. Language and Masculinities: Performances, Intersections and Dislocations T Milani 8–33 London: Routledge
     [Google Scholar]
121. Milani T, Lazar M 2017. Seeing from the South: discourse, gender and sexuality from southern perspectives. J. Socioling. 21:307–19
     [Google Scholar]
122. Mills S, Mullany L 2011. Language, Gender and Feminism London/New York: Routledge
123. Motschenbacher H, Stegu M 2013. Queer linguistic approaches to discourse. Discourse Soc 24:519–35
     [Google Scholar]
124. Mullany L 2007. Gendered Discourse in the Professional Workplace London: Palgrave Macmillan
125. Nakamura M 2014. Historical discourse approach to Japanese women's language: ideology, indexicality and metalanguage. See Ehrlich et al. 2014 378–95
126. Nicholson L 1994. Interpreting gender. Signs 20:79–105
     [Google Scholar]
127. Ochs E 1992. Indexing gender. Rethinking Context: Language as an Interactive Phenomenon A Duranti, C Goodwin 335–58 Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
     [Google Scholar]
128. Okamoto S, Shibamoto Smith JS 2004. Japanese Language, Gender and Ideology: Cultural Models and Real People New York: Oxford Univ. Press
     [Google Scholar]
129. Pauwels A 1998. Women Changing Language London: Longman
130. Philips S 1994. Local legal hegemony in the Tongan magistrate's court: how sisters fare better than wives. Contested States S Hirsch, M Lazarus-Black 59–88 London: Routledge
     [Google Scholar]
131. Podesva RJ 2007. Phonation type as a stylistic variable: the use of falsetto in constructing a persona. J. Socioling. 11:478–504
     [Google Scholar]
132. Podesva RJ, Roberts S, Campbell-Kibler K 2002. Sharing resources and indexing meanings in the production of gay style. See Campbell-Kibler et al. 2002 175–89
133. Podesva RJ, D'Onofrio A, Van Hofwegen J, Kim SK 2015. Country ideology and the California vowel shift. Lang. Var. Change 27:157–86
     [Google Scholar]
134. Podesva RJ, Van Hofwegen J 2016. /s/exuality in small-town California: gender normativity and the acoustic realization of /s/. See Levon & Mendes 2016 168–88
135. Queen R 1997.. “ I don't speak spritch”: locating lesbian language. See Livia & Hall 1997 233–56
136. Queen R 2014. Language and sexual identities. See Ehrlich et al. 2014 203–19
137. Romaniuk T, Ehrlich S 2017. Language and gendered politics: the ‘double-bind’ in action. The Routledge Handbook of Language and Politics R Wodak, B Fortchner 514–27 London: Routledge
     [Google Scholar]
138. Sadiqi F 2003. Women, Gender and Language in Morocco Leiden, Neth.: Brill
139. Saisuwan P 2016. Kathoey and the linguistic construction of gender identity in Thailand. See Levon & Mendes 2016 189–214
140. Shibamoto JS 1985. Japanese Women's Language Orlando, FL: Academic
141. Smakman D, Heinrich P 2015. Globalising Sociolinguistics: Challenging and Expanding Theory London: Routledge
142. Smith LC, Shin RQ, Officer LM 2012. Moving counseling forward on LGB and transgender issues. Couns. Psychol. 40:385–408
     [Google Scholar]
143. Strand E 1999. Uncovering the role of gender stereotypes in speech perception. J. Lang. Soc. Psychol. 18:86–100
     [Google Scholar]
144. Sunderland J 2004. Gendered Discourses London: Palgrave Macmillan
145. Tannen D 1990. You Just Don't Understand: Women and Men in Conversation New York: William Morrow
146. Tao K 2017. The construction of transgender identities through legal and self-perspectives. Representing Trans: Linguistic, Legal and Everyday Perspectives E Hazenberg, M Meyerhoff 77–103 Wellington, N. Z.: Victoria Univ. Press
     [Google Scholar]
147. Troemel-Ploetz S 1991. Selling the apolitical. Discourse Soc 2:489–502
     [Google Scholar]
148. Uchida A 1992. When “difference” is “dominance”: a critique of the “anti-power-based” cultural approach to sex differences. Lang. Soc. 21:547–68
     [Google Scholar]
149. Valentine TM 2008. Language and gender. Language in South Asia, ed. BB Kachru Y Kachru, SN Sridhar 429–49 Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
     [Google Scholar]
150. Walters K 2011. Gendering French: historicizing Tunisian language ideologies. Int. J. Sociol. Lang. 211:83–111
     [Google Scholar]
151. Weinreich U, Labov W, Herzog M 1968. Empirical foundations for a theory of language change. Directions for Historical Linguistics WP Lehman, Y Malkiel 95–195 Austin: Univ. Tex. Press
     [Google Scholar]
152. West C, Zimmerman D 1983. Small insults: a study of interruptions in cross-sex conversations between unacquainted persons. Language, Gender and Society B Thorne, C Kramarae, N Henley 102–17 Rowley, MA: Newbury House
     [Google Scholar]
153. Wong A 2016. How does oppression work? Insights from Hong Kong's lesbians’ labelling practices. See Levon & Mendes 2016 19–38
154. Zimman L 2014. The discursive construction of sex: remaking and reclaiming the gendered body in talk about genitals among trans men. Queer Excursions: Retheorizing Binaries in Language, Gender and Sexuality L Zimman, J Davis, J Raclaw 13–34 New York: Oxford Univ. Press
     [Google Scholar]
155. Zubin D, Köpcke MJ 1986. Gender and folk taxonomy: the indexical relation between grammatical and lexical categorization. See Craig 1986a 139–80