1932
0
  1. Home
  2. A-Z Publications
  3. Annual Review of Linguistics
  4. Volume 7, 2021
  5. Article

Annual Review of Linguistics

Volume 7, 2021

The Motivation for Roots in Distributed Morphology

Abstract

Within Distributed Morphology, it has been proposed that the lexical vocabulary consists of Roots: category-less primitives. The motivation for Roots is connected with a line of argument reaching back to Chomsky's “Remarks on Nominalization” concerning the representation of lexical categories and their role in syntax. At the center of the theory of Roots is the Two Domains Intuition: the idea that there are two different types of domains in which grammatical interactions (form: allomorphy; meaning: allosemy) occur. Roots are posited as part of an argument against lexicalist approaches to the Two Domains Intuition that reduce it to a modular distinction between the lexicon and the syntax. In place of the modular distinction, Root-based approaches hypothesize that domain differences are derivative of syntactic locality effects in a way that connects with the phase theory of Minimalist syntax. This review examines developments leading to current versions of a Roots-and-contexts theory. A particular focus is on the idea that separating lexical Roots from the morphemes that categorize them is essential to defining the distinct locality domains that are posited to explain the effects subsumed under the Two Domains Intuition.

Keyword(s): Distributed Morphology, lexical category, locality, morphology, Roots
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-040620-061341
2021-01-04
2024-04-26
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/linguistics/7/1/annurev-linguistics-040620-061341.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-040620-061341&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

Literature Cited

  1. Anderson S. 1977. Comments on the paper by Wasow. Formal Syntax PW Culicover, T Wasow, A Akmajian 361–77 New York: Academic
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Anderson S. 1992. Amorphous Morphology Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
  3. Aronoff M. 1976. Word Formation in Generative Grammar Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
  4. Aronoff M. 2007. In the beginning was the word. Language 83:803–30
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Carstairs-McCarthy A. 1992. Current Morphology London: Routledge
  6. Chomsky N. 1957. Syntactic Structures The Hague, Neth: Mouton
  7. Chomsky N. 1965. Aspects of the Theory of Syntax Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
  8. Chomsky N. 1970. Remarks on nominalization. Readings in English Transformational Grammar R Jacobs, P Rosenbaum 184–221 Washington, DC: Georgetown Univ. Press
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Chomsky N. 1981. Lectures on Government and Binding Dordrecht, Neth: Foris
  10. Chomsky N. 1993. A minimalist program for linguistic theory. The View from Building 20: Essays in Linguistics in Honor of Sylvain Bromberger K Hale, S Keyser 1–52 Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Chomsky N. 2000. Minimalist inquiries: the framework. Step by Step: Essays on Minimalist Syntax in Honor of Howard Lasnik R Martin, D Michaels, J Uriagereka 89–156 Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Chomsky N. 2001. Derivation by phase. Ken Hale: A Life in Language M Kenstowicz 1–52 Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Chomsky N, Lasnik H. 1993. Principles and parameters theory. Handbook of Syntax J Jacobs, A von Stechow, W Sternefeld, T Vennemann 13–127 Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Embick D. 1996. Causativization in Hupa. Proceedings of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 22 J Johnson, M Juge, J Moxley 83–94 Berkeley, CA: Berkeley Linguist. Soc.
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Embick D. 2003. Locality, listedness, and morphological identity. Stud. Linguist. 57:143–69
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Embick D. 2004. On the structure of resultative participles in English. Linguist. Inq. 35:355–92
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Embick D. 2010. Localism Versus Globalism in Morphology and Phonology Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
  18. Embick D. 2020. Locality (in Distributed Morphology). The Cambridge Handbook of Distributed Morphology Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press Forthcoming
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Embick D, Marantz A. 2008. Architecture and blocking. Linguist. Inq. 39:11–53
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Halle M. 1973. Prolegomena to a theory of word formation. Linguist. Inq. 4:13–16
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Halle M. 1990. An approach to morphology. Proceedings of the 20th Annual Meeting of the North East Linguistic Society (NELS 20)150–84 Amherst, MA: Grad. Linguist. Stud. Assoc.
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Halle M, Marantz A. 1993. Distributed Morphology and the pieces of inflection. The View from Building 20: Essays in Linguistics in Honor of Sylvain Bromberger K Hale, S Keyser 111–76 Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Harley H. 2005. How do verbs get their names? Denominal verbs, manner incorporation, and the ontology of verb roots in English. The Syntax of Aspect N Erteschik-Shir, TR Rappoport 42–64 Oxford, UK: Oxford Univ. Press
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Jackendoff R. 1975. Redundancy rules and the lexicon. Language 51:639–71
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Kiparsky P. 1982. Lexical morphology and phonology. Linguistics in the Morning Calm: Selected Essays from SICOL-19813–91 Seoul, South Korea: Hanshin
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Kratzer A. 1996. Severing the external argument from its verb. Phrase Structure and the Lexicon J Rooryck, L Zaring 109–37 Dordrecht, Neth: Kluwer
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Lees RB. 1960. The Grammar of English Nominalizations Bloomington, IN: Int. J. Am. Linguist.
  28. Levin B, Rappaport M. 1986. The formation of adjectival passives. Linguist. Inq. 17:623–61
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Marantz A. 1995. ‘Cat’ as a phrasal idiom: consequences of late insertion in Distributed Morphology Work. Pap., MIT Cambridge, MA:
  30. Marantz A. 1997. No escape from syntax: Don't try morphological analysis in the privacy of your own lexicon. Univ. Pa. Work. Pap. Linguist. 4:2201–25
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Marantz A. 2001. Words Course Handout, MIT Cambridge, MA: https://babel.ucsc.edu/∼hank/mrg.readings/Marantz_words.pdf
  32. Marantz A. 2007. Phases and words. Phases in the Theory of Grammar SH Choe 199–222 Seoul, South Korea: Dong-In
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Marantz A. 2013. Locality domains for contextual allomorphy across the interfaces. Distributed Morphology Today: Morphemes for Morris Halle O Matushansky, A Marantz 95–116 Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Pylkkänen M. 2002. Introducing arguments PhD Thesis, MIT Cambridge, MA:
  35. Stowell T. 1981. Origins of phrase structure PhD Thesis, MIT Cambridge, MA:
  36. Wasow T. 1977. Transformations and the lexicon. Formal Syntax P Culicover, T Wasow, A Akmajian 327–60 New York: Academic
     [Google Scholar]
  37. Wood J, Marantz A. 2017. The interpretation of external arguments. The Verbal Domain R D'Alessandro, I Franco, Á Gallego 255–78 Oxford, UK: Oxford Univ. Press
     [Google Scholar]
  38. Zwicky A, Pullum G. 1983. Cliticization vs. inflection: English n't. . Language 59:502–13
     [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-040620-061341
Loading
  • Article Type: Review Article

Most Cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error